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    <Metadata name="Title">Are you conducting research?</Metadata>
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    <Metadata name="URL">http://englishhistory.net/tudor/research.html</Metadata>
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    <Metadata name="dc.Subject">Tudor period|Others</Metadata>
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&lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot; size=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&lt;B&gt;Are you conducting research for a paper/project?&lt;/B&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#FFFFFF&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;Conducting research for a paper or project can be a rewarding 
  academic experiment.&amp;nbsp; It's a bit like detective work - your teacher or 
  professor tells you to write about a subject, and off you go....&amp;nbsp; You 
  have to wade through tons of information, and then - out of thousands of words 
  - decide what to include in your paper or project.&amp;nbsp; It can be 
  frustrating, and sometimes boring, but you're guaranteed to learn (and that 
  is, after all, the ultimate goal of education.) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
  &lt;P&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;B&gt;The first step&lt;/B&gt; is the most obvious - &lt;B&gt;choosing a topic&lt;/B&gt;.&amp;nbsp; 
  Choose something which interests you!&amp;nbsp; Research can be fun if you're 
  actually interested in the topic.&amp;nbsp; But if you're not, it can be boring 
  and frustrating. &lt;BR&gt;Now quite often you can't choose your topic.&amp;nbsp; But 
  even if you don't have a choice, the right attitude is important.&amp;nbsp; Don't 
  look at the research as a chore - look at it as an opportunity to learn new 
  things which may be useful to you one day.&amp;nbsp; Who knows?&amp;nbsp; The love of 
  your life might turn out to be a Tudor fanatic. &lt;/font&gt; 
  &lt;P&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;Once you're topic has been chosen, you're ready for &lt;B&gt;step two&lt;/B&gt; - 
  &lt;B&gt;background reading&lt;/B&gt;! &lt;BR&gt;Read a general introduction to your topic, 
  either in your textbook or an encyclopedia.&amp;nbsp; This will only take a little 
  while, and it's invaluable. &lt;BR&gt;After all, if you're doing a paper on Henry 
  VIII, it helps to have read a brief biography of his life.&amp;nbsp; Then, while 
  you're doing more specialized research, you can place the research in its 
  proper context. &lt;BR&gt;If you want to do further reading on Tudor history, please 
  visit the &lt;A href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fbiblio.html&quot;&gt;Tudor 
  Bibliography&lt;/A&gt;.&amp;nbsp; It's a list of the works I used to create this site.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;P&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;Background research leads to &lt;B&gt;step three&lt;/B&gt; - &lt;B&gt;narrow your topic to 
  acceptable limits&lt;/B&gt;. &lt;BR&gt;If you only have to write a 3-5 page paper, don't 
  choose something like the Reformation.&amp;nbsp; Instead, choose a particular 
  aspect of the Reformation.&amp;nbsp; A good idea is to do background reading, and 
  write down some 'key words'.&amp;nbsp; Perhaps one of the 'key words' will become 
  your final topic. &lt;BR&gt;Another idea is to use the 'key words' to make questions 
  or statements.&amp;nbsp; If you're writing about the Reformation in England, you 
  could write the following - The Reformation in England was different than the 
  Reformation in Germany.&amp;nbsp; Or, Was the Reformation in England different 
  than the Reformation in Germany? &lt;BR&gt;Answering such questions, or finding 
  support for the statements, can guide your research.&amp;nbsp; Create as many 
  questions and statements as you need. &lt;/font&gt; 
  &lt;P&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;Once you have narrowed your topic, move on to &lt;B&gt;step four&lt;/B&gt; - &lt;B&gt;more 
  background research&lt;/B&gt;! &lt;BR&gt;Once again, head for the encyclopedias.&amp;nbsp; 
  They will give you a summary of the narrowed topic and familiarize you with 
  the major themes and vocabulary you will encounter later. &lt;BR&gt;Also, most 
  encyclopedias include a bibliography which lists the major scholarly works 
  related to your topic.&amp;nbsp; Once you have that list, head to the library and 
  use the internet. &lt;/font&gt; 
  &lt;P&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;B&gt;And keep it simple!&lt;/B&gt; &lt;BR&gt;Whenever you're writing a paper, always keep 
  its length in mind.&amp;nbsp; A short paper (3-5 pages) doesn't require the same 
  amount of research as a longer paper.&amp;nbsp; Don't make yourself work harder. 
