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11 <Metadata name="pj.Title">Inward correspondence to Sir Apirana Ngata</Metadata>
12 <Metadata name="pj.Year">1937 - ?1970</Metadata>
13 <Metadata name="pj.Location">BRUCE BIGGS - Donations</Metadata>
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98UNIVERSITY OF WAIKATO LIBRARY INWARD CORRESPONDENCE TO SIR APIRANA NGATA NOVEMBER 2000 MICROFILM COMPUTER SCANNING BY: n DOCUMENT ENT COMPANY 110 129 lAt 1 &quot;--7274=., ..Ida no re
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158A Egmont Street, OHAKL'HE JUNCTICHZ. Yey 18, 1937. Sir Apirana Ngata. Dear Sir Apirana, I have to thank you for your letter of the' 13th. You need have no misgivings regards your criticism it is of the type which I welcome and which will be of great assistance to mci. I only wish I had received your kindly advice nt an earlier stare. By way of explanation rerarding some of your remarks I may say that I had in the first place intended only to record the Tainui history from the time of Hoturoa until the King :.:ovement as I feared the large amount of material which I had on hand would make the work too lengthy. However, later thought it better to make mention of the doings in ,Hawaiki in the form of an introduction. On this account the reference to Knee is therefore slight. You will observe that I have made no mention of Tawhaki's legend for the some reason. Again, should I deal fully with the Ha aikian angle I should probably find myself faced with a greater task than that of the post migration period. I have, however, often made enquiries regarding the Tainui traditions of Ha aiki but have had very little success. Lastly, to return to pe, I fear at the moment, I have nothing new to add that would help to clear the rather vexed question as to whther there were two men of that name or not. The best I could do, perhaps, would be to mention the respective traditions and point out the difference in the generations between the periods. I have a record of authorities which I had intended to embody in a list of acknowledgements tut these as you suggest, would be better placed throughout the text. The account of Taumatawiwi is an amended version of Gudgeon's story. I went over his account with Real Kukutai and carefully noted Remi's variations. The old fellow stated that the Ngati-Tipa story was that a messenger from :rata-Haua came by way of Maramarua informing them of the intended attac on the Thames people. As a result Waikato marched and joined Hgati-Eaua. Semi gave the following Waikato chiefs as having taken part in the action. Tiriwa, Hnuauru, Kukutai and :ani. He concluded by saying, that Waikato and Ngati-Haua would have suffered defeat but for the assistance of Npai-Te-Rangi. (worked reference to the chronological arrangement, I worked on whakapapa with the result that some events come in between connected stories. I might add. that the arrival at approximate dates proved a most tedious task. I first checked over the various tables paying due regard to the number cof females as compared with the number of males, from :.)))1 allowing 25 years to a generation. I then proceeded ' down the various tables until I arrived at people whe were contemporaneous with each other. You would, no doubt, have been surprised at some of the results I obtained.
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1892. I really cannot say lust how many times I was forced to go over and over again before I was any like satisfied. I then commenced checking backwards from men whose periods of time were known, Potatau, Te Rauenraanpa and so on. Again on reaching the position on the table where I had checked from above I discovered I was generations out. Then again, the number of generations in the Arawa line as compared with the Tainui line brought forward another problem. This in turn brought forward the vexed question as to whether Hoturoa, Hotuope, Hotuawhio and Hollimatapu, were really generations or brothers. Te Aoterangi states that they were brothers hereas most whakapapa experts today rive them as generations. I remember talking over this very question with Aehe at Te Kuiti. After mentioning Pomare and Te Aoterangi as contending that the various Hotu's were brothers and pointing out the drawn. difference, I asked his opinion. Ache would have none of it and after condemning the others as being taught incorrectly, he proved to his own satisfaction that the Hotu's were generations, by reciting his whakanapn in Waiata form. This argument