| 1 |
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| 2 | Xpdf
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| 3 | ====
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| 4 |
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| 5 | version 4.00
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| 6 | 2017-aug-10
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| 7 |
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| 8 | The Xpdf software and documentation are
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| 9 | copyright 1996-2017 Glyph & Cog, LLC.
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| 10 |
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| 11 | Email: [email protected]
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| 12 | WWW: http://www.xpdfreader.com/
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| 13 |
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| 14 | The PDF data structures, operators, and specification are
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| 15 | documented in ISO 32000-1:2008.
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| 16 |
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| 17 |
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| 18 | What is Xpdf?
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| 19 | -------------
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| 20 |
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| 21 | Xpdf is an open source viewer for Portable Document Format (PDF)
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| 22 | files. (These are also sometimes also called 'Acrobat' files, from
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| 23 | the name of Adobe's PDF software.) The Xpdf project also includes a
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| 24 | PDF text extractor, PDF-to-PostScript converter, and various other
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| 25 | utilities.
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| 26 |
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| 27 | The Xpdf viewer uses the Qt cross-platform GUI toolkit. The other
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| 28 | command line utilties do not require Qt.
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| 29 |
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| 30 |
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| 31 | License & Distribution
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| 32 | ----------------------
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| 33 |
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| 34 | Xpdf is licensed under the GNU General Public License (GPL), version 2
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| 35 | or 3. This means that you can distribute derivatives of Xpdf under
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| 36 | any of the following:
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| 37 | - GPL v2 only
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| 38 | - GPL v3 only
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| 39 | - GPL v2 or v3
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| 40 |
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| 41 | The Xpdf source package includes the text of both GPL versions:
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| 42 | COPYING for GPL v2, COPYING3 for GPL v3.
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| 43 |
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| 44 | Please note that Xpdf is NOT licensed under "any later version" of the
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| 45 | GPL, as I have no idea what those versions will look like.
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| 46 |
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| 47 | If you are redistributing unmodified copies of Xpdf (or any of the
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| 48 | Xpdf tools) in binary form, you need to include all of the
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| 49 | documentation: README, man pages (or help files), COPYING, and
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| 50 | COPYING3.
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| 51 |
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| 52 | If you want to incorporate the Xpdf source code into another program
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| 53 | (or create a modified version of Xpdf), and you are distributing that
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| 54 | program, you have two options: release your program under the GPL (v2
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| 55 | and/or v3), or purchase a commercial Xpdf source license.
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| 56 |
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| 57 | If you're interested in commercial licensing, please see the Glyph &
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| 58 | Cog web site:
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| 59 |
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| 60 | http://www.glyphandcog.com/
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| 61 |
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| 62 |
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| 63 | Compatibility
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| 64 | -------------
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| 65 |
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| 66 | Xpdf uses the Qt toolkit and runs on Linux, Windows, and OS X -- and
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| 67 | probably other systems that have a Qt port.
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| 68 |
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| 69 | The non-GUI command line utilities (pdftops, pdftotext, pdftohtml,
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| 70 | pdfinfo, pdffonts, pdfdetach, pdftoppm, pdftopng, and pdfimages) run
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| 71 | on Linux, Windows, and OS X -- and should run on pretty much any
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| 72 | system with a decent C++ compiler.
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| 73 |
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| 74 | If you compile Xpdf for a system not listed on the web page, please
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| 75 | let me know. If you're willing to make your binary available by ftp
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| 76 | or on the web, I'll be happy to add a link from the Xpdf web page. I
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| 77 | have decided not to host any binaries I didn't compile myself (for
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| 78 | disk space and support reasons).
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| 79 |
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| 80 | If you can't get Xpdf to compile on your system, send me email and
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| 81 | I'll try to help.
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| 82 |
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| 83 |
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| 84 | Getting Xpdf
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| 85 | ------------
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| 86 |
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| 87 | The latest version is available from:
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| 88 |
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| 89 | http://www.xpdfreader.com/
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| 90 |
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| 91 | Source code and several precompiled executables are available.
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| 92 |
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| 93 | Announcements of new versions are posted to comp.text.pdf and emailed
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| 94 | to a list of people. If you'd like to receive email notification of
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| 95 | new versions, just let me know.