  &lt;BR&gt;If you're interested in a topic beyond what you can include in the paper, 
  that's great - but immerse yourself in the topic during personal time.&amp;nbsp; 
  Don't let your paper become more than you can handle.&amp;nbsp; And too much 
  detail can drown your topic  and lower your grade.&amp;nbsp; It's natural to want 
  to impress your teacher or professor with the breadth of your knowledge, but 
  too much detail can actually be harmful to the presentation of a clear, 
  concise argument. &lt;/font&gt; 
  &lt;P&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;If you start feeling lost or confused, talk to your teacher.&amp;nbsp; After 
  all, they know exactly what they want in a paper. &lt;/font&gt; 
  &lt;P&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;And now some information about using my sites for research, or the internet 
  in general.... &lt;/font&gt; 
  &lt;P&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;CENTER&gt;
  &lt;P&gt;&lt;U&gt;&lt;FONT size=+1 face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;Help for students conducting research on the 'World Wide 
  Web'&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;/U&gt;&lt;/CENTER&gt;
  &lt;P&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;Conducting research on the internet can be a tricky and confusing 
  experience.&amp;nbsp; Luckily for us all, the Department of English at Saint Louis 
  University has created &lt;A 
  href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=0&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fwww.slu.edu%2fdepartments%2fenglish%2fresearch&quot;&gt;a website to help 
  everyone&lt;/A&gt; - please take the time to explore this valuable resource.&amp;nbsp; 
  Also, I have collected information about 'Citing Electronic Sources'.&amp;nbsp; 
  With these tools, you should be able to research and write about any topic - 
  and use the internet as authoritatively as you use the library! &lt;/font&gt; 
  &lt;P&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;If you prefer to cut and paste links, the link to the Saint Louis 
  University site is: &lt;BR&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#FFFFFF&quot;&gt;
  &lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=0&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fwww.slu.edu%2fdepartments%2fenglish%2fresearch&quot;&gt;http://www.slu.edu/departments/english/research/&lt;/a&gt;
  &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#FFFFFF&quot;&gt; 
  &lt;P&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;P align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot; size=&quot;4&quot;&gt;Copyright 
information for this website&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;I'm very happy that 
so many people from all over the world use this site for research.&amp;nbsp; It's 
the reason I created the site and continue to work on it.&amp;nbsp; Many of you have 
written and asked how to cite my work in your papers and reports.&amp;nbsp; This is 
the correct format based upon both the Turabian/Chicago and MLA styles:&lt;br&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt;
Hanson, Marilee. &amp;quot;Contemporary Descriptions of Anne Boleyn.&amp;quot; &lt;i&gt;
EnglishHistory.net&lt;/i&gt;. 2001. http://englishhistory.net/tudor/annedesc.html (7 
May 2001).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;You must change the article title to 
reflect what you are quoting and&amp;nbsp; use the date you read the source here.
&lt;/font&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;Please visit the following sites to learn more - &lt;A 
  href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=0&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2flcweb2.loc.gov%2fammem%2fndlpedu%2fcite.html&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;The LOC's 
Citing Electronic Sources&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/A&gt; page and the &lt;font color=&quot;#FFFFFF&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=0&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fwww.columbia.edu%2fcu%2fcup%2fcgos%2fidx%5fbasic.html&quot;&gt;
&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;Columbia University Press&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt; website.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;font color=&quot;#FFFFFF&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;Let me clearly state that citing electronic sources is a valid form of 
    research and accepted at most academic institutions.&amp;nbsp; And I would also 
    like to reassure every visitor to the site that I have checked and 
    double-checked every bit of information included on these pages. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
    &lt;P&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;Also, if you are citing 'Primary Sources', you do not need to know the 
    original source of the 'primary source'.&amp;nbsp; Again, it is perfectly 
    acceptable to cite an internet page as a source and every teacher should be 
    aware of this - if they're not, tell them. &lt;BR&gt;As I've discovered over 
    the years, simply because a book has its information printed on paper and 
    bound in a nice cover doesn't mean it's accurate.&amp;nbsp; In fact, quite a few 
    recently-published&amp;nbsp; history texts are woefully inaccurate and 
    misleading.&amp;nbsp; So it is best to check and double-check your research, 
    whether it comes from the internet or a library.&amp;nbsp; I recently wrote a 
    rant about this - &lt;font color=&quot;#FFFFFF&quot;&gt;
    &lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=0&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fhistory.html&quot;&gt;
    &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;click here to read&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;P&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;If you have general questions about copyright law, &lt;A 
    href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=0&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2flcweb.gov%2fcopyright&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;go to this site&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/A&gt;.&amp;nbsp; This is the 
