1 | package ExtUtils::Constant;
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2 | use vars qw (@ISA $VERSION @EXPORT_OK %EXPORT_TAGS);
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3 | $VERSION = 0.17;
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4 |
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5 | =head1 NAME
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6 |
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7 | ExtUtils::Constant - generate XS code to import C header constants
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8 |
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9 | =head1 SYNOPSIS
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10 |
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11 | use ExtUtils::Constant qw (WriteConstants);
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12 | WriteConstants(
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13 | NAME => 'Foo',
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14 | NAMES => [qw(FOO BAR BAZ)],
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15 | );
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16 | # Generates wrapper code to make the values of the constants FOO BAR BAZ
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17 | # available to perl
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18 |
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19 | =head1 DESCRIPTION
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20 |
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21 | ExtUtils::Constant facilitates generating C and XS wrapper code to allow
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22 | perl modules to AUTOLOAD constants defined in C library header files.
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23 | It is principally used by the C<h2xs> utility, on which this code is based.
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24 | It doesn't contain the routines to scan header files to extract these
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25 | constants.
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26 |
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27 | =head1 USAGE
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28 |
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29 | Generally one only needs to call the C<WriteConstants> function, and then
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30 |
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31 | #include "const-c.inc"
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32 |
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33 | in the C section of C<Foo.xs>
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34 |
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35 | INCLUDE: const-xs.inc
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36 |
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37 | in the XS section of C<Foo.xs>.
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38 |
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39 | For greater flexibility use C<constant_types()>, C<C_constant> and
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40 | C<XS_constant>, with which C<WriteConstants> is implemented.
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41 |
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42 | Currently this module understands the following types. h2xs may only know
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43 | a subset. The sizes of the numeric types are chosen by the C<Configure>
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44 | script at compile time.
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45 |
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46 | =over 4
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47 |
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48 | =item IV
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49 |
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50 | signed integer, at least 32 bits.
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51 |
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52 | =item UV
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53 |
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54 | unsigned integer, the same size as I<IV>
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55 |
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56 | =item NV
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57 |
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58 | floating point type, probably C<double>, possibly C<long double>
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59 |
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60 | =item PV
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61 |
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62 | NUL terminated string, length will be determined with C<strlen>
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63 |
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64 | =item PVN
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65 |
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66 | A fixed length thing, given as a [pointer, length] pair. If you know the
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67 | length of a string at compile time you may use this instead of I<PV>
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68 |
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69 | =item SV
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70 |
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71 | A B<mortal> SV.
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72 |
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73 | =item YES
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74 |
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75 | Truth. (C<PL_sv_yes>) The value is not needed (and ignored).
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76 |
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77 | =item NO
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78 |
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79 | Defined Falsehood. (C<PL_sv_no>) The value is not needed (and ignored).
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80 |
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81 | =item UNDEF
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82 |
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83 | C<undef>. The value of the macro is not needed.
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84 |
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85 | =back
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86 |
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87 | =head1 FUNCTIONS
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88 |
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89 | =over 4
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90 |
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91 | =cut
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92 |
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93 | if ($] >= 5.006) {
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94 | eval "use warnings; 1" or die $@;
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95 | }
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96 | use strict;
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97 | use Carp qw(croak cluck);
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98 |
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99 | use Exporter;
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100 | use ExtUtils::Constant::Utils qw(C_stringify);
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101 | use ExtUtils::Constant::XS qw(%XS_Constant %XS_TypeSet);
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102 |
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103 | @ISA = 'Exporter';
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104 |
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105 | %EXPORT_TAGS = ( 'all' => [ qw(
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106 | XS_constant constant_types return_clause memEQ_clause C_stringify
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107 | C_constant autoload WriteConstants WriteMakefileSnippet
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108 | ) ] );
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109 |
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110 | @EXPORT_OK = ( @{ $EXPORT_TAGS{'all'} } );
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111 |
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112 | =item constant_types
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113 |
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114 | A function returning a single scalar with C<#define> definitions for the
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115 | constants used internally between the generated C and XS functions.