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| 96 |
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| 97 |
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| 98 | Running Xpdf
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| 99 | ------------
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| 100 |
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| 101 | To run xpdf, simply type:
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| 102 |
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| 103 | xpdf file.pdf
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| 104 |
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| 105 | To generate a PostScript file, run pdftops:
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| 106 |
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| 107 | pdftops file.pdf
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| 108 |
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| 109 | To generate a plain text file, run pdftotext:
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| 110 |
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| 111 | pdftotext file.pdf
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| 112 |
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| 113 | There are several additional utilities (which are fully described in
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| 114 | their man pages):
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| 115 |
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| 116 | pdftohtml -- converts a PDF file to HTML
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| 117 | pdfinfo -- dumps a PDF file's Info dictionary (plus some other
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| 118 | useful information)
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| 119 | pdffonts -- lists the fonts used in a PDF file along with various
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| 120 | information for each font
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| 121 | pdfdetach -- lists or extracts embedded files (attachments) from a
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| 122 | PDF file
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| 123 | pdftoppm -- converts a PDF file to a series of PPM/PGM/PBM-format
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| 124 | bitmaps
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| 125 | pdftopng -- converts a PDF file to a series of PNG image files
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| 126 | pdfimages -- extracts the images from a PDF file
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| 127 |
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| 128 | Command line options and many other details are described in the man
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| 129 | pages: xpdf(1), etc.
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| 130 |
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| 131 | All of these utilities read an optional configuration file: see the
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| 132 | xpdfrc(5) man page.
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| 133 |
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| 134 |
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| 135 | Compiling Xpdf
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| 136 | --------------
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| 137 |
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| 138 | See the separate file, INSTALL.
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| 139 |
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| 140 |
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| 141 | Bugs
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| 142 | ----
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| 143 |
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| 144 | If you find a bug in Xpdf, i.e., if it prints an error message,
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| 145 | crashes, or incorrectly displays a document, and you don't see that
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| 146 | bug listed here, please send me email, with a pointer (URL, ftp site,
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| 147 | etc.) to the PDF file.
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| 148 |
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| 149 |
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| 150 | Third-Party Libraries
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| 151 | ---------------------
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| 152 |
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| 153 | Xpdf uses the following libraries:
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| 154 | * FreeType [http://www.freetype.org/]
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| 155 | * libpng [http://www.libpng.com/pub/png/libpng.html] (used by pdftohtml
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| 156 | and pdftopng)
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| 157 | * zlib [http://zlib.net/] (used by pdftohtml)
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| 158 |
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| 159 |
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| 160 | Acknowledgments
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| 161 | ---------------
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| 162 |
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| 163 | Thanks to:
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| 164 |
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| 165 | * Patrick Voigt for help with the remote server code.
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| 166 | * Patrick Moreau, Martin P.J. Zinser, and David Mathog for the VMS
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| 167 | port.
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| 168 | * David Boldt and Rick Rodgers for sample man pages.
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| 169 | * Brendan Miller for the icon idea.
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| 170 | * Olly Betts for help testing pdftotext.
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| 171 | * Peter Ganten for the OS/2 port.
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| 172 | * Michael Richmond for the Win32 port of pdftops and pdftotext and the
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| 173 | xpdf/cygwin/XFree86 build instructions.
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| 174 | * Frank M. Siegert for improvements in the PostScript code.
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| 175 | * Leo Smiers for the decryption patches.
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| 176 | * Rainer Menzner for creating t1lib, and for helping me adapt it to
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| 177 | xpdf.
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| 178 | * Pine Tree Systems A/S for funding the OPI and EPS support in
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| 179 | pdftops.
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| 180 | * Easy Software Products for funding several improvements to the
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| 181 | PostScript output code.
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| 182 | * Tom Kacvinsky for help with FreeType and for being my interface to
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| 183 | the FreeType team.
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| 184 | * Theppitak Karoonboonyanan for help with Thai support.
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| 185 | * Leonard Rosenthol for help and contributions on a bunch of things.
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| 186 | * Alexandros Diamantidis and Maria Adaloglou for help with Greek
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| 187 | support.
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| 188 | * Lawrence Lai for help with the CJK Unicode maps.
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| 189 |
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| 190 | Various people have contributed modifications made for use by the
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| 191 | pdftex project:
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| 192 |
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| 193 | * Han The Thanh
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| 194 | * Martin Schröder of ArtCom GmbH
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| 195 |
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| 196 |
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| 197 | References
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| 198 | ----------
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| 199 |
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| 200 | Adobe Systems Inc., ISO 32000-1:2008, Document Management - Portable
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| 201 | document format - Part 1: PDF 1.7.
