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| 8 | <title>Primary Sources: The death of Elizabeth of York and the betrothal of
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| 9 | Princess Margaret to the king of Scots, 1503</title>
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| 19 | <tr>
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| 20 | <td valign="bottom" colspan="3">
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| 21 | <p align="center"> <br>
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| 22 | <p align="center">
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| 23 | <img border="0" src="elizdeat.gif" width="609" height="140"><p align="center"> </td>
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| 24 | </tr>
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| 25 | <tr>
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| 26 | <td></td>
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| 29 | </tr>
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| 30 | <tr>
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| 31 | <td valign="top" width="48%" bgcolor="#FFFFE8"><font size="2">The account
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| 32 | at right was written by Tudor citizen Richard Grafton. Its spelling
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| 33 | has been modernized.</font><p><font size="2">Elizabeth of York was born on
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| 34 | 11 February 1465 to King Edward IV and his queen, Elizabeth Woodville.
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| 35 | After her father's death and her uncle Richard's usurpation, Elizabeth was
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| 36 | the sole Yorkist heir to the English throne. Her two brothers, the
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| 37 | infamous 'Princes in the Tower', had disappeared; their murders are
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| 38 | alternately blamed upon Richard and Elizabeth's future husband, King Henry
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| 39 | VII.</font></p>
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| 40 | <p><font size="2">Her marriage to Henry was planned by his mother, the
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| 41 | formidable Lady Margaret Beaufort, and her mother. Richard was
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| 42 | defeated in battle at Bosworth Field on 22 August 1485 and Henry was
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| 43 | declared king of England. He postponed the marriage for several
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| 44 | months, however; he did not wish his claim to the throne to be based upon
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| 45 | Elizabeth's status as heiress of Edward IV. They married on 18
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| 46 | January 1486 and their first child, a son called Arthur, was born nine
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| 47 | months later. They eventually had eight children, four of whom
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| 48 | survived infancy. She died in childbirth on her 38th birthday.
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| 49 | Henry VII never married again.</font></p>
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| 50 | <p><font size="2">Princess Margaret Tudor was the eldest daughter of Henry
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| 51 | VII and Elizabeth of York, born on 29 November 1489. She was married
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| 52 | to the Scottish king James IV on 8 August 1503, in an attempt to establish
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| 53 | peace between the two kingdoms. It did not work; James was killed at
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| 54 | Flodden Field in 1513, during the reign of Margaret's younger brother,
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| 55 | King Henry VIII. Margaret married twice more. Her
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| 56 | great-grandson, King James VI of Scotland, became King James I of England
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| 57 | in 1603, thus uniting the two countries. Margaret died on 18 October
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| 58 | 1541.</font></p>
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| 59 | <p> </td>
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| 60 | <td width="4%"></td>
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| 61 | <td valign="top" width="48%">
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| 62 | <p>....Queen Elizabeth, lying in the tower of London, was brought
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| 63 | to bed on Candlemas day of a fair daughter who was there christened and
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| 64 | named Catherine, and on 11 February, the most virtuous princess and gracious
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| 65 | queen there died, and was with all funeral pomp carried through the City
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| 66 | of London to Westminster, and there buried, whose daughter also lived but
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| 67 | a little time after her mother. </p>
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| 68 | <p>....All this winter preparation was made for the conveyance of Lady Margaret,
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| 69 | betrothed to the king of Scots, into Scotland. And when all things
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| 70 | were ready and prepared the king moved on the last day of June from Richmond,
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| 71 | in the company of this daughter, and came to Colyweston, where his mother
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| 72 | the countess of Richmond then was. And at the end of certain days
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| 73 | of recreation the king gave her his blessing with a fatherly exhortation,
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| 74 | and committed her conveyance to the king her husband's presence to the
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| 75 | earl of Surrey: and Henry Algernon Percy, earl of Northumberland was appointed
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| 76 | as Warden of the Marches, to deliver her at the border of both the Marches.
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| 77 | <p>Thus this fair lady was conveyed with a great company of lords, ladies,
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| 78 | knights, esquires and gentlemen until she came to Berwick and from there
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| 79 | to a village called Lambton Kirk in Scotland where the king with the flower
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| 80 | of Scotland was ready to receive her, to whom the earl of Northumberland
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| 81 | according to his commission delivered her.
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| 82 | <p>The Scots that day, I assure you, were not behind the English but far
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| 83 | above, both in dress and rich jewels and weighty chains.
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| 84 | <br> <p align="center">
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| 85 | <font size=-1><a href="primary.html">to
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| 86 | Primary Sources</a></font></td>
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| 87 | </tr>
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