is one which could be deli with more fully. Do you agree? One of the reasons why I have perhaps ignored accounts of other tribes was that I thought it best to avoid the repetition of already published accounts. I was perhaps, placing too much stress on the gathering of new material. Ore such account which could be dolt with much more fully is that dealing with the battle of Okoki. Percy-Smith has given a Taranaki version in his &quot;Taranaki Coast&quot; and &quot;Wars of the Nineteenth Century&quot; and which I have seen repeated by Cowen and others. The Waikato story differs considerably. I first heard it from 3ehuac74-er- ,46 burg of Kawhia but have since discussed it on 'any occasions at Huts. The account as related in my history is from Sehnackenburr and Aare Hotu. Whore Hotu was especially annoye,at Ad/Percy-Smith's account and claimed that the Taranaki people were ave4PrvApW. endeavouring to ma'e a near defeat appear as a victory. Cf '171L'4&quot;Urgt/21 linNgn2 too,JgMe qefgecare for fear that my 7,074/.-1 I have suspected for some time that the sacanceouro, ft f dea ri fh a c t raniapoto contains too much of the :gati-raniapoto aspect. received that story from Pechi Jones who claims it is correct' but on w the other hand there are these who sta'e that ia t obtained his chieftainship by stealth and than hericff1r usurped the position intended fois elder brother Te Mingarangi The account of Parekarau was received from Peehi Jones nst and it was he who described the blue pigment as a species of 1prhobo-eat. Perhaps he could notto mind the right word. gtaitrThanks however, for the information, I shall take careful note Thanks also for the information concerning Hikatamure. Arjoi4 ry information is that his name is Ikatamure. The account which I have recorded was obtained from old Pe Aoterangi's P/' Sin the possession of Ceo. Graham) and part from Greys &quot;Cpa mitt a nga Tupuna.&quot; Both of these give the name as Ikatamure but it is perhaps a variation. For example Ngati-17aniapoto have Hotuope; part of Waikato Hotuhope. Again Waikato and fr4461,,44of it.
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2203 Nrati-Maniapoto preserve Whatonga as Hatonga. While talking of Hatonga it trines to mind a rather vexed question. Nrati-Maniapoto whakapapas give what is to me an error. They give Toi as being before Tawhaki thus. Toi Hatonga Rakeiora Tahatiti Tana):iter&quot;npi Te Atitirauwhea Piro Kaitanrata Hema Tawhaki In Percy-Smith's &quot;Hawaiki&quot; are several references to Pacific island traditions placing Tawhaki prior to Kupe whose date is there given as 950 We then have Toi at 1150 So much for Smith's contention. The Npati-raniapoto table went on from Tawhaki several generations and came to Te Kuraimona, who was supposed to be a contemporary of Toi. In fact I have one Arawa table supplied by George Graham showing Te Kuraimonoa as being a wide of Toi. This apparent error I pointed out to Te TahunaHeran,71. and asked that if Toi lived at the time of Te Kuraimonoa, a descendant of Tawhaki, how then could he account for his table placing Toi as Tawhaki's ancestor. carhow./ Te Tahuna informed me that he had never considered that angle AdAyr-\_-7 but now that I had pointed it out he thought I was correct. d'e'A4r' The same whakapapa was vouched for by Pep-me :ketoneand Hone AL-WA Hetete. There is another portion of the Tainui history which I have considered well worthy of enlarging and that is the part played by the tangata-whenua. Apart from the final extermination at Atiamuri I have been unable to tring to light anything new and always find myself going back to the already published material in the &quot;Kauae-raro&quot; which after all was not from Tainui authorities at all. The actual extermination of these people in so far as the Tainui tribes were concerned was however, an important part of their colonization and I should perhaps have stressed it more. The gap in the history which exists from the time of the settlement down to say Motai, has also caused me some misgivings. fronts of importance other than actual wars, must no doubt, have taken place during that period. Do you think it would be fitting to insert there a description of the Tainui territory? The account dealing with Wharetiki was obtained from Mr. Schnackenburg and from Yrs. Pareururangi Downs, the actual waiata being from Te Kanawa of Kawhia. I might add here that the translations of this and other songs have been one of my greatest difficulties. In the first place my knowledge of the Maori language is far from perfect, I cannot speak it fluently. Consuently when attempting the translations of