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| 202 | http://www.adobe.com/devnet/pdf/pdf_reference.html
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| 203 | [The manual for PDF version 1.7.]
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| 204 |
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| 205 | Adobe Systems Inc., Adobe Supplement to the ISO 32000, BaseVersion
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| 206 | 1.7, ExtensionLevel 3, June 2008.
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| 207 | http://www.adobe.com/devnet/pdf/pdf_reference.html
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| 208 | [Additions to the PDF 1.7 spec.]
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| 209 |
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| 210 | Adobe Systems Inc., Adobe Supplement to ISO 32000-1, BaseVersion 1.7,
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| 211 | ExtensionLevel 5, June 2009.
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| 212 | http://www.adobe.com/devnet/pdf/pdf_reference.html
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| 213 | [Additions to the PDF 1.7 spec.]
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| 214 |
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| 215 | Adobe Systems Inc., _PostScript Language Reference_, 3rd ed.
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| 216 | Addison-Wesley, 1999, ISBN 0-201-37922-8.
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| 217 | [The official PostScript manual.]
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| 218 |
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| 219 | Adobe Systems, Inc., _The Type 42 Font Format Specification_,
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| 220 | Adobe Developer Support Technical Specification #5012. 1998.
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| 221 | http://partners.adobe.com/asn/developer/pdfs/tn/5012.Type42_Spec.pdf
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| 222 | [Type 42 is the format used to embed TrueType fonts in PostScript
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| 223 | files.]
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| 224 |
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| 225 | Adobe Systems, Inc., _Adobe CMap and CIDFont Files Specification_,
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| 226 | Adobe Developer Support Technical Specification #5014. 1995.
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| 227 | http://www.adobe.com/supportservice/devrelations/PDFS/TN/5014.CIDFont_Spec.pdf
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| 228 | [CMap file format needed for Japanese and Chinese font support.]
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| 229 |
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| 230 | Adobe Systems, Inc., _Adobe-Japan1-4 Character Collection for
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| 231 | CID-Keyed Fonts_, Adobe Developer Support Technical Note #5078.
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| 232 | 2000.
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| 233 | http://partners.adobe.com/asn/developer/PDFS/TN/5078.CID_Glyph.pdf
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| 234 | [The Adobe Japanese character set.]
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| 235 |
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| 236 | Adobe Systems, Inc., _Adobe-GB1-4 Character Collection for
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| 237 | CID-Keyed Fonts_, Adobe Developer Support Technical Note #5079.
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| 238 | 2000.
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| 239 | http://partners.adobe.com/asn/developer/pdfs/tn/5079.Adobe-GB1-4.pdf
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| 240 | [The Adobe Chinese GB (simplified) character set.]
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| 241 |
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| 242 | Adobe Systems, Inc., _Adobe-CNS1-3 Character Collection for
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| 243 | CID-Keyed Fonts_, Adobe Developer Support Technical Note #5080.
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| 244 | 2000.
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| 245 | http://partners.adobe.com/asn/developer/PDFS/TN/5080.CNS_CharColl.pdf
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| 246 | [The Adobe Chinese CNS (traditional) character set.]
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| 247 |
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| 248 | Adobe Systems Inc., _Supporting the DCT Filters in PostScript Level
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| 249 | 2_, Adobe Developer Support Technical Note #5116. 1992.
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| 250 | http://www.adobe.com/supportservice/devrelations/PDFS/TN/5116.PS2_DCT.PDF
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| 251 | [Description of the DCTDecode filter parameters.]
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| 252 |
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| 253 | Adobe Systems Inc., _Open Prepress Interface (OPI) Specification -
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| 254 | Version 2.0_, Adobe Developer Support Technical Note #5660. 2000.
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| 255 | http://partners.adobe.com/asn/developer/PDFS/TN/5660.OPI_2.0.pdf
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| 256 |
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| 257 | Adobe Systems Inc., CMap files.
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| 258 | ftp://ftp.oreilly.com/pub/examples/nutshell/cjkv/adobe/
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| 259 | [The actual CMap files for the 16-bit CJK encodings.]
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| 260 |
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| 261 | Adobe Systems Inc., Unicode glyph lists.
