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14 <Metadata name="Page_topic">16th century England Tudor England FAQ Frequently Asked Questions about Tudor England</Metadata>
15 <Metadata name="Content">16th century England Tudor England FAQ Frequently Asked Questions about Tudor England</Metadata>
16 <Metadata name="Author">Marilee Mongello</Metadata>
17 <Metadata name="Title">Tudor England FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions about Tudor England</Metadata>
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19 <Metadata name="URL">http://englishhistory.net/tudor/faq.html</Metadata>
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23 <Metadata name="lastmodifieddate">20140131</Metadata>
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25 <Metadata name="oailastmodifieddate">20140131</Metadata>
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38&lt;table height=&quot;601&quot; cellpadding=&quot;3&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; border=&quot;0&quot;&gt;
39 &lt;tbody&gt;
40 &lt;tr&gt;
41 &lt;td width=&quot;14%&quot; height=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
42 &lt;/td&gt;
43 &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;71%&quot; height=&quot;2&quot;&gt;
44 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
45 &lt;br&gt;
46 &lt;/td&gt;
47 &lt;td width=&quot;15%&quot; height=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
48 &lt;/td&gt;
49 &lt;/tr&gt;
50 &lt;tr&gt;
51 &lt;td width=&quot;14%&quot; height=&quot;21&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
52 &lt;/td&gt;
53 &lt;td width=&quot;71%&quot; height=&quot;21&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
54 &lt;/td&gt;
55 &lt;td width=&quot;15%&quot; height=&quot;21&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
56 &lt;/td&gt;
57 &lt;/tr&gt;
58 &lt;tr&gt;
59 &lt;td width=&quot;14%&quot; height=&quot;610&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
60 &lt;/td&gt;
61 &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;71%&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#ffffff&quot; height=&quot;610&quot;&gt;
62 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
63&lt;br&gt;
64&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot;
65 src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/faqnew.gif&quot; width=&quot;621&quot;
66 height=&quot;129&quot; alt=&quot;Tudor England FAQ Frequently Asked Questions&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
67 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot; size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Simply click on
68a question and you will be taken to the answer.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
69 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
70 &lt;p&gt;
71 &lt;img border=&quot;2&quot; src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/imagesbw.jpg&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; alt=&quot;black-and-white version of the van de Passe etching of Queen Elizabeth I&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; height=&quot;313&quot;&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Top&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot; size=&quot;+1&quot;&gt;General
72Questions&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;
73 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
74 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#One&quot;&gt;Who were the
75Tudors?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;
76 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
77 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Two&quot;&gt;When did they rule
78England?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;
79 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
80 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Three&quot;&gt;Why are they so
81famous?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;
82 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
83 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Four&quot;&gt;What did they
84accomplish?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;
85 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
86 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Five&quot;&gt;Can you give me a
87brief history of Tudor England?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
88 &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
89 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Tree&quot;&gt;Where can I view
90the Tudor family tree?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;
91 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
92 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Six&quot;&gt;Where can I look
93at portraits of the Tudors?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;
94 &lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Rose&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font
95 face=&quot;Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif&quot;&gt;What is the 'Tudor Rose'?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
96 &lt;p&gt;
97 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
98 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Fourty-nine&quot;&gt;Does this
99website have a search engine?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;
100 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
101 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Fifty&quot;&gt;I am quoting
102from this website for my paper / report.&amp;nbsp; How do I correctly cite
103the source?&lt;br&gt;
104 &lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Update&quot;&gt;When
105was the site last updated?&lt;br&gt;
106 &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
107 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;+1&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;Specific Questions&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
108 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Seven&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
109Was Henry VII really a miser?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a
110 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Eight&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
111Did Elizabeth of York really hate Henry VII?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a
112 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Nine&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
113Did Prince Arthur and Katharine of Aragon consummate their marriage?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
114 &lt;/p&gt;
115 &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
116 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Ten&quot;&gt;Why did Henry VIII
117have six wives?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
118 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
119 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Ten-a&quot;&gt;Who were the six
120wives?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
121 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
122 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Eleven&quot;&gt;Did Henry VIII
123really murder all his wives?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
124 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
125 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Eleven-a&quot;&gt;What was the
126'King's Great Matter'?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
127 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
128 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Eleven-b&quot;&gt;What was the
129Reformation?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
130 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
131 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Twelve&quot;&gt;How did Henry
132VIII die?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
133 &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt; &lt;a
134 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Thirteen&quot;&gt;How did
135Katharine of Aragon die?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;
136 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt; &lt;a
137 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Thirteena&quot;&gt;Why do you
138spell Katharine's name as you do?&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp; (And why do you spell
139Catherine Howard and Katharine Parr's differently?)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
140 &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
141 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Fourteen&quot;&gt;Was Anne
142Boleyn really a witch?&amp;nbsp; Did she have an extra finger?&amp;nbsp; Did
143she really commit adultery and have an incestuous affair with her
144brother?&amp;nbsp; How many times was she pregnant as Queen?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
145 &lt;br&gt;
146 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
147 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Fifteen&quot;&gt;Where is Anne
148Boleyn buried?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
149 &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
150 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Sixteen&quot;&gt;Did Jane
151Seymour die of complications from a Caesarean section?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
152 &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
153 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Seventeen&quot;&gt;Was Anne of
154Cleves really that ugly?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
155 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
156 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Eighteen&quot;&gt;What happened