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2514. ?-- songs I arm myself with a dictionarydaeot72 over it. In Wharetiki's lament I have translation altered in part where I consgnd,.t/tierwr through not knowing the actual story. portion r been onil the translation is by Peehi Jones. I have unfortunately unable to place Wharetiki in any whakapapa table. If so and any relationship was found with Te Ati-:.era, then the line &quot;Ma to whare Ati-Awa. world no doubt refer to that tribe being expected to take revenge for his (kharetiki's ) death. Smith translates in that f&quot;shion but it must be remembered that he was dealing with Te Rauparia. I should be very pleased to include Tairawhiti tables connecting with Turongo and Kahinarangi but as I have no source of information I should be forced to prevail upon you if I am not asking too much. Ky big difficulty right throughout has been that my occupation (a railway fireman) does not permit me to travel about much. Consequently I have to make the most of my annual leave which I usually spend in Igaruawahia and other parts of Waikato. I have missed several really good opportunities through not being able to take time off to attend hull etc. Just now I am really worse off than before. Ohakune is so isolated from the seat of my studies and so badly off for want of a good library. I have two large sheets of Tainui whakapapa tables and will forward these to you if you care to look them over. The actual Tainui parts I have checked over on many occasions but the East Coast and Taranaki portions will bear looking over. I have held these tables awaiting the arrival from. Ngaruawahia of a part showing the descent of Tc Hiakai. Percy-Smith shows him as being a son of Te Uira but I now understand that this is wrong. This information came from the two old canoe builders engaged by Te Puea. Both stated that Te Hi kai was a young man when killed, had no issue and was not the son of Te Uira. Who then was Te t'ira? Apparently an uncle. The Chapter dealing with the Kaori King was obtained in the first place from Peehi Jones but since sending the r..S to Fr. Reed, I unearthed new material which I later forwarded. This material was obtained from a written by the father cf Yrs. Pareururongi Downs. I also have seen. Te Tahuma Herangi .who gave the information concerning Piri Kawau. I had some difficulty in translating Pctatau's two songs. Do you by any chance think I have succeeded in revealing the actual meaning? The translation of these songs have proved P source of worry' and I should therefore be only too pleased to have you pointout any errors. Lastly, may I thank you again for your kindly interest and advice and assure you that I will do my best to follow in the lines you have indicated. &quot;WW1 r/Wide-- Yours very sincerely, tve- tat4, 4. '1616f
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282LIST OF AUTHORITIES. HAWAIKI Percy-Smith. Te Tahuna Heranri. Remi Kukutai. MIGRATION To Tahuna Meranri, Pei Jones, Te Aoterangi, George Graham, John White. SETTLEGNET Te Aoterangi, Schnackenturg, George Graham, Otorohanga Land Court Records. , TAWHAO Schnackenburr. , -, ' - / WHATIHUA TURONGO -.,:ei Jones, SchnackenbUrg, Tukorehu. 9., Tonpatea Pei Jones, Ache, Wrnha. RUAIUTIOA Pei Jones, Schnackenburg. \_\_ ! KAIAHI Pei Jones. Hruha. ATAIORCNGO Te Aoteranri. George Graham. TA:.&quot;.AAIO Pei Jones. :!hare Bell. HOTUNUI Grey. Georre Graham, Tukumana, Pikiao Pei Jones. George Graham. Pei Jones. George Graham. Te Aoterangi. KOKAKO TAMAIMPO Pei Jones, Nruha, Ache, John White. TANGATA-WHENUA Pei Jones, Otorohanpa Land Court Records. WAIRANGI Poi Jones, ParenrurangiDowns. , , Tuparahaki Pei Jones, Maui Pomare./..:. ,-.4( .,., ilt : Tupahau Pei Jones, Dcuha, Ache, Percy-Smith. / Paoa George Graham, Tukumana, Grey. / MANIAPOTO HISTORY. Pei Jones, Where Hotu, Tukorehu, Schnackenbum: Te Aoterangi. KAVOIIA HISTORY Pei Jones, Schnackenburg, Te Kanawa, arse Edwards, Whitiora, Percy-Smith, George Graham, Te Aoteranri. Where and Tapaue Te Puea, Remi KUlutai, Te Tahuna Herangi, Pei Jones. Papaka Te ruea, Remi Kukutai, Pei Jones, John White. Te Putu Remi Kukutai, Te Thee. TAwHIAXITERANGI 'Pe Puce, Remi Kukutai, We Tahuna Herangi. Maki George Graham, Te Aoterangi. Tutunui Pei Jones, Semi Kukutai. MAUNGATAUTARI VARAYUI. Pei Jones, ,udreon. HINGAKAKA Percy-Smith, George Graham, Te Aoteranri, Woke HUkanui. Wharetiki Schnackenburg, Te Kanawa, arae Edwards. TAUTEPO Schnackenburp, Pei Jones. TARANAKI WARS Percy-Smith, Remi Kukutai, Te Fuea, Tukorehu, Te Tahuna Heranri. Maori King. Pei Jonas, Pareururanri Downs, Te Puca, Te Tahuna Herangi, James Cowan. John Gorst. The above is a list from memory giving my sources of information You will observe that I have relied mostly on nativ account. 'o,414 4,6 ge, 77=t -4-aw
