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| 5 | The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
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| 6 | (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
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| 9 | http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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| 10 |
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| 11 | Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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| 12 | distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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| 13 | WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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| 14 | See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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| 15 | limitations under the License.
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| 16 | -->
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| 17 | <html>
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| 18 |
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| 19 | <head>
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| 20 | <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en-us">
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| 21 | <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../stylesheets/style.css">
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| 22 | <title>Exec Task</title>
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| 23 | <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../stylesheets/antmanual.css">
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| 24 | </head>
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| 25 |
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| 26 | <body>
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| 27 |
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| 28 | <h2><a name="exec">Exec</a></h2>
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| 29 | <h3>Description</h3>
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| 30 | <p>Executes a system command. When the <i>os</i> attribute is specified, then
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| 31 | the command is only executed when Ant is run on one of the specified operating
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| 32 | systems.</p>
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| 33 |
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| 34 | <p>Note that you cannot interact with the forked program, the only way
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| 35 | to send input to it is via the input and inputstring attributes. Also note that
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| 36 | since Ant 1.6, any attempt to read input in the forked program will receive an
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| 37 | EOF (-1). This is a change from Ant 1.5, where such an attempt would block.</p>
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| 38 |
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| 39 |
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| 40 |
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| 41 | <h4>Windows Users</h4>
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| 42 | <p>The <code><exec></code> task delegates to <code>Runtime.exec</code> which in turn
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| 43 | apparently calls <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/dllproc/base/createprocess.asp">
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| 44 | <code>::CreateProcess</code></a>. It is the latter Win32 function that defines
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| 45 | the exact semantics of the call. In particular, if you do not put a file extension
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| 46 | on the executable, only ".EXE" files are looked for, not ".COM", ".CMD" or other file
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| 47 | types listed in the environment variable PATHEXT. That is only used by the shell.
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| 48 | </p>
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| 49 | <p>
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| 50 | Note that <em>.bat</em> files cannot in general by executed directly.
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| 51 | One normally needs to execute the command shell executable <code>cmd</code>
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| 52 | using the <code>/c</code> switch.
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| 53 | </p>
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| 54 | <blockquote>
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| 55 | <pre>
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| 56 | <target name="help">
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| 57 | <exec executable="cmd">
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| 58 | <arg value="/c"/>
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| 59 | <arg value="ant.bat"/>
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| 60 | <arg value="-p"/>
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| 61 | </exec>
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| 62 | </target>
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| 63 | </pre></blockquote>
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| 64 |
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| 65 | <h4>Cygwin Users</h4>
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| 66 | <p>In general the <code><exec></code> task will not understand paths such as /bin/sh for
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| 67 | the executable parameter. This is because the Java VM in which Ant is running is a
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| 68 | Windows executable and is not aware of Cygwin conventions.
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| 69 | </p>
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| 70 |
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| 71 | <h4>OpenVMS Users</h4>
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| 72 | <p>The command specified using <code>executable</code> and
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| 73 | <code><arg></code> elements is executed exactly as specified
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| 74 | inside a temporary DCL script. This has some implications:
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| 75 | <ul>
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| 76 | <li>paths have to be written in VMS style</li>
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| 77 | <li>if your <code>executable</code> points to a DCL script remember to
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| 78 | prefix it with an <code>@</code>-sign
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| 79 | (e.g. <code>executable="@[FOO]BAR.COM"</code>), just as you would in a
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| 80 | DCL script</li>
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| 81 | </ul>
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| 82 | For <code><exec></code> to work in an environment with a Java VM
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| 83 | older than version 1.4.1-2 it is also <i>required</i> that the logical
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| 84 | <code>JAVA$FORK_SUPPORT_CHDIR</code> is set to <code>TRUE</code> in
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| 85 | the job table (see the <i>JDK Release Notes</i>).</p>
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| 86 |
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| 87 | <p>Please note that the Java VM provided by HP doesn't follow OpenVMS'
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| 88 | conventions of exit codes. If you run a Java VM with this task, the
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| 89 | task may falsely claim that an error occurred (or silently ignore an
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| 90 | error). Don't use this task to run <code>JAVA.EXE</code>, use a
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| 91 | <code><java></code> task with the <code>fork</code> attribute
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| 92 | set to <code>true</code> instead as this task will follow the VM's
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| 93 | interpretation of exit codes.</p>
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| 94 |
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| 95 | <h4>RedHat S/390 Users</h4>
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| 96 |