157to Anne of Cleves after Henry divorced her?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
158 &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
159 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Nineteen&quot;&gt;Did Catherine
160Howard commit adultery while Queen of England?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
161 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
162 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Twenty&quot;&gt;Where is
163Catherine Howard buried?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
164 &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
165 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Twenty-one&quot;&gt;How many
166times was Katharine Parr married?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
167 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
168 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Twenty-two&quot;&gt;Was
169Katharine Parr imprisoned by Henry VIII?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
170 &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
171 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Twenty-three&quot;&gt;What
172happened to Henry VIII's sisters, Margaret and Mary Tudor?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
173 &lt;/p&gt;
174 &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
175 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Twenty-four&quot;&gt;Did Henry
176VIII execute a lot of people?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
177 &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
178 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Twenty-five&quot;&gt;Did Henry
179VIII have a legitimate reason to divorce Katharine of Aragon?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
180 &lt;/p&gt;
181 &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
182 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Twenty-six&quot;&gt;How did
183Edward VI die?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
184 &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
185 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Six-a&quot;&gt;Who is the 'Nine
186Days Queen'?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
187 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
188 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Twenty-seven&quot;&gt;Did Lady
189Jane Grey want to be Queen of England?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
190 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
191 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Twenty-eight&quot;&gt;Did Lady
192Jane Grey love her husband?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
193 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
194 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Twenty-nine&quot;&gt;Where is
195Lady Jane Grey buried?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
196 &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
197 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Thirty&quot;&gt;Why is Mary I
198called 'Bloody Mary'?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
199 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
200 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Thirty-a&quot;&gt;Are there two
201Mary Tudors at this site?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
202 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
203 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Thirty-one&quot;&gt;Did Mary I
204really hate her half-sister, Elizabeth?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
205 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
206 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Thirty-two&quot;&gt;Was Mary I
207ever pregnant during her marriage to Philip of Spain?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
208 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
209 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Thirty-three&quot;&gt;What were
210Mary I's last words?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
211 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
212 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Thirty-four&quot;&gt;Where is
213Mary I buried?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
214 &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
215 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Thirty-five&quot;&gt;Was
216Elizabeth I truly a great queen - or did her ministers do all the work?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
217 &lt;br&gt;
218 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
219 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Thirty-six&quot;&gt;How smart
220was Elizabeth I?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
221 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
222 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Thirty-seven&quot;&gt;Did
223Elizabeth ever plan to marry anyone?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
224 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
225 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Thirty-eight&quot;&gt;Was
226Elizabeth really a 'Virgin Queen'?&amp;nbsp; Did she have secret lovers
227and/or children?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
228 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
229 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Thirty-nine&quot;&gt;Why is the
2301588 battle with the Spanish Armada so famous?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
231 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
232 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Fourty&quot;&gt;Why are there
233so many portraits of Elizabeth I?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
234 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
235 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Fourty-one&quot;&gt;Where is
236Elizabeth I buried?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
237 &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
238 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Fourty-two&quot;&gt;Why was
239Mary, queen of Scots a prisoner in England?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
240 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
241 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Fourty-two-a&quot;&gt;How long
242was Mary, queen of Scots a prisoner in England?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
243 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
244 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Fourty-three&quot;&gt;Are Mary,
245queen of Scots and Mary Tudor the same person?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
246 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
247 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Fourty-four&quot;&gt;Why did
248Elizabeth I have Mary, queen of Scots killed?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
249 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
250 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Fourty-five&quot;&gt;Was Mary,
251queen of Scots guilty of the crimes for which she was executed?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
252 &lt;br&gt;
253 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt; &lt;a
254 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Fourty-six&quot;&gt;Where is
255Mary, queen of Scots buried?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;
256 &lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Fourty-sixa&quot;&gt;Why
257is Mary, queen of Scots's last name sometimes spelled 'Stewart' and
258other times 'Stuart'?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;a
259 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Fourty-sixa&quot;&gt; &lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
260 &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
261 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Fourty-seven&quot;&gt;Why did
262Elizabeth I leave her throne to James I of Scotland?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
263 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;a
264 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Fourty-eight&quot;&gt;What
265dynasty followed the Tudors?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
266 &lt;blockquote&gt;
267 &lt;hr width=&quot;100%&quot;&gt; &lt;/blockquote&gt;
268 &lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;
269 &lt;a name=&quot;One&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Who were the
270Tudors?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
271 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;The Tudors were a Welsh-English
272family that ruled England from 1485 to 1603.&amp;nbsp; Henry Tudor was the
273son of Margaret Beaufort, who was descended from King Edward III
274through an illegitimate line, and Edmund Tudor, the son of Princess
275Catherine of Valois and her second husband, Owen Tudor.&amp;nbsp; Through
276Catherine of Valois, Jasper was the half-brother of the last
277Lancastrian king, Henry VI.&amp;nbsp; The Yorkist branch of the Plantagenet
278dynasty would eventually seize the throne from the incompetent Henry
279VI, but their reign ended when Richard III was killed at the battle of
280Bosworth Field on 22 August 1485.&amp;nbsp; Henry Tudor then claimed the
281throne as King Henry VII.&amp;nbsp; He promptly married Elizabeth of York,
282daughter of the only successful Yorkist king, Edward IV, and niece of
283Richard III.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
284 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Henry VII and Elizabeth of York's
285second son, three of their grandchildren and one of their
286great-grandchildren, would rule England as part of the Tudor