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313Egmont Street, OHAKUNE JUTION. April 24, 1937. Sir Apirana Ngata, E koro, term koe. You will no doubt have received by this time, a communication from A. H. Reed, publisher, regarding an of mine on the history of the. Tainui tribes. I understand that you are aware that I have been working or. Tainui history for several years and. I regret that I have not before had an opportunity of communicating with you. I forwarded the to A. H. Reed in responce to a circular received from them asking for historical material but their reply was that the demand for such a book was unfortunately, rot great enough to give them e return for the cost of printing, and. they asked for information regarding any Government money available for such a purpose. Having the 1&quot;.aori Hoard of Ethnological ;:esearch in mind, I referred them to rou and at my suggestion. they agreed to take the to you. I should be honoured if you would spare some of your valuable time and look it over. The compiling of history is r. tedious task and in spite of the greatest care, errors must, no doubt, creep in. In this respect I should be only too pleased, should you discover any, for you to point them out. You will observe that the is not quite complete. There are two whakapapa tables, two maps and several photographs yet to be sent doom but this will be ready before long. Tainui end its history has, I feel, been neglected too long, in spite of the efforts of John White and others. It is in fact, in danger of being lost for all time, unless some effort is made to place it on record. As it is, the material gathered by me is not from one men, tut history gathered in little bits from first ore kaumatua and then another. In fact, I feel I can say with confidence that no man in Tainui today knows the history of the tribe in anything like its complete form. I can fully aptareciate the difficulties of Publication but if you can suggest a practicable means, then my il: will not have been in vain. I take also, at this moment, the opportunity of sending you a Yaori song, which if you have not already in your possession should be useful for your &quot;Nra loteatea&quot; collections. The son, in question is from 7ge-Puhi and was composed by luriketuku on' the death of her husband, Hongi With aroha nui, Nit to mokai. 4. dt..j
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344DUN.N pi REED 93 7 ST. Box 330 DIAL 139 MELO BOOKSELLER u.-r III LS 7 IT ,4 1-4 vn+ BOOKSELLER PUBLISHER 1ellin ton, 16th April 1937 The Hoir Apirana Ngsta,Kt., Wellinton. Dear Sir, Loslie G. Kelly hos submitted to us his MS. of the History of the Tainui Tribe. He has evidently put a groat deal of resoarch work into obtaining the tribal history, and has been assisted by 2rIncess To Puea and the elders of the tribe, and has also gather information from various printed sources. You may perhaps know that we ore interested in the production of such works of historical row alond interest, and the fostering of literature on such subjects, and we should very much like to be associated in the production and distribution of Ur Kelly's e,eellent and valuable material. Unfortunately, it is impoosible to do so without assistance of some kind, as such a lengthy book would not repay the cost of printing owing to its comparatively small sale, though if we had the opportunity of doing so we would be prepared to use all our resources for the effective marketing of the book. 'le understand that r Graham has mentioned this book to you, and we should very much aopreciate the opportunity of submitting the I's. to you, knowing of your interest in such matters, and to discuss the
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375-2- position with you. If a Government grant were it would ennhle ua to per2etunte these records which are of ouch value. I shall be ir,rntoful of any opportunity that you can accord me to discuss this matter with you. I have the honour to be, Sir. Your obedient servant,
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380</Archive>
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