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| 262 | http://partners.adobe.com/asn/developer/type/unicodegn.html
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| 263 | http://partners.adobe.com/asn/developer/type/glyphlist.txt
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| 264 | http://partners.adobe.com/asn/developer/type/corporateuse.txt
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| 265 | http://partners.adobe.com/asn/developer/type/zapfdingbats.txt
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| 266 | [Mappings between character names to Unicode.]
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| 267 |
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| 268 | Adobe Systems Inc., OpenType Specification v. 1.4.
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| 269 | http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/opentype/index_spec.html
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| 270 | [The OpenType font format spec.]
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| 271 |
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| 272 | Aldus Corp., _OPI: Open Prepress Interface Specification 1.3_. 1993.
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| 273 | http://partners.adobe.com/asn/developer/PDFS/TN/OPI_13.pdf
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| 274 |
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| 275 | Anonymous, RC4 source code.
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| 276 | ftp://ftp.ox.ac.uk/pub/crypto/misc/rc4.tar.gz
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| 277 | ftp://idea.sec.dsi.unimi.it/pub/crypt/code/rc4.tar.gz
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| 278 | [This is the algorithm used to encrypt PDF files.]
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| 279 |
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| 280 | T. Boutell, et al., "PNG (Portable Network Graphics) Specification,
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| 281 | Version 1.0". RFC 2083.
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| 282 | [PDF uses the PNG filter algorithms.]
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| 283 |
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| 284 | CCITT, "Information Technology - Digital Compression and Coding of
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| 285 | Continuous-tone Still Images - Requirements and Guidelines", CCITT
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| 286 | Recommendation T.81.
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| 287 | http://www.w3.org/Graphics/JPEG/
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| 288 | [The official JPEG spec.]
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| 289 |
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| 290 | A. Chernov, "Registration of a Cyrillic Character Set". RFC 1489.
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| 291 | [Documentation for the KOI8-R Cyrillic encoding.]
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| 292 |
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| 293 | Roman Czyborra, "The ISO 8859 Alphabet Soup".
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| 294 | http://czyborra.com/charsets/iso8859.html
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| 295 | [Documentation on the various ISO 859 encodings.]
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| 296 |
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| 297 | L. Peter Deutsch, "ZLIB Compressed Data Format Specification version
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| 298 | 3.3". RFC 1950.
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| 299 | [Information on the general format used in FlateDecode streams.]
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| 300 |
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| 301 | L. Peter Deutsch, "DEFLATE Compressed Data Format Specification
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| 302 | version 1.3". RFC 1951.
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| 303 | [The definition of the compression algorithm used in FlateDecode
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| 304 | streams.]
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| 305 |
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| 306 | Morris Dworkin, "Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation",
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| 307 | National Institute of Standards, NIST Special Publication 800-38A,
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| 308 | 2001.
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| 309 | [The cipher block chaining (CBC) mode used with AES in PDF files.]
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| 310 |
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| 311 | Federal Information Processing Standards Publication 197 (FIPS PUBS
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| 312 | 197), "Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)", November 26, 2001.
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| 313 | [AES encryption, used in PDF 1.6.]
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| 314 |
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| 315 | Jim Flowers, "X Logical Font Description Conventions", Version 1.5, X
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| 316 | Consortium Standard, X Version 11, Release 6.1.
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| 317 | ftp://ftp.x.org/pub/R6.1/xc/doc/hardcopy/XLFD/xlfd.PS.Z
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| 318 | [The official specification of X font descriptors, including font
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| 319 | transformation matrices.]
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| 320 |
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| 321 | Foley, van Dam, Feiner, and Hughes, _Computer Graphics: Principles and
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| 322 | Practice_, 2nd ed. Addison-Wesley, 1990, ISBN 0-201-12110-7.
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| 323 | [Colorspace conversion functions, Bezier spline math.]
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| 324 |
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| 325 | Robert L. Hummel, _Programmer's Technical Reference: Data and Fax
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| 326 | Communications_. Ziff-Davis Press, 1993, ISBN 1-56276-077-7.
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| 327 | [CCITT Group 3 and 4 fax decoding.]
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| 328 |
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| 329 | ISO/IEC, _Information technology -- Lossy/lossless coding of bi-level
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| 330 | images_. ISO/IEC 14492, First edition (2001-12-15).
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| 331 | http://webstore.ansi.org/
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| 332 | [The official JBIG2 standard. The final draft of this spec is
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| 333 | available from http://www.jpeg.org/jbighomepage.html.]