287dynasty.&amp;nbsp; When their rule ended, the throne passed to the Scottish
288branch of their family - James I was the great-grandson of their
289daughter, Margaret Tudor.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
290 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Visit &lt;a
291 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=0&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fgenealog.html&quot;&gt;Tudor Genealogy&lt;/a&gt;
292for more information.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
293 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
294 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
295&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
296 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Two&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;When did
297they rule England?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
298 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;The Tudors ruled England from 1485
299to 1603.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
300 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
301 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
302&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
303 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Three&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Why are
304they so famous?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
305 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;The Tudors are famous because their
306dynasty was full of colorful characters and big events.&amp;nbsp; Henry
307VIII and his six wives.... the English reformation.... the tragic tale
308of Lady Jane Grey.... the great intelligence of Elizabeth I and the
309artistic accomplishments of her reign....&amp;nbsp; During the sixteenth
310century, England emerged from the medieval world.&amp;nbsp; It was a time
311of great change, most notably it marked the end of the Catholic church
312in England.&amp;nbsp; There was an attendant rise in nationalism, a new
313spirit of confidence and patriotism swept the country.&amp;nbsp; Great
314naval exploits began the great English seafaring tradition.&amp;nbsp;
315Whether as pirates or officers or explorers, Elizabethan sailors
316controlled the seas.&amp;nbsp; And besides the political and religious
317changes, the Tudors themselves were interesting and complex people.&lt;/font&gt;
318 &lt;br&gt;
319 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
320 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
321&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
322 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Four&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;What did
323they accomplish?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
324 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;The Tudors were able to establish
325England as a world power.&amp;nbsp; They did so by positioning their
326country as a peace-maker between the dueling powers of France and
327Spain/the Holy Roman Empire.&amp;nbsp; They also gave England a century of
328dynastic stability.&amp;nbsp; With the exception of Lady Jane Grey's brief
329reign and Catholic attempts to place Mary, queen of Scots on Elizabeth
330I's throne, most Tudor monarchs came to the throne - and remained on
331the throne - unchallenged.&amp;nbsp; This lengthy period of peace allowed
332England a much-needed respite from the Lancastrian-Yorkist wars.&amp;nbsp;
333Government ran more efficiently; royal power replaced that of
334aristocrats and there was a uniform system of justice and taxation
335throughout the country.&amp;nbsp; And, as always in times of peace, the
336arts flourished.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
337 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
338 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
339&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
340 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Five&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Can you
341give me a brief history of Tudor England?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
342 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Tudor England began when Henry VII
343became king in 1485.&amp;nbsp; There were five Tudor monarchs, not counting
344Lady Jane Grey who ruled for just nine days.&amp;nbsp; The monarchs were,
345in order, Henry VII (ruled from 1485 to 1509), his son Henry VIII
346(ruled from 1509 to 1547), Edward VI, son of Henry VIII (ruled from
3471547 to 1553), Mary I, daughter of Henry VIII (ruled from 1553 to
3481558), and Elizabeth I, daughter of Henry VIII (ruled from 1558 to
3491603.)&amp;nbsp; The most powerful Tudor monarchs were Henry VIII and
350Elizabeth I, though she was far more beloved of the English
351people.&amp;nbsp; Both were powerful personalities who were able to control
352their squabbling councilors and answer the demands of an increasingly
353vocal Parliament.&amp;nbsp; Under Henry VII, the English government came to
354be more stabilized and centralized.&amp;nbsp; Under Henry VIII, English
355authority was tested on the Continent, though even military victories
356were too costly to maintain.&amp;nbsp; A great victory over Scotland early
357in his reign (1513) was most notable; the attendant confusion of its
358northern neighbor was beneficial for England.&amp;nbsp; Henry VIII's
359desperate quest for a legitimate heir led to &lt;a
360 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Eleven-b&quot;&gt;the
361Reformation&lt;/a&gt;; this was the end of the Catholic church's authority in
362England.&amp;nbsp; The king, unable to obtain an annulment, declared
363himself Supreme Head of a new English church.&amp;nbsp; He also sold or
364destroyed most church property in England.&amp;nbsp; His son, Edward VI,
365was just a child when he inherited the throne but already known for his
366piety and serious nature.&amp;nbsp; His councilors continued to strengthen
367the Protestant state, but their plans were dashed when Edward died at
36816 years of age.&amp;nbsp; An attempt to place his Protestant cousin, Lady
369Jane Grey, on the throne instead of the Catholic Princess Mary
370failed.&amp;nbsp; Mary was declared queen to great acclaim; she was
371originally very popular even with the Protestants.&amp;nbsp; But a policy
372of religious persecution, a hated marriage with Philip of Spain, and
373bad agricultural conditions (as well as the debt she had inherited from
374her father and brother) soon made Mary broken-hearted and
375disliked.&amp;nbsp; She was succeeded by her half-sister, Elizabeth, who
376was a religious pragmatist and passionately devoted to her
377country.&amp;nbsp; Elizabeth's policy of toleration was extended to both
378the religious and political spheres.&amp;nbsp; Above all else, she avoided
379extremism at all costs.&amp;nbsp; She often prevaricated over major
380decisions, unwilling to commit to an action before all diplomatic
381attempts failed.&amp;nbsp; This infuriated many of her advisors, but it
382also gave her country the religious and political peace it needed to
383thrive.&amp;nbsp; Her reign was marked by the great victory over the
384Spanish Armada in 1588, the artistic achievements of men such as
385Shakespeare and Bacon, and English exploration and colonization of
386North America.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;
387 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
388 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
389 &lt;br&gt;
390 &lt;/p&gt;
391 &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Tree&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Where can I view the
392Tudor family tree?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;
393 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;Visit the &lt;a
394 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fgenealogy.html&quot;&gt;Tudor Genealogy&lt;/a&gt;
395site.&amp;nbsp; It has a graphic image of the family tree and a more
396detailed text genealogy.&lt;br&gt;
397 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
398 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
399 &lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;
400 &lt;/p&gt;
401 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Six&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Where can I
402look at portraits of the Tudors?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
403 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;You can visit the &lt;a
404 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=0&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fwww.marileecody.com%2fimages.html&quot;&gt;Images&lt;/a&gt; section of my
405site.&amp;nbsp; You can also visit &lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=0&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2ftudorhistory.org&quot;&gt;Tudorhistory.org&lt;/a&gt;
406and &lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=0&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fwww.tudor-portraits.com&quot;&gt;Tudor-portraits.com&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt;
407 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
408 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
409 &lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;
410 &lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Rose&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;What
411is the 'Tudor Rose'?&lt;br&gt;
412 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif&quot;&gt;The Tudor
413Rose is the most famous symbol of the Tudor dynasty. &amp;nbsp;You can see
414a beautiful example of it on &lt;a
415 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor.html&quot;&gt;the main page&lt;/a&gt;.