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| 97 | <p>It has been <a
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| 98 | href="http://listserv.uark.edu/scripts/wa.exe?A1=ind0404&L=vmesa-l#33">reported
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| 99 | on the VMESA-LISTSERV</a> that shell scripts invoked via the Ant Exec
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| 100 | task must have their interpreter specified, i.e., the scripts must
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| 101 | start with something like:
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| 102 |
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| 103 | <blockquote>
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| 104 | <pre>
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| 105 | #!/bin/bash
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| 106 | </pre>
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| 107 | </blockquote>
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| 108 |
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| 109 | or the task will fail as follows:
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| 110 |
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| 111 | <blockquote>
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| 112 | <pre>
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| 113 | [exec] Warning: UNIXProcess.forkAndExec native error: Exec format error
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| 114 | [exec] Result: 255
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| 115 | </pre>
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| 116 | </blockquote>
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| 117 | </p>
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| 118 |
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| 119 | <h3>Parameters</h3>
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| 120 | <table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
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| 121 | <tr>
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| 122 | <td valign="top"><b>Attribute</b></td>
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| 123 | <td valign="top"><b>Description</b></td>
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| 124 | <td align="center" valign="top"><b>Required</b></td>
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| 125 | </tr>
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| 126 | <tr>
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| 127 | <td valign="top">command</td>
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| 128 | <td valign="top">the command to execute with all command line
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| 129 | arguments. <b>deprecated, use executable and nested
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| 130 | <code><arg></code> elements instead</b>.</td>
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| 131 | <td align="center" rowspan="2">Exactly one of the two.</td>
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| 132 | </tr>
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| 133 | <tr>
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| 134 | <td valign="top">executable</td>
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| 135 | <td valign="top">the command to execute without any command line
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| 136 | arguments.</td>
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| 137 | </tr>
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| 138 | <tr>
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| 139 | <td valign="top">dir</td>
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| 140 | <td valign="top">the directory in which the command should be executed.</td>
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| 141 | <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
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| 142 | </tr>
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| 143 | <tr>
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| 144 | <td valign="top">os</td>
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| 145 | <td valign="top">list of Operating Systems on which the command may be
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| 146 | executed. If the current OS's name is contained in this list, the command will
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| 147 | be executed. The OS's name is determined by the Java Virtual machine and is set
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| 148 | in the "os.name" system property.
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| 149 | </td>
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| 150 | <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
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| 151 | </tr>
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| 152 | <tr>
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| 153 | <td valign="top">osfamily</td>
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| 154 | <td valign="top">OS family as used in the <os> condition.
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| 155 | <em>since Ant 1.7</em></td>
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| 156 | <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
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| 157 | </tr>
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| 158 | <tr>
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| 159 | <td valign="top">spawn</td>
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| 160 | <td valign="top">whether or not you want the command to be spawned<br>
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| 161 | Default is false.<br>
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| 162 | If you spawn a command, its output will not be logged by ant.<br>
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| 163 | The input, output, error, and result property settings are not active when spawning a process.<br>
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| 164 | <em>since Ant 1.6</em>
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| 165 | </td>
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| 166 | <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
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| 167 | </tr>
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| 168 | <tr>
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| 169 | <td valign="top">output</td>
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| 170 | <td valign="top">Name of a file to which to write the output. If the error stream
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| 171 | is not also redirected to a file or property, it will appear in this output.</td>
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| 172 | <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
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| 173 | </tr>
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| 174 | <tr>
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| 175 | <td valign="top">error</td>
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| 176 | <td valign="top">The file to which the standard error of the
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| 177 | command should be redirected. <em>since Ant 1.6</em></td>
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| 178 | <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
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| 179 | </tr>
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| 180 | <tr>
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| 181 | <td valign="top">logError</td>
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| 182 | <td valign="top">This attribute is used when you wish to see error output in Ant's
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| 183 | log and you are redirecting output to a file/property. The error
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| 184 | output will not be included in the output file/property. If you
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| 185 | redirect error with the "error" or "errorProperty"
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| 186 | attributes, this will have no effect. <em>since Ant 1.6</em></td>
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| 187 | <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
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| 188 | </tr>
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| 189 | <tr>
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| 190 | <td valign="top">append</td>
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| 191 | <td valign="top">Whether output and error files should be appended to or overwritten.