    homepage of the US Copyright Office; it contains information about 
    international copyright law, too.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/P&gt; 
    &lt;P&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;And now - 
  &lt;B&gt;Copyright information&lt;/B&gt;....&amp;nbsp; boring but vital!&amp;nbsp; Here it is, in 
  brief - &lt;B&gt;everything at this site was written by me 
  (Marilee.)&lt;/B&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Therefore, I hold 
  the copyright for all my original work. &lt;/font&gt; 
  &lt;P&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;And I take all the blame if it bores you to tears or 
  confuses you endlessly.&amp;nbsp; &lt;/font&gt; 
  &lt;P&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;The site was created in 1997 and is updated regularly.&amp;nbsp; 
  Visit the &lt;FONT color=#FFFFFF&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=0&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fnew.html&quot;&gt;
  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;What's New?&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt; 
  page to find out the exact dates.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;P&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;If you need a 
  last name to credit the site, please use Marilee Hanson.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;P&gt;
&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;I do not hold the sole copyright to anything at the &lt;/font&gt;
&lt;FONT color=#FFFFFF face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt; &lt;A 
  href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fprimary.html&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;Primary Sources&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/A&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;FONT face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt; 
  section.&amp;nbsp; Those are original historical documents in the public domain 
  which I collected and transcribed.&amp;nbsp; Yes, it was loads of work to type 
  everything up, but they were simply transcribed (not written) by me.&amp;nbsp; 
  That is why they're called 'Primary Sources'. &lt;BR&gt;I do hold the copyright on 
  the electronic version of the texts, which I typed.&amp;nbsp; This is where the 
  internet becomes confusing - essentially, the words are not mine but by virtue 
  of transcribing them into electronic format, I own this particular version.&amp;nbsp; 
  So I would ask that no one copies my hard work, at least without asking 
  permission and/or giving me credit. &lt;/FONT&gt; 
  &lt;P&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;As for graphics used here, copyright law allows the use of images for 
  educational purposes, provided no profit is made and the image is not 
  altered.&amp;nbsp; And since I did go to the considerable trouble of scanning the 
  images, I like to be asked before someone 'borrows' them.&amp;nbsp; This simple 
  act of courtesy goes a long way in the happy-go-lucky world of the internet.
  &lt;/font&gt; 
  &lt;P&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;If you would like to learn more about the legal use of 
  images, please click &lt;/font&gt;&lt;FONT color=#FFFFFF face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fart.html&quot;&gt;
  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;here&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/FONT&gt;&lt;CENTER&gt;
  &lt;P&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;In the end, your visit to this site makes my work worthwhile. &lt;BR&gt;Thanks 
  for visiting &amp;amp;
  &lt;a href=&quot;mailto:[email protected]?subject=Copyright&quot;&gt;
  &lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;write to 
  me&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt; with any specific questions/comments. 
&lt;BR&gt;-Marilee&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/CENTER&gt;&lt;/P&gt;
  &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;font face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;&lt;FONT size=-1&gt;&lt;A 
href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor.html&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;to Tudor England&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/A&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt; 
&lt;BR&gt;&lt;FONT size=-1&gt;&lt;A href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=0&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2fbyron.html&quot;&gt;
&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;to Lord 
Byron&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/A&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt; &lt;BR&gt;&lt;FONT size=-1&gt;&lt;A 
href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=0&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2fkeats.html&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;to John Keats&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/A&gt;&lt;/FONT&gt;
&lt;/font&gt; 
  &lt;/p&gt;
  &lt;p align=&quot;left&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot; face=&quot;Arial&quot;&gt;You can also visit this GeoCities site for additional help: &lt;BR&gt;&lt;A 
href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=0&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fwww.geocities.com%2fAthens%2fOracle%2f4184&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;How to Organize a Research 
Paper and Document It with MLA Citations&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/A&gt; 
&lt;BR&gt;And for further reading on Tudor England, &lt;BR&gt;visit the &lt;A 
href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fbiblio.html&quot;&gt;&lt;font color=&quot;#000000&quot;&gt;Tudor Bibliography&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/A&gt; - 
&lt;BR&gt;a list of the works I used to create this site.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/blockquote&gt;

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