416&amp;nbsp;It shows the petals of a red rose enfolding the petals of a white
417rose. &amp;nbsp;The red rose was the symbol of the House of Lancaster and
418the white rose was the symbol of the House of York. &amp;nbsp;Henry VII was
419the first Tudor king and a Lancastrian. &amp;nbsp;He married Princess
420Elizabeth of York. &amp;nbsp; Their marriage was the literal union of both
421houses, symbolized by the new 'Tudor Rose'. &amp;nbsp;Also, the Wars of the
422Roses were thus called because they represented the 15th century
423struggle between Lancaster and York for the throne of England. &amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt;
424 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
425 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;
426 &lt;/p&gt;
427 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt; &lt;img height=&quot;225&quot;
428 alt=&quot;sketch of Henry Tudor while he was exiled in France&quot;
429 src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/henry7faq.jpg&quot; width=&quot;165&quot;
430 border=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
431 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot; size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;sketch of the
432future King Henry VII while he was exiled in France&lt;br&gt;
433 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
434 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Seven&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Was Henry
435VII really a miser?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
436 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Henry VII, the first Tudor king, was
437tight-fisted with money.&amp;nbsp; His tax inspectors were notorious and
438despised.&amp;nbsp; However, the English treasury was nearly empty after
439years of wars.&amp;nbsp; Henry was determined to create a stable government
440and all governments need money to run.&amp;nbsp; It became something of an
441obsession with him, particularly in his later years.&amp;nbsp; But to his
442credit, he left a healthy treasury to his son and heir, Henry VIII -
443which the latter promptly spent.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
444 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;To learn more about Henry VII, &lt;a
445 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fmonarchs%2fhenry7.html&quot;&gt;visit his
446website&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
447 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
448 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
449&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
450 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Eight&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Did
451Elizabeth of York really hate Henry VII?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
452 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Many authors have argued that
453Elizabeth hated Henry because he took the throne from her family and
454she was forced to marry him.&amp;nbsp; But all the contemporary accounts I
455have read indicate they had a pleasant enough marriage.&amp;nbsp; Henry VII
456never had an affair and he genuinely mourned her death in 1503.&amp;nbsp;
457Elizabeth's life as queen was primarily domestic.&amp;nbsp; Her motto
458'Humble and Reverent' sums up her character.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
459 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
460 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
461&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
462 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Nine&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Did Prince
463Arthur and Katharine of Aragon consummate their marriage?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
464 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;This question was very important
465during Henry VIII's reign.&amp;nbsp; He said his marriage to Katharine
466should be annulled because she had been his brother's wife.&amp;nbsp; He
467disregarded the papal dispensation which had given them permission to
468wed in 1509 by arguing that the Pope could not disregard the Bible
469itself.&amp;nbsp; There are passages in Leviticus which specifically forbid
470a man taking his brother's wife as his own.&amp;nbsp; Katharine swore that
471she and Arthur had never consummated their marriage, as did her duenna.&lt;/font&gt;
472 &lt;br&gt;
473 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;I have to support Katharine of
474Aragon on this one; her marriage to Arthur probably wasn't
475consummated.&amp;nbsp; They were both young and Arthur was already very
476ill.&amp;nbsp; Also, Katharine was deeply pious; it is difficult to believe
477she would lie to a papal legate about such a thing.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
478 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
479 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
480 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt; &lt;img height=&quot;204&quot;
481 alt=&quot;portrait of King Henry VIII, c1542&quot;
482 src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/henry8faq1.jpg&quot; width=&quot;165&quot;
483 border=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
484 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot; size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;portrait of King
485Henry VIII, c1542&lt;br&gt;
486 &lt;/font&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
487 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Ten&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Why did
488Henry VIII have six wives?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
489 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Henry had six wives because....&lt;/font&gt;
490 &lt;br&gt;
491 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;He had the first wife because he was
492betrothed to her by his father.&amp;nbsp; He had the second wife because he
493fell in love and also needed a legitimate male heir.&amp;nbsp; He had the
494third wife because he still needed a male heir.&amp;nbsp; He had the fourth
495wife because of diplomatic reasons.&amp;nbsp; He had the fifth wife because
496he fell in love again.&amp;nbsp; He had the sixth wife because he was old
497and sick and grouchy and needed a companion and nurse who wouldn't give
498him too much trouble.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
499 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;a
500 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fmonarchs%2fwives.html&quot;&gt;To learn
501more about Henry VIII's six wives, visit their website.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;
502 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
503 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
504&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
505 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Ten-a&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Who were
506the six wives?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
507 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;They were (in order) Katharine of
508Aragon, Anne Boleyn, Jane Seymour, Anne of Cleves, Catherine Howard and
509Katharine Parr.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
510 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
511 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
512&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
513 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Eleven&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Did Henry
514VIII really murder all his wives?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
515 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;No, only two of the six wives were
516executed - the second wife, Anne Boleyn, and the fifth wife, Catherine
517Howard.&amp;nbsp; His first wife died of natural causes.&amp;nbsp; His third
518wife died from childbirth complications.&amp;nbsp; His fourth wife was
519divorced and outlived him.&amp;nbsp; And the sixth wife outlived him as
520well.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
521 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
522 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
523&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
524 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Eleven-a&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;What
525was the 'King's Great Matter'?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
526 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;This refers to Henry VIII's attempts
527to annul his marriage Katharine of Aragon and marry Anne Boleyn.&amp;nbsp;
528It consumed several years of his reign. &amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;big&gt;&lt;font
529 face=&quot;Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
530 &lt;font size=&quot;3&quot;&gt;It also involved the dissolution of all Catholic
531monasteries in England.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br&gt;
532 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
533 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
534&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
535 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Eleven-b&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;What
536was the Reformation?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
537 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;The Reformation refers to a period
538in the early 16th century in which the Roman Catholic Church was
539challenged by a new form of Christianity collectively known as
540Protestantism.&amp;nbsp; The Catholic Church was both a religious and
541political institution; by the 16th century, corruption was widespread
542and many Christians were disappointed in the excesses and abuses of
543church leaders.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
544 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;The Reformation began in 1517 when a
545German priest named Martin Luther posted his Ninety-five Theses on the
546door of a royal church in Wittenberg.&amp;nbsp; Luther did not want to
547start a new religion; he merely wanted to reform the papacy.&amp;nbsp;
548However, a few years later, Pope Leo X excommunicated him.&amp;nbsp;
549Luther's main philosophical idea was 'justification by faith', the idea
550that salvation is granted as a gift through God's grace and not through
551a priestly intermediary.&amp;nbsp; He also advocated marriage for the
552clergy.&amp;nbsp; His ideas were revolutionary and scandalous, but also
553very popular.&amp;nbsp; They represented an attempt to bring religious
554faith back to the people and end long-standing corruption within the
555church.&amp;nbsp; But the doctrine of 'justification by faith' also sharply
556curtailed the church's power over spirituality, making it a matter of
557personal debate and belief.&amp;nbsp; As Lady Jane Grey, the Nine Days'
558Queen of England, wrote of her Protestant faith in 1554, 'I ground my
559faith upon God's word, and not upon the church....&amp;nbsp; The faith of
560the church must be tried by God's word, and not God's word by the
561church; neither yet my faith.'&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
562 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;In England, the Reformation was