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116 |
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117 | =cut
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118 |
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119 | sub constant_types {
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120 | ExtUtils::Constant::XS->header();
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121 | }
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122 |
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123 | sub memEQ_clause {
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124 | cluck "ExtUtils::Constant::memEQ_clause is deprecated";
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125 | ExtUtils::Constant::XS->memEQ_clause({name=>$_[0], checked_at=>$_[1],
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126 | indent=>$_[2]});
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127 | }
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128 |
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129 | sub return_clause ($$) {
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130 | cluck "ExtUtils::Constant::return_clause is deprecated";
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131 | my $indent = shift;
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132 | ExtUtils::Constant::XS->return_clause({indent=>$indent}, @_);
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133 | }
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134 |
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135 | sub switch_clause {
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136 | cluck "ExtUtils::Constant::switch_clause is deprecated";
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137 | my $indent = shift;
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138 | my $comment = shift;
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139 | ExtUtils::Constant::XS->switch_clause({indent=>$indent, comment=>$comment},
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140 | @_);
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141 | }
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142 |
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143 | sub C_constant {
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144 | my ($package, $subname, $default_type, $what, $indent, $breakout, @items)
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145 | = @_;
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146 | ExtUtils::Constant::XS->C_constant({package => $package, subname => $subname,
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147 | default_type => $default_type,
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148 | types => $what, indent => $indent,
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149 | breakout => $breakout}, @items);
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150 | }
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151 |
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152 | =item XS_constant PACKAGE, TYPES, SUBNAME, C_SUBNAME
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153 |
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154 | A function to generate the XS code to implement the perl subroutine
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155 | I<PACKAGE>::constant used by I<PACKAGE>::AUTOLOAD to load constants.
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156 | This XS code is a wrapper around a C subroutine usually generated by
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157 | C<C_constant>, and usually named C<constant>.
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158 |
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159 | I<TYPES> should be given either as a comma separated list of types that the
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160 | C subroutine C<constant> will generate or as a reference to a hash. It should
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161 | be the same list of types as C<C_constant> was given.
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162 | [Otherwise C<XS_constant> and C<C_constant> may have different ideas about
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163 | the number of parameters passed to the C function C<constant>]
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164 |
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165 | You can call the perl visible subroutine something other than C<constant> if
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166 | you give the parameter I<SUBNAME>. The C subroutine it calls defaults to
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167 | the name of the perl visible subroutine, unless you give the parameter
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168 | I<C_SUBNAME>.
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169 |
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170 | =cut
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171 |
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172 | sub XS_constant {
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173 | my $package = shift;
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174 | my $what = shift;
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175 | my $subname = shift;
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176 | my $C_subname = shift;
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177 | $subname ||= 'constant';
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178 | $C_subname ||= $subname;
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179 |
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180 | if (!ref $what) {
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181 | # Convert line of the form IV,UV,NV to hash
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182 | $what = {map {$_ => 1} split /,\s*/, ($what)};
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183 | }
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184 | my $params = ExtUtils::Constant::XS->params ($what);
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185 | my $type;
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186 |
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187 | my $xs = <<"EOT";
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188 | void
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189 | $subname(sv)
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190 | PREINIT:
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191 | #ifdef dXSTARG
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192 | dXSTARG; /* Faster if we have it. */
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193 | #else
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194 | dTARGET;
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195 | #endif
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196 | STRLEN len;
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197 | int type;
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198 | EOT
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199 |
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200 | if ($params->{IV}) {
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201 | $xs .= " IV iv;\n";
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202 | } else {
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203 | $xs .= " /* IV\t\tiv;\tUncomment this if you need to return IVs */\n";
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204 | }
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205 | if ($params->{NV}) {
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206 | $xs .= " NV nv;\n";
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207 | } else {
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208 | $xs .= " /* NV\t\tnv;\tUncomment this if you need to return NVs */\n";
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209 | }
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210 | if ($params->{PV}) {
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211 | $xs .= " const char *pv;\n";
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212 | } else {
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213 | $xs .=
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214 | " /* const char\t*pv;\tUncomment this if you need to return PVs */\n";
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215 | }
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216 |
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217 | $xs .= << 'EOT';
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218 | INPUT:
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219 | SV * sv;
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220 | const char * s = SvPV(sv, len);
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221 | EOT
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222 | if ($params->{''}) {
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223 | $xs .= << 'EOT';
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224 | INPUT:
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225 | int utf8 = SvUTF8(sv);
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226 | EOT
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227 | }
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228 | $xs .= << 'EOT';
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229 | PPCODE:
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230 | EOT
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231 |
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232 | if ($params->{IV} xor $params->{NV}) {
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233 | $xs .= << "EOT";
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234 | /* Change this to $C_subname(aTHX_ s, len, &iv, &nv);
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235 | if you need to return both NVs and IVs */
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236 | EOT
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237 | }
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238 | $xs .= " type = $C_subname(aTHX_ s, len";
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239 | $xs .= ', utf8' if $params->{''};
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240 | $xs .= ', &iv' if $params->{IV};
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241 | $xs .= ', &nv' if $params->{NV};
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242 | $xs .= ', &pv' if $params->{PV};
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243 | $xs .= ', &sv' if $params->{SV};
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244 | $xs .= ");\n";
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245 |
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246 | $xs .= << "EOT";
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247 | /* Return 1 or 2 items. First is error message, or undef if no error.