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| 192 | Defaults to false.</td>
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| 193 | <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
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| 194 | </tr>
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| 195 | <tr>
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| 196 | <td valign="top">outputproperty</td>
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| 197 | <td valign="top">The name of a property in which the output of the
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| 198 | command should be stored. Unless the error stream is redirected to a separate
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| 199 | file or stream, this property will include the error output.</td>
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| 200 | <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
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| 201 | </tr>
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| 202 | <tr>
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| 203 | <td valign="top">errorproperty</td>
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| 204 | <td valign="top">The name of a property in which the standard error of the
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| 205 | command should be stored. <em>since Ant 1.6</em></td>
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| 206 | <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
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| 207 | </tr>
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| 208 | <tr>
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| 209 | <td valign="top">input</td>
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| 210 | <td valign="top">A file from which the executed command's standard input
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| 211 | is taken. This attribute is mutually exclusive with the
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| 212 | inputstring attribute. <em>since Ant 1.6</em></td>
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| 213 | <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
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| 214 | </tr>
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| 215 | <tr>
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| 216 | <td valign="top">inputstring</td>
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| 217 | <td valign="top">A string which serves as the input stream for the
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| 218 | executed command. This attribute is mutually exclusive with the
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| 219 | input attribute. <em>since Ant 1.6</em></td>
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| 220 | <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
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| 221 | </tr>
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| 222 | <tr>
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| 223 | <td valign="top">resultproperty</td>
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| 224 | <td valign="top">the name of a property in which the return code of the
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| 225 | command should be stored. Only of interest if failonerror=false.</td>
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| 226 | <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
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| 227 | </tr>
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| 228 | <tr>
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| 229 | <td valign="top">timeout</td>
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| 230 | <td valign="top">Stop the command if it doesn't finish within the
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| 231 | specified time (given in milliseconds).</td>
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| 232 | <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
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| 233 | </tr>
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| 234 | <tr>
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| 235 | <td valign="top">failonerror</td>
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| 236 | <td valign="top">Stop the buildprocess if the command exits with a
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| 237 | return code signaling failure. Defaults to false.</td>
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| 238 | <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
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| 239 | </tr>
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| 240 | <tr>
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| 241 | <td valign="top">failifexecutionfails</td>
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| 242 | <td valign="top">Stop the build if we can't start the program.
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| 243 | Defaults to true. </td>
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| 244 | <td align="center" valign="top">No</td>
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| 245 | </tr> <tr>
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| 246 | <td valign="top">newenvironment</td>
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| 247 | <td valign="top">Do not propagate old environment when new environment
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| 248 | variables are specified.</td>
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| 249 | <td align="center" valign="top">No, default is <i>false</i></td>
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| 250 | </tr>
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| 251 | <tr>
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| 252 | <td valign="top">vmlauncher</td>
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| 253 | <td valign="top">Run command using the Java VM's execution facilities
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| 254 | where available. If set to false the underlying OS's shell,
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| 255 | either directly or through the antRun scripts, will be used.