563mainly associated with Henry VIII's attempts to annul his marriage to
564Katharine of Aragon.&amp;nbsp; When the papacy refused to annul their union
565due to the political pressure of Katharine's nephew, Holy Roman Emperor
566Charles V, Henry was outraged.&amp;nbsp; He spent several years attempting
567to persuade the pope to change his mind.&amp;nbsp; In the end, he simply
568declared himself Supreme Head of the Church of England and confiscated
569all church lands and money in his country.&amp;nbsp; This is known to
570history as 'the dissolution of the monasteries.' &amp;nbsp;However, Henry
571VIII remained a spiritual Catholic; he disliked Luther's ideas and was
572never a Protestant himself.&amp;nbsp; He simply rejected Roman Catholic
573influence in England.&amp;nbsp; But he had unwittingly opened up the door
574to dramatic changes.&amp;nbsp; From 1533 onwards, the influence of the
575Roman Catholic Church in England declined while the new ideas of the
576Reformation began to slowly gain adherents.&amp;nbsp; The resulting
577religious convulsions would consume most of Europe for the entire
578century.&amp;nbsp; In Tudor England, the conflict between the old faith and
579the new consumed its rulers.&amp;nbsp; Henry VIII was a lapsed Catholic;
580his successor Edward VI was a devout Protestant; his successor Mary I
581was a devout Catholic; her successor Elizabeth I was, understandably
582enough, a religious pragmatist.&amp;nbsp; However, she came into conflict
583with her Catholic cousin, Mary, queen of Scots.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
584 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
585 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
586&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
587 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Twelve&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;How did
588Henry VIII die?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
589 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Henry had been in ill health for
590some time.&amp;nbsp; He was obese and this led to many complications in his
591health, such as fevers, headaches and ulcers.&amp;nbsp; He died on 28
592January 1547 after suffering through a bad fever; he was bled during
593his illness, which undoubtedly contributed to his death.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
594 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;a
595 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fmonarchs%2fhenry8.html&quot;&gt;To learn
596more about Henry VIII's life, visit his website.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;
597 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
598 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
599&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
600 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Thirteen&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;How did
601Katharine of Aragon die?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
602 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Contrary to rumor, Katharine was not
603poisoned by Henry VIII.&amp;nbsp; If he had been that ruthless, he would
604have killed her years before and saved himself the whole trouble of his
605'Great Matter'.&amp;nbsp; Most historians believe she died of cancer.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
606 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;To learn more about Katharine of Aragon, &lt;a
607 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fmonarchs%2faragon.html&quot;&gt;visit her
608website&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
609 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
610 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
611&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
612 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Thirteena&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt; Why do you spell
613Katharine's name as you do?&amp;nbsp; (And why do you spell Catherine
614Howard and Katharine Parr's differently?)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
615I spell Katharine of Aragon's name as it is spelled on her tomb at
616Peterborough.&amp;nbsp; I chose to spell Catherine Howard's with a 'C'
617because it's spelled thus by LB Smith in his biography of Henry VIII's
618fifth queen.&amp;nbsp; Katharine Parr's name is spelled that way to differentiate
619 her from the wife who preceded her.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font
620 size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
621TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
622&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
623 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Fourteen&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Was
624Anne Boleyn really a witch?&amp;nbsp; Did she have an extra finger?&amp;nbsp;
625Did she really commit adultery and have an incestuous affair with her
626brother?&amp;nbsp; How many times was she pregnant as Queen?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
627 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;No, Anne Boleyn was not a
628witch.&amp;nbsp; Yes, she did have a small growth on one hand which some
629have called an extra finger.&amp;nbsp; No, she did not commit adultery or
630have an incestuous affair with her brother.&amp;nbsp; Even her enemies
631admitted the charges were false, simply used as excuses to execute
632her.&amp;nbsp; She was pregnant at least three times, but only gave birth
633to one living child - a baby girl who would grow up to be Elizabeth I.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
634 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;To learn more about Anne Boleyn, &lt;a
635 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fmonarchs%2fboleyn.html&quot;&gt;visit her
636website&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
637 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
638 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
639&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
640 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Fifteen&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Where is
641Anne Boleyn buried?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
642 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Anne Boleyn is buried at the chapel
643of St Peter ad Vincula at the Tower of London.&amp;nbsp; She is not buried
644in a regular coffin, however, since one was not provided; instead, her
645body was forced into an old arrow chest.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
646 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
647 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
648 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt; &lt;img height=&quot;165&quot;
649 alt=&quot;miniature portrait of Jane Seymour by Lucas Horenbout&quot;
650 src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/seymourfaq.jpg&quot; width=&quot;166&quot;
651 border=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
652 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot; size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;miniature portrait
653of Jane Seymour by Lucas Horenbout&lt;br&gt;
654 &lt;/font&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
655 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Sixteen&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Did Jane
656Seymour die of complications from a Caesarean section?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
657 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;This rumor has been around for a
658long time, but it's not true.&amp;nbsp; Jane actually lived several days
659after the birth of her son, Edward, and was able to greet
660well-wishers.&amp;nbsp; But she soon succumbed to a violent fever and
661died.&amp;nbsp; Most historians believe she died from puerperal sepsis, an
662infection which killed many new mothers.&amp;nbsp; Keep in mind that, even
663today, childbirth is a dangerous and bloody business.&amp;nbsp; In the 16th
664century, standards of hygiene were very lax.&amp;nbsp; Puerperal sepsis
665caused severe fevers and delusions; it was almost always fatal.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
666 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Henry VIII's sixth wife, Katharine
667Parr, would also die from it.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
668 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;To learn more about Jane Seymour, &lt;a
669 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fmonarchs%2fseymour.html&quot;&gt;visit her
670website&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
671 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
672 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
673&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
674 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Seventeen&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Was
675Anne of Cleves really that ugly?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
676 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;It's ironic to me that, of all of
677Henry's six wives, the one who is most attractive to modern eyes is the
678one he divorced for being a 'Flanders mare'.&amp;nbsp; You can &lt;a
679 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=0&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fwww.marileecody.com%2fimages.htmll&quot;&gt;look at portraits of
680Anne&lt;/a&gt; (one is below this answer) and decide for yourself.&amp;nbsp; It
681was probably a simple case of 'chemistry', or a lack thereof.&amp;nbsp; You
682want to kiss some people and you don't want to kiss others - why?&amp;nbsp;
683Henry VIII simply wasn't attracted to her but that doesn't mean she was
684ugly; it simply means she wasn't his type.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
685 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;To learn more about Anne of Cleves, &lt;a
686 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fmonarchs%2fcleves.html&quot;&gt;visit her
687website&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
688 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
689 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
690 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt; &lt;img height=&quot;163&quot;
691 alt=&quot;miniature portrait of Anne of Cleves by Hans Holbein&quot;
692 src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/clevesfaq.jpg&quot; width=&quot;166&quot;
693 border=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
694 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot; size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;miniature portrait
695of Anne of Cleves by Hans Holbein&lt;/font&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
696 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Eighteen&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
697 &lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;What happened to Anne of
698Cleves after Henry divorced her?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
699 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Anne remained in England, where she
700was treated with great respect and honor.&amp;nbsp; Henry called her his
701'sister' and she was given lots of money and lands in their divorce