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248 | Second, if present, is found value */
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249 | switch (type) {
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250 | case PERL_constant_NOTFOUND:
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251 | sv = sv_2mortal(newSVpvf("%s is not a valid $package macro", s));
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252 | PUSHs(sv);
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253 | break;
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254 | case PERL_constant_NOTDEF:
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255 | sv = sv_2mortal(newSVpvf(
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256 | "Your vendor has not defined $package macro %s, used", s));
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257 | PUSHs(sv);
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258 | break;
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259 | EOT
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260 |
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261 | foreach $type (sort keys %XS_Constant) {
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262 | # '' marks utf8 flag needed.
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263 | next if $type eq '';
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264 | $xs .= "\t/* Uncomment this if you need to return ${type}s\n"
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265 | unless $what->{$type};
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266 | $xs .= " case PERL_constant_IS$type:\n";
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267 | if (length $XS_Constant{$type}) {
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268 | $xs .= << "EOT";
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269 | EXTEND(SP, 1);
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270 | PUSHs(&PL_sv_undef);
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271 | $XS_Constant{$type};
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272 | EOT
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273 | } else {
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274 | # Do nothing. return (), which will be correctly interpreted as
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275 | # (undef, undef)
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276 | }
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277 | $xs .= " break;\n";
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278 | unless ($what->{$type}) {
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279 | chop $xs; # Yes, another need for chop not chomp.
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280 | $xs .= " */\n";
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281 | }
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282 | }
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283 | $xs .= << "EOT";
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284 | default:
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285 | sv = sv_2mortal(newSVpvf(
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286 | "Unexpected return type %d while processing $package macro %s, used",
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287 | type, s));
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288 | PUSHs(sv);
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289 | }
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290 | EOT
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291 |
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292 | return $xs;
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293 | }
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294 |
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295 |
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296 | =item autoload PACKAGE, VERSION, AUTOLOADER
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297 |
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298 | A function to generate the AUTOLOAD subroutine for the module I<PACKAGE>
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299 | I<VERSION> is the perl version the code should be backwards compatible with.
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300 | It defaults to the version of perl running the subroutine. If I<AUTOLOADER>
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301 | is true, the AUTOLOAD subroutine falls back on AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD for all
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302 | names that the constant() routine doesn't recognise.
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303 |
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304 | =cut
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305 |
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306 | # ' # Grr. syntax highlighters that don't grok pod.