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| 256 | Under some operating systems, this gives access to facilities
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| 257 | not normally available through the VM including, under Windows,
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| 258 | being able to execute scripts, rather than their associated
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| 259 | interpreter. If you want to specify the name of the
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| 260 | executable as a relative path to the directory given by the
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| 261 | dir attribute, it may become necessary to set vmlauncher to
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| 262 | false as well.</td>
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| 263 | <td align="center" valign="top">No, default is <i>true</i></td>
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| 264 | </tr>
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| 265 | <tr>
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| 266 | <td valign="top">resolveexecutable</td>
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| 267 | <td valign="top">When this attribute is true, the name of the executable
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| 268 | is resolved firstly against the project basedir and
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| 269 | if that does not exist, against the execution
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| 270 | directory if specified. On Unix systems, if you only
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| 271 | want to allow execution of commands in the user's path,
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| 272 | set this to false. <em>since Ant 1.6</em></td>
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| 273 | <td align="center" valign="top">No, default is <i>false</i></td>
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| 274 | </tr>
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| 275 | <tr>
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| 276 | <td valign="top">searchpath</td>
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| 277 | <td valign="top">When this attribute is true, then
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| 278 | system path environment variables will
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| 279 | be searched when resolving the location
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| 280 | of the executable. <em>since Ant 1.6.3</em></td>
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| 281 | <td align="center" valign="top">No, default is <i>false</i></td>
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| 282 | </tr>
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| 283 | </table>
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| 284 | <h3>Examples</h3>
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| 285 | <blockquote>
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| 286 | <pre>
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| 287 | <exec dir="${src}" executable="cmd.exe" os="Windows 2000" output="dir.txt">
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| 288 | <arg line="/c dir"/>
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| 289 | </exec></pre>
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| 290 | </blockquote>
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| 291 | <h3>Parameters specified as nested elements</h3>
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| 292 | <h4>arg</h4>
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| 293 | <p>Command line arguments should be specified as nested
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| 294 | <code><arg></code> elements. See <a
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| 295 | href="../using.html#arg">Command line arguments</a>.</p>
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| 296 | <h4><a name="env">env</a></h4>
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| 297 | <p>It is possible to specify environment variables to pass to the
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| 298 | system command via nested <code><env></code> elements.</p>
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| 299 | <table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
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| 300 | <tr>
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| 301 | <td valign="top"><b>Attribute</b></td>
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| 302 | <td valign="top"><b>Description</b></td>
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| 303 | <td align="center" valign="top"><b>Required</b></td>
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| 304 | </tr>
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| 305 | <tr>
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| 306 | <td valign="top">key</td>
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| 307 | <td valign="top">
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| 308 | The name of the environment variable.
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| 309 | <br/>
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| 310 | <em>Note: (Since Ant 1.7)</em>
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| 311 | For windows, the name is case-insensitive.
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| 312 | </td>
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| 313 | <td align="center" valign="top">Yes</td>
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| 314 | </tr>
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| 315 | <tr>
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| 316 | <td valign="top">value</td>
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| 317 | <td valign="top">The literal value for the environment variable.</td>
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| 318 | <td align="center" rowspan="3">Exactly one of these.</td>
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| 319 | </tr>
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| 320 | <tr>
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| 321 | <td valign="top">path</td>
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| 322 | <td valign="top">The value for a PATH like environment
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| 323 | variable. You can use ; or : as path separators and Ant will
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| 324 | convert it to the platform's local conventions.</td>
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| 325 | </tr>
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| 326 | <tr>
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| 327 | <td valign="top">file</td>
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| 328 | <td valign="top">The value for the environment variable. Will be
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| 329 | replaced by the absolute filename of the file by Ant.</td>
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| 330 | </tr>
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| 331 | </table>
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| 332 | <a name="redirector"><h4>redirector</h4></a>
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| 333 | <i><b>Since Ant 1.6.2</b></i>
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| 334 | <p>A nested <a href="../CoreTypes/redirector.html">I/O Redirector</a>
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| 335 | can be specified. In general, the attributes of the redirector behave
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| 336 | as the corresponding attributes available at the task level. The most
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| 337 | notable peculiarity stems from the retention of the <exec>
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| 338 | attributes for backwards compatibility. Any file mapping is done
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| 339 | using a <CODE>null</CODE> sourcefile; therefore not all
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| 340 | <a href="../CoreTypes/mapper.html">Mapper</a> types will return
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| 341 | results. When no results are returned, redirection specifications
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| 342 | will fall back to the task level attributes. In practice this means that
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| 343 | defaults can be specified for input, output, and error output files.