702settlement.&amp;nbsp; She came to court regularly and enjoyed the life of
703an independent, wealthy woman.&amp;nbsp; She also became quite fond of
704English beer.&amp;nbsp; I think we can agree that she was probably the
705happiest of the six wives.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
706 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
707 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
708&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
709 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Nineteen&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Did
710Catherine Howard commit adultery while Queen of England?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
711 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Probably.&amp;nbsp; You can read her
712letter to Thomas Culpeper &lt;a
713 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fletter13.html&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
714 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;To learn more about Catherine Howard, &lt;a
715 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fmonarchs%2fhoward.html&quot;&gt;visit her
716website&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
717 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
718 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
719&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
720 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Twenty&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Where is
721Catherine Howard buried?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
722 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;She is buried at the chapel of St
723Peter ad Vincula, along with her cousin Anne Boleyn and other victims
724of Henry VIII.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;
725 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
726 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
727&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
728 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Twenty-one&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;How
729many times was Katharine Parr married?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
730 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Katharine was married four
731times.&amp;nbsp; Henry VIII was her third husband.&amp;nbsp; She had one child
732with her fourth husband, and died of puerperal sepsis shortly
733afterwards.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
734 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;To learn more about Katharine Parr, &lt;a
735 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fmonarchs%2fparr.html&quot;&gt;visit her
736website&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
737 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
738 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
739&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
740 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Twenty-two&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Was
741Katharine Parr imprisoned by Henry VIII?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
742 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Almost, but her quick wit and
743instinct for survival saved her.&amp;nbsp; Religious conservatives at
744Henry's court attempted to persuade the king his wife was a
745heretic.&amp;nbsp; After being lectured one too many times on religious
746matters by Katharine, Henry was inclined to agree.&amp;nbsp; Katharine was
747warned of the plot and, without letting on to the king, told him she
748was grateful to talk about such matters with him so he could guide her
749in the correct direction.&amp;nbsp; His ego soothed, the king again favored
750her.&amp;nbsp; When guards came to arrest Katharine, Henry personally
751berated them and protected her.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
752 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
753 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
754&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
755 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Twenty-three&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;What
756happened to Henry VIII's sisters, Margaret and Mary Tudor?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
757 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Margaret married the king of
758Scotland, James IV, and upon his death, she married the earl of
759Angus.&amp;nbsp; Mary wed the king of France and, upon his death, she wed
760the duke of Suffolk.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
761 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;To learn more about Mary Tudor, &lt;a
762 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fcitizens%2fbrandon.html&quot;&gt;visit her
763website&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;nbsp; To learn more about Margaret Tudor, &lt;a
764 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2frelative%2fmargaret.html&quot;&gt;visit
765her website&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
766 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
767 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
768&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
769 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Twenty-four&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Did
770Henry VIII execute a lot of people?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
771 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;He executed a lot of people on
772trumped-up charges, or what is commonly termed 'judicial murder'.&amp;nbsp;
773He was very capricious and tyrannical, particularly as he grew
774older.&amp;nbsp; He was also sensitive to other claims on the Tudor throne;
775for that reason, he imprisoned or executed most of his Plantagenet
776relatives.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
777 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
778 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
779&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
780 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Twenty-five&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Did
781Henry VIII have a legitimate reason to divorce Katharine of Aragon?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
782 &lt;br&gt;
783 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Yes.&amp;nbsp; Other queens were
784divorced for a lot less.&amp;nbsp; The annulment would have been granted if
785Katharine's nephew had not been Holy Roman Emperor.&amp;nbsp; His position
786gave him great influence over papal policy.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
787 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
788 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
789&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
790 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Twenty-six&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;How
791did Edward VI die?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
792 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Edward died of tuberculosis.&amp;nbsp;
793Recently, historians and doctors suggested that it may have been
794complicated by measles.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
795 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;To learn more about Edward VI, &lt;a
796 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fmonarchs%2fedward6.html&quot;&gt;visit his
797website&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;
798 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
799 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
800&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
801 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Six-a&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Who is the
802'Nine Days Queen'?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
803 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;The description refers to Lady Jane
804Grey, the Tudor cousin who ruled England for just nine days in
8051553.&amp;nbsp; She was later executed by Mary I.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
806 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;To learn more about Lady Jane Grey, &lt;a
807 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2frelative%2fjanegrey.html&quot;&gt;visit
808her website&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
809 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
810 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
811&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
812 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Twenty-eight&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Did
813Lady Jane Grey want to be Queen of England?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
814 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;No, she did not.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
815 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
816 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
817&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
818 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Twenty-nine&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Did
819Lady Jane Grey love her husband?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
820 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;No, quite the contrary.&amp;nbsp; By all
821accounts, she disliked Guildford and refused to have him crowned king,
822though she appreciated his newfound maturity and composure upon their
823imprisonment.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
824 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
825 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
826&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
827 &lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Twenty-nine&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font
828 face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Where is Lady Jane Grey buried?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
829 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;At the chapel of St Peter ad
830Vincula, alongside Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard.&amp;nbsp; As at Anne's
831execution, there was no coffin provided for Jane's corpse.&amp;nbsp; Her
832body lay beside the block for several hours before someone finally
833found a coffin.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
834 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
835 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
836 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
837 &lt;img height=&quot;213&quot;
838 alt=&quot;Mary Tudor as princess of England, by Master John, 1544&quot;
839 src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/mary1faq.jpg&quot; width=&quot;165&quot;
840 border=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
841 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot; size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;portrait of
842Princess Mary Tudor in 1544, by Master John&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
843 &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
844 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Thirty&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Why is