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307 |
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308 | sub autoload {
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309 | my ($module, $compat_version, $autoloader) = @_;
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310 | $compat_version ||= $];
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311 | croak "Can't maintain compatibility back as far as version $compat_version"
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312 | if $compat_version < 5;
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313 | my $func = "sub AUTOLOAD {\n"
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314 | . " # This AUTOLOAD is used to 'autoload' constants from the constant()\n"
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315 | . " # XS function.";
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316 | $func .= " If a constant is not found then control is passed\n"
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317 | . " # to the AUTOLOAD in AutoLoader." if $autoloader;
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318 |
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319 |
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320 | $func .= "\n\n"
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321 | . " my \$constname;\n";
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322 | $func .=
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323 | " our \$AUTOLOAD;\n" if ($compat_version >= 5.006);
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324 |
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325 | $func .= <<"EOT";
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326 | (\$constname = \$AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*:://;
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327 | croak "&${module}::constant not defined" if \$constname eq 'constant';
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328 | my (\$error, \$val) = constant(\$constname);
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329 | EOT
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330 |
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331 | if ($autoloader) {
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332 | $func .= <<'EOT';
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333 | if ($error) {
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334 | if ($error =~ /is not a valid/) {
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335 | $AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD = $AUTOLOAD;
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336 | goto &AutoLoader::AUTOLOAD;
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337 | } else {
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338 | croak $error;
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339 | }
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340 | }
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341 | EOT
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342 | } else {
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343 | $func .=
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344 | " if (\$error) { croak \$error; }\n";
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345 | }
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346 |
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347 | $func .= <<'END';
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348 | {
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349 | no strict 'refs';
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350 | # Fixed between 5.005_53 and 5.005_61
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351 | #XXX if ($] >= 5.00561) {
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352 | #XXX *$AUTOLOAD = sub () { $val };
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353 | #XXX }
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354 | #XXX else {
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355 | *$AUTOLOAD = sub { $val };
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356 | #XXX }
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357 | }
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358 | goto &$AUTOLOAD;
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359 | }
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360 |
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361 | END
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362 |
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363 | return $func;
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364 | }
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365 |
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366 |
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367 | =item WriteMakefileSnippet
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368 |
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369 | WriteMakefileSnippet ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...]
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370 |
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371 | A function to generate perl code for Makefile.PL that will regenerate
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372 | the constant subroutines. Parameters are named as passed to C<WriteConstants>,
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373 | with the addition of C<INDENT> to specify the number of leading spaces
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374 | (default 2).
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375 |
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376 | Currently only C<INDENT>, C<NAME>, C<DEFAULT_TYPE>, C<NAMES>, C<C_FILE> and
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377 | C<XS_FILE> are recognised.
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378 |
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379 | =cut
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380 |
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381 | sub WriteMakefileSnippet {
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382 | my %args = @_;
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383 | my $indent = $args{INDENT} || 2;
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384 |
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385 | my $result = <<"EOT";
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386 | ExtUtils::Constant::WriteConstants(
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387 | NAME => '$args{NAME}',
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388 | NAMES => \\\@names,
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389 | DEFAULT_TYPE => '$args{DEFAULT_TYPE}',
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390 | EOT
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391 | foreach (qw (C_FILE XS_FILE)) {
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392 | next unless exists $args{$_};
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393 | $result .= sprintf " %-12s => '%s',\n",
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394 | $_, $args{$_};
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395 | }
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396 | $result .= <<'EOT';
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397 | );
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398 | EOT
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399 |
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400 | $result =~ s/^/' 'x$indent/gem;
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401 | return ExtUtils::Constant::XS->dump_names({default_type=>$args{DEFAULT_TYPE},
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402 | indent=>$indent,},
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403 | @{$args{NAMES}})
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404 | . $result;
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405 | }
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406 |
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407 | =item WriteConstants ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...]
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408 |
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409 | Writes a file of C code and a file of XS code which you should C<#include>
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410 | and C<INCLUDE> in the C and XS sections respectively of your module's XS
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411 | code. You probably want to do this in your C<Makefile.PL>, so that you can
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412 | easily edit the list of constants without touching the rest of your module.
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413 | The attributes supported are
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414 |
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415 | =over 4
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416 |
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417 | =item NAME
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418 |
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419 | Name of the module. This must be specified
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420 |
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421 | =item DEFAULT_TYPE
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422 |
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423 | The default type for the constants. If not specified C<IV> is assumed.
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424 |
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425 | =item BREAKOUT_AT
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426 |
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427 | The names of the constants are grouped by length. Generate child subroutines
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428 | for each group with this number or more names in.