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| 344 | </p>
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| 345 | <h3>Errors and return codes</h3>
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| 346 | By default the return code of a <code><exec></code> is ignored; when you set
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| 347 | <code>failonerror="true"</code> then any return code signaling failure
|
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| 348 | (OS specific) causes the build to fail. Alternatively, you can set
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| 349 | <code>resultproperty</code> to the name of a property and have it assigned to
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| 350 | the result code (barring immutability, of course).
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| 351 | <p>
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| 352 | If the attempt to start the program fails with an OS dependent error code,
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| 353 | then <code><exec></code> halts the build unless <code>failifexecutionfails</code>
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| 354 | is set to <code>false</code>. You can use that to run a program if it exists, but
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| 355 | otherwise do nothing.
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| 356 | <p>
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| 357 | What do those error codes mean? Well, they are OS dependent. On Windows
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| 358 | boxes you have to look at
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| 359 | <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/debug/base/system_error_codes__0-499_.asp">
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| 360 | the documentation</a>; error code 2 means 'no such program', which usually means
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| 361 | it is not on the path. Any time you see such an error from any Ant task, it is
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| 362 | usually not an Ant bug, but some configuration problem on your machine.
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| 363 |
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| 364 | <h3>Examples</h3>
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| 365 | <blockquote><pre>
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| 366 | <exec executable="emacs">
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| 367 | <env key="DISPLAY" value=":1.0"/>
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| 368 | </exec>
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| 369 | </pre></blockquote>
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| 370 | <p>starts <code>emacs</code> on display 1 of the X Window System.</p>
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| 371 |
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| 372 | <blockquote><pre>
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| 373 | <property environment="env"/>
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| 374 | <exec ... >
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| 375 | <env key="PATH" path="${env.PATH}:${basedir}/bin"/>
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| 376 | </exec>
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| 377 | </pre></blockquote>
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| 378 | <p>adds <code>${basedir}/bin</code> to the <code>PATH</code> of the
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| 379 | system command.</p>
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| 380 |
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| 381 | <blockquote><pre>
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| 382 | <property name="browser" location="C:/Program Files/Internet Explorer/iexplore.exe"/>
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| 383 | <property name="file" location="ant/docs/manual/index.html"/>
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| 384 |
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| 385 | <exec executable="${browser}" spawn="true">
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| 386 | <arg value="${file}"/>
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| 387 | </exec>
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| 388 | </pre></blockquote>
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| 389 | <p>Starts the <i>${browser}</i> with the specified <i>${file}</i> and end the
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| 390 | Ant process. The browser will remain.</p>
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| 391 |
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| 392 | <blockquote><pre>
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| 393 | <exec executable="cat">
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| 394 | <redirector outputproperty="redirector.out"
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| 395 | errorproperty="redirector.err"
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| 396 | inputstring="blah before blah">
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| 397 | <inputfilterchain>
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| 398 | <replacestring from="before" to="after"/>
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| 399 | </inputfilterchain>
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| 400 | <outputmapper type="merge" to="redirector.out"/>
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| 401 | <errormapper type="merge" to="redirector.err"/>
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| 402 | </redirector>
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| 403 | </exec>
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| 404 | </pre></blockquote>
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| 405 |
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| 406 | Sends the string "blah before blah" to the "cat" executable,
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| 407 | using an <a href="../CoreTypes/filterchain.html"><inputfilterchain></a>
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| 408 | to replace "before" with "after" on the way in.
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| 409 | Output is sent to the file "redirector.out" and stored
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| 410 | in a property of the same name. Similarly, error output is sent to
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| 411 | a file and a property, both named "redirector.err".
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| 412 |
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| 413 |
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| 414 | <p><b>Note:</b> do not try to specify arguments using
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| 415 | a simple arg-element and separate them by spaces. This results in
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| 416 | only a single argument containing the entire string.</p>
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| 417 | <p>
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| 418 | <b>Timeouts: </b> If a timeout is specified, when it is reached the
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| 419 | sub process is killed and a message printed to the log. The return
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| 420 | value of the execution will be "-1", which will halt the build if
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| 421 | <tt>failonerror=true</tt>, but be ignored otherwise.
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| 422 |
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| 423 |
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| 424 |
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| 425 | </body>
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| 426 | </html>
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| 427 |
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