845Mary I called 'Bloody Mary'?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
846 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Several hundred Protestants were
847burned as heretics during her reign.&amp;nbsp; Hence, she is called 'Bloody
848Mary'.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
849 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;To learn more about Mary I, &lt;a
850 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fmonarchs%2fmary1.html&quot;&gt;visit her
851website&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
852 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
853 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
854&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
855 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Thirty-a&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Are
856there two Mary Tudors at this site?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
857 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Yes, one is Mary Tudor, sister of
858Henry VIII.&amp;nbsp; The other is Mary Tudor, daughter of Henry VIII.&lt;/font&gt;
859 &lt;br&gt;
860 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
861 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
862&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
863 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Thirty-one&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Did
864Mary I really hate her half-sister, Elizabeth?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
865 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Yes.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
866 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
867 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
868&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
869 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Thirty-two&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Was
870Mary I ever pregnant during her marriage to Philip of Spain?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
871 &lt;br&gt;
872 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;No.&lt;/font&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;font
873 face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;She thought she was pregnant - she hoped she
874was - but it was probably an 'hysterical pregnancy'.&amp;nbsp; Her
875menstrual cycle was always irregular and she had a distended stomach,
876possibly from a tumor.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
877 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
878 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
879&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
880 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Thirty-three&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;What
881were Mary's last words?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
882 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;It is rumored she said that if her
883body was cut open, the words 'Calais' and 'Philip' would be found
884engraved upon her heart.&amp;nbsp; It is an apocryphal story.&amp;nbsp; Calais
885was the last English outpost on the continent, lost during her reign,
886and Philip was the beloved husband who had abandoned her.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
887 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
888 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
889&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
890 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Thirty-four&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Where
891is Mary I buried?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
892 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;In Westminster Abbey, beside her
893half-sister, Elizabeth I.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
894 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
895 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
896&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
897 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Thirty-five&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Was
898Elizabeth I truly a great queen - or did her ministers do all the work?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
899 &lt;br&gt;
900 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;She was truly a great queen.&amp;nbsp;
901Though she had good ministers, chief among them William Cecil,
902Elizabeth - like her father - was always in charge.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
903 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;To learn more about Elizabeth I, &lt;a
904 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fmonarchs%2feliz.html&quot;&gt;visit her
905website&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
906 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
907 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
908 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt; &lt;img height=&quot;217&quot;
909 alt=&quot;the Armada Portrait of Queen Elizabeth I, by George Gower&quot;
910 src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/eliz2faq.jpg&quot; width=&quot;165&quot;
911 border=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
912 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot; size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;The Armada Portrait
913of Queen Elizabeth I, by George Gower&lt;br&gt;
914 &lt;/font&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
915 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Thirty-six&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;How
916smart was Elizabeth I?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
917 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Very smart.&amp;nbsp; She was
918undoubtedly one of the most (if not the most) intelligent monarchs to
919rule England.&amp;nbsp; She was always a dedicated scholar and genuinely
920loved to study and learn.&amp;nbsp; Her tutor Roger Ascham, and indeed
921everyone who met her, recognized and commented upon her
922intelligence.&amp;nbsp; Of course, this was believed to be a 'masculine'
923trait and only acceptable because of her special position as queen.&lt;/font&gt;
924 &lt;br&gt;
925 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
926 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
927&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
928 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Thirty-seven&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Did
929Elizabeth ever plan to marry anyone?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
930 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Probably not.&amp;nbsp; She used
931marriage negotiations as political tools, and she personally loved
932Robert Dudley.&amp;nbsp; But she was never enthusiastic about the prospect
933of marriage.&amp;nbsp; And who can blame her?&amp;nbsp; After the disastrous
934examples of her father and half-sister, Elizabeth had no reason to
935equate marriage with personal happiness.&amp;nbsp; She also realized that
936any marriage would end her authority as queen in her own right.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
937 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
938 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
939&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
940 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Thirty-eight&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Was
941Elizabeth really a 'Virgin Queen'?&amp;nbsp; Did she have secret lovers
942and/or children?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
943 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;She was probably a virgin.&amp;nbsp;
944It's difficult to imagine any secret affair remaining secret for
945long.&amp;nbsp; And birth control was tricky and untrustworthy in the 16th
946century.&amp;nbsp; She knew that any affair would risk a pregnancy - and
947that would destroy her life.&amp;nbsp; Furthermore, it is worth noting
948Elizabeth's own strict and methodical character, and the disdain she
949showed for women who could not control their feelings or appreciate the
950consequences of their actions.&amp;nbsp; Consider her opinions of her two
951cousins, Mary, queen of Scots and Catherine Grey.&amp;nbsp; Both rushed
952into hasty, inappropriate and passionate unions and both had disastrous
953results.&amp;nbsp; Elizabeth looked down upon them both, remarking that
954they would do well to remember their high positions in life and its
955attendant responsibilities.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
956 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;She lamented her lost opportunities
957for love and a family of her own.&amp;nbsp; But she was queen and it was an
958exalted and lonely position.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
959 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;No, she never had children.&amp;nbsp;
960It's fun to read theories that she was the mother of Bacon - or
961Shakespeare - or was even Shakespeare himself.... but could she really
962keep a pregnancy secret?&amp;nbsp; Foreign ambassadors paid her servants to
963learn every intimate detail of her life.&amp;nbsp; Upon hearing some gossip
964about her relationship with Dudley, Elizabeth observed that a thousand
965eyes were always upon her so how could she do anything scandalous?&lt;/font&gt;
966 &lt;br&gt;
967 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
968 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
969&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
970 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Thirty-nine&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Why
971is the 1588 battle with the Spanish Armada so famous?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
972 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Because England was a small nation
973with a little navy and they were facing the greatest power in the
974world.&amp;nbsp; And they defeated it, with help from Mother Nature.&amp;nbsp;
975It marked the beginning of England's mastery of the seas.&amp;nbsp; The
976great history of the English navy began, as did serious English
977exploration and colonization.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
978 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
979 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
980&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
981 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Fourty&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Why are
982there so many portraits of Elizabeth I?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
983 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Because she ruled for such a long
984time (45 years) and because she understood the value of
985propaganda.&amp;nbsp; Her portraits were iconographic; they represented the
986queen in all her majesty, triumphant and beautiful.&amp;nbsp; They
987symbolized the confidence and pride of her nation.&amp;nbsp; It was also a
988sign of loyalty to have portraits of the queen in your house.&amp;nbsp;
989Many nobles commissioned portraits, or copies of official portraits.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
