source: for-distributions/trunk/bin/windows/perl/lib/Pod/perlcn.pod@ 14489

If you read this file _as_is_, just ignore the funny characters you
see. It is written in the POD format (see perlpod manpage) which is
specially designed to be readable as is.

The following documentation is written in EUC-CN encoding.

Èç¹ûÄãÓÃÒ»°ãµÄÎÄ×Ö±àŒ­Æ÷ÔÄÀÀÕâ·ÝÎÄŒþ, ÇëºöÂÔÎÄÖÐÆæÌصÄ×¢ŒÇ×Ö·û.
Õâ·ÝÎÄŒþÊÇÒÔ POD (ŒòÃ÷ÎÄŒþžñÊœ) ÐŽ³É; ÕâÖÖžñÊœÊÇΪÁËÄÜÈÃÈËÖ±œÓÔĶÁ,
¶øÌرðÉèŒÆµÄ. ¹ØÓÚŽËžñÊœµÄœøÒ»²œÐÅÏ¢, Çë²Î¿Œ perlpod ÏßÉÏÎÄŒþ.

=head1 NAME

perlcn - ŒòÌåÖÐÎÄ Perl ÖžÄÏ

=head1 DESCRIPTION

»¶Ó­ÀŽµœ Perl µÄÌìµØ!

ŽÓ 5.8.0 °æ¿ªÊŒ, Perl Ÿß±žÁËÍêÉÆµÄ Unicode (ͳһÂë) Ö§Ô®,
Ò²Á¬ŽøÖ§Ô®ÁËÐí¶àÀ­¶¡ÓïϵÒÔÍâµÄ±àÂ뷜ʜ; CJK (ÖÐÈÕº«) ±ãÊÇÆäÖеÄÒ»²¿·Ý.
Unicode ÊǹúŒÊÐԵıê׌, ÊÔÍŒº­žÇÊÀœçÉÏËùÓеÄ×Ö·û: Î÷·œÊÀœç, ¶«·œÊÀœç,
ÒÔŒ°ÁœÕߌäµÄÒ»ÇÐ (Ï£À°ÎÄ, ÐðÀûÑÇÎÄ, ÑÇÀ­²®ÎÄ, Ï£²®ÀŽÎÄ, Ó¡¶ÈÎÄ,
Ó¡µØ°²ÎÄ, µÈµÈ). ËüÒ²ÈÝÄÉÁ˶àÖÖ×÷ҵϵͳÓëƜ̚ (Èç PC Œ°ÂóœðËþ).

Perl ±ŸÉíÒÔ Unicode œøÐвÙ×÷. Õâ±íÊŸ Perl ÄÚ²¿µÄ×Ö·ûŽ®ÊýŸÝ¿ÉÓà Unicode
±íÊŸ; Perl µÄº¯ÊœÓëËã·û (ÀýÈçÕý¹æ±íÊŸÊœ±È¶Ô) Ò²ÄÜ¶Ô Unicode œøÐвÙ×÷.
ÔÚÊäÈ댰Êä³öʱ, ΪÁËŽŠÀíÒÔ Unicode ֮ǰµÄ±àÂ뷜ʜŽæ·ÅµÄÊýŸÝ, Perl
ÌṩÁË Encode ÕâžöÄ£¿é, ¿ÉÒÔÈÃÄãÇáÒ׵ضÁÈ¡Œ°ÐŽÈëŸÉÓеıàÂëÊýŸÝ.

Encode ÑÓÉìÄ£¿éÖ§Ô®ÏÂÁÐŒòÌåÖÐÎĵıàÂ뷜ʜ ('gb2312' ±íÊŸ 'euc-cn'):

    euc-cn  Unix ÑÓÉì×Ö·ûŒ¯, Ò²ŸÍÊÇË