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| 334 |
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| 335 | ISO/IEC, _Information technology -- JPEG 2000 image coding system --
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| 336 | Part 1: Core coding system_. ISO/IEC 15444-1, First edition
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| 337 | (2000-12-15).
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| 338 | http://webstore.ansi.org/
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| 339 | [The official JPEG 2000 standard. The final committee draft of this
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| 340 | spec is available from http://www.jpeg.org/JPEG2000.html, but there
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| 341 | were changes made to the bitstream format between that draft and the
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| 342 | published spec.]
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| 343 |
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| 344 | ITU, "Standardization of Group 3 facsimile terminals for document
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| 345 | transmission", ITU-T Recommendation T.4, 1999.
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| 346 | ITU, "Facsimile coding schemes and coding control functions for Group 4
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| 347 | facsimile apparatus", ITU-T Recommendation T.6, 1993.
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| 348 | http://www.itu.int/
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| 349 | [The official Group 3 and 4 fax standards - used by the CCITTFaxDecode
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| 350 | stream, as well as the JBIG2Decode stream.]
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| 351 |
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| 352 | B. Kaliski, "PKCS #5: Password-Based Cryptography Specification,
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| 353 | Version 2.0". RFC 2898.
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| 354 | [Defines the padding scheme used with AES encryption in PDF files.]
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| 355 |
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| 356 | Christoph Loeffler, Adriaan Ligtenberg, George S. Moschytz, "Practical
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| 357 | Fast 1-D DCT Algorithms with 11 Multiplications". IEEE Intl. Conf. on
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| 358 | Acoustics, Speech & Signal Processing, 1989, 988-991.
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| 359 | [The fast IDCT algorithm used in the DCTDecode filter.]
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| 360 |
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| 361 | Microsoft, _TrueType 1.0 Font Files_, rev. 1.66. 1995.
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| 362 | http://www.microsoft.com/typography/tt/tt.htm
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| 363 | [The TrueType font spec (in MS Word format, naturally).]
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| 364 |
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| 365 | V. Ostromoukhov, R.D. Hersch, "Stochastic Clustered-Dot Dithering",
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| 366 | Conf. Color Imaging: Device-Independent Color, Color Hardcopy, and
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| 367 | Graphic Arts IV, 1999, SPIE Vol. 3648, 496-505.
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| 368 | http://diwww.epfl.ch/w3lsp/publications/colour/scd.html
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| 369 | [The stochastic dithering algorithm used in Xpdf.]
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| 370 |
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| 371 | P. Peterlin, "ISO 8859-2 (Latin 2) Resources".
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| 372 | http://sizif.mf.uni-lj.si/linux/cee/iso8859-2.html
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| 373 | [This is a web page with all sorts of useful Latin-2 character set and
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| 374 | font information.]
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| 375 |
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| 376 | Charles Poynton, "Color FAQ".
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| 377 | http://www.inforamp.net/~poynton/ColorFAQ.html
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| 378 | [The mapping from the CIE 1931 (XYZ) color space to RGB.]
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| 379 |
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| 380 | R. Rivest, "The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm". RFC 1321.
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| 381 | [MD5 is used in PDF document encryption.]
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| 382 |
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| 383 | Thai Industrial Standard, "Standard for Thai Character Codes for
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| 384 | Computers", TIS-620-2533 (1990).
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| 385 | http://www.nectec.or.th/it-standards/std620/std620.htm
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| 386 | [The TIS-620 Thai encoding.]
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| 387 |
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| 388 | Unicode Consortium, "Unicode Home Page".
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| 389 | http://www.unicode.org/
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| 390 | [Online copy of the Unicode spec.]
|
|---|
| 391 |
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| 392 | W3C Recommendation, "PNG (Portable Network Graphics) Specification
|
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| 393 | Version 1.0".
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| 394 | http://www.w3.org/Graphics/PNG/
|
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| 395 | [Defines the PNG image predictor.]
|
|---|
| 396 |
|
|---|
| 397 | Gregory K. Wallace, "The JPEG Still Picture Compression Standard".
|
|---|
| 398 | ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/jpeg/wallace.ps.gz
|
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| 399 | [Good description of the JPEG standard. Also published in CACM, April
|
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| 400 | 1991, and submitted to IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics.]
|
|---|
| 401 |
|
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| 402 | F. Yergeau, "UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646". RFC 2279.
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| 403 | [A commonly used Unicode encoding.]
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