990 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;To view portraits of Elizabeth I, with
991commentary, &lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=0&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fwww.marileecody.com%2feliz1-images.html&quot;&gt;visit
992the Elizabethan Images webpage&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
993 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
994 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
995&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
996 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Fourty-one&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Where
997is Elizabeth I buried?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
998 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;In Westminster Abbey, beside her
999half-sister Mary I.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1000 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
1001 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1002&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
1003 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Fourty-two&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Why
1004was Mary, queen of Scots a prisoner in England?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1005 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Mary fled to England after losing a
1006battle against her Scottish foes.&amp;nbsp; She was seeking Elizabeth's aid
1007in restoring her to the throne of Scotland.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1008 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;To learn more about Mary, queen of Scots, &lt;a
1009 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2frelative%2fmaryqos.html&quot;&gt;visit her
1010website&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br&gt;
1011 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
1012 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1013&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
1014 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Fourty-two-a&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;How
1015long was Mary, queen of Scots a prisoner in England?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1016 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Mary was imprisoned from 1568 to
10171587.&amp;nbsp; She was just 25 years old when she arrived in England and
101844 years old when she was executed.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1019 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
1020 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1021 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt; &lt;img height=&quot;244&quot;
1022 alt=&quot;portrait of Mary, queen of Scots, c1558&quot;
1023 src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/maryqosfaq.jpg&quot; width=&quot;165&quot;
1024 border=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1025 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot; size=&quot;1&quot;&gt;portrait of Mary,
1026queen of Scots, c1558&lt;br&gt;
1027 &lt;/font&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
1028 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Fourty-two&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Are
1029Mary, queen of Scots and Mary Tudor the same person?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1030 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;No.&amp;nbsp; Mary Tudor was Henry
1031VIII's sister.&amp;nbsp; Mary, queen of Scots was the granddaughter of
1032Margaret Tudor, Henry VIII's sister.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1033 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
1034 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1035&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
1036 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Fourty-three&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Why
1037did Elizabeth I have Mary, queen of Scots killed?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1038 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Because she was conniving to have
1039Elizabeth assassinated and herself made queen of England.&amp;nbsp; In
1040fairness to Mary, she only began plotting after being imprisoned for
1041several years and it was clear she would never be released.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1042 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
1043 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1044&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
1045 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Fourty-four&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Was
1046Mary, queen of Scots guilty of the crimes for which she was executed?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
1047 &lt;br&gt;
1048 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Yes, probably.&amp;nbsp; She even
1049admitted to plotting against Elizabeth, but said it was only to gain
1050her freedom.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1051 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
1052 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1053&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
1054 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Fourty-six&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Where
1055is Mary, queen of Scots buried?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1056 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;In Westminster Abbey.&amp;nbsp; Her body
1057was moved there by her son, James, who became king of England in 1603.&lt;/font&gt;
1058 &lt;br&gt;
1059 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
1060 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1061 &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
1062 &lt;a name=&quot;Fourty-sixa&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Why is Mary, queen of Scots's last name
1063sometimes spelled 'Stewart' and other times 'Stuart'?&lt;br&gt;
1064 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;In Scotland, her family name was
1065spelled 'Stewart'.&amp;nbsp; However, Mary was half-French and spent her
1066formative years in France.&amp;nbsp; Therefore, she adopted the French
1067spelling of Stewart, which was 'Stuart'.&amp;nbsp; (She also signed her
1068name 'Marie', which was the French spelling of her first name.)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;br&gt;
1069 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
1070 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1071 &lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Fourty-seven&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Why
1072did Elizabeth I leave her throne to James I of Scotland?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1073 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;James was Elizabeth's closest male
1074relative.&amp;nbsp; He was part Tudor as well, being the great-grandson of
1075Margaret Tudor, eldest daughter of the first Tudor king, Henry VII.&lt;/font&gt;
1076 &lt;br&gt;
1077 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
1078 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1079&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
1080 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Fourty-eight&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;What
1081dynasty followed the Tudors?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1082 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;The Stuart dynasty followed the
1083Tudors, so called because their family name was Stuart/Stewart.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1084 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
1085 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1086&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
1087 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Fourty-nine&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Does
1088this website have a search engine?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1089 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Yes, it does.&amp;nbsp; &lt;a
1090 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fsearch.html&quot;&gt;Click here&lt;/a&gt; to
1091visit the Tudor England search engine.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1092 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
1093 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1094&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
1095 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Fifty&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;I am
1096quoting from this website for my paper / report.&amp;nbsp; How do I
1097correctly cite the source?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1098 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;The correct format is based upon
1099both the Turabian/Chicago and MLA styles.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1100 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Here is an example:&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1101 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot;&gt;Hanson, Marilee. &quot;Contemporary
1102Descriptions of Anne Boleyn.&quot; &lt;i&gt;EnglishHistory.net.&lt;/i&gt; 2004.
1103http://englishhistory.net/tudor/annedesc.html (11 April 2004).&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1104 &lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot; size=&quot;-1&quot;&gt;Please note: you must use
1105the year and date you read the source.&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1106 &lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
1107 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; &lt;br&gt;
1108&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt;
1109 &lt;/p&gt;
1110 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;Update&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;When
1111was the site last updated?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;
1112Please visit the &lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fnews.html&quot;&gt;Site
1113News&lt;/a&gt; page for the last update. &amp;nbsp;I don't post routine
1114maintenance there, only significant additions to the website.&lt;br&gt;
1115 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a
1116 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2ffaq.html#Top&quot;&gt;TOP&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1117 &lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;
1118 &lt;/p&gt;
1119 &lt;blockquote&gt;
1120 &lt;hr width=&quot;100%&quot; size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;
1121 &lt;center&gt;
1122 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial,Helvetica&quot; size=&quot;-1&quot;&gt;&lt;a
1123 href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor.html&quot;&gt;to Tudor England&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1124 &lt;/center&gt;
1125 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
1126 &lt;/td&gt;
1127 &lt;td width=&quot;15%&quot; height=&quot;610&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
1128 &lt;/td&gt;
1129 &lt;/tr&gt;
1130 &lt;/tbody&gt;
1131&lt;/table&gt;
1132
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1135</Content>
1136</Section>
1137</Archive>
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