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429 |
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430 | =item NAMES
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431 |
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432 | An array of constants' names, either scalars containing names, or hashrefs
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433 | as detailed in L<"C_constant">.
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434 |
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435 | =item C_FILE
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436 |
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437 | The name of the file to write containing the C code. The default is
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438 | C<const-c.inc>. The C<-> in the name ensures that the file can't be
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439 | mistaken for anything related to a legitimate perl package name, and
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440 | not naming the file C<.c> avoids having to override Makefile.PL's
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441 | C<.xs> to C<.c> rules.
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442 |
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443 | =item XS_FILE
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444 |
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445 | The name of the file to write containing the XS code. The default is
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446 | C<const-xs.inc>.
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447 |
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448 | =item SUBNAME
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449 |
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450 | The perl visible name of the XS subroutine generated which will return the
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451 | constants. The default is C<constant>.
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452 |
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453 | =item C_SUBNAME
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454 |
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455 | The name of the C subroutine generated which will return the constants.
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456 | The default is I<SUBNAME>. Child subroutines have C<_> and the name
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457 | length appended, so constants with 10 character names would be in
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458 | C<constant_10> with the default I<XS_SUBNAME>.
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459 |
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460 | =back
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461 |
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462 | =cut
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463 |
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464 | sub WriteConstants {
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465 | my %ARGS =
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466 | ( # defaults
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467 | C_FILE => 'const-c.inc',
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468 | XS_FILE => 'const-xs.inc',
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469 | SUBNAME => 'constant',
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470 | DEFAULT_TYPE => 'IV',
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471 | @_);
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472 |
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473 | $ARGS{C_SUBNAME} ||= $ARGS{SUBNAME}; # No-one sane will have C_SUBNAME eq '0'
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474 |
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475 | croak "Module name not specified" unless length $ARGS{NAME};
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476 |
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477 | my ($c_fh, $xs_fh);
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478 | if ($] <= 5.008) {
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479 | # We need these little games, rather than doing things unconditionally,
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480 | # because we're used in core Makefile.PLs before IO is available (needed
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481 | # by filehandle), but also we want to work on older perls where undefined
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482 | # scalars do not automatically turn into anonymous file handles.
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483 | require FileHandle;
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484 | $c_fh = FileHandle->new();
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485 | $xs_fh = FileHandle->new();
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486 | }
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487 | open $c_fh, ">$ARGS{C_FILE}" or die "Can't open $ARGS{C_FILE}: $!";
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488 | open $xs_fh, ">$ARGS{XS_FILE}" or die "Can't open $ARGS{XS_FILE}: $!";
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489 |
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490 | # As this subroutine is intended to make code that isn't edited, there's no
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491 | # need for the user to specify any types that aren't found in the list of
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492 | # names.
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493 | my $types = {};
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494 |
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495 | print $c_fh constant_types(); # macro defs
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496 | print $c_fh "\n";
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497 |
|
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498 | # indent is still undef. Until anyone implements indent style rules with it.
|
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499 | foreach (ExtUtils::Constant::XS->C_constant({package => $ARGS{NAME},
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500 | subname => $ARGS{C_SUBNAME},
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501 | default_type =>
|
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502 | $ARGS{DEFAULT_TYPE},
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503 | types => $types,
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504 | breakout => $ARGS{BREAKOUT_AT}},
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505 | @{$ARGS{NAMES}})) {
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506 | print $c_fh $_, "\n"; # C constant subs
|
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507 | }
|
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508 | print $xs_fh XS_constant ($ARGS{NAME}, $types, $ARGS{XS_SUBNAME},
|
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509 | $ARGS{C_SUBNAME});
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510 |
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511 | close $c_fh or warn "Error closing $ARGS{C_FILE}: $!";
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512 | close $xs_fh or warn "Error closing $ARGS{XS_FILE}: $!";
|
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513 | }
|
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514 |
|
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515 | 1;
|
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516 | __END__
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517 |
|
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518 | =back
|
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519 |
|
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520 | =head1 AUTHOR
|
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521 |
|
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522 | Nicholas Clark <[email protected]> based on the code in C<h2xs> by Larry Wall and
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523 | others
|
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524 |
|
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525 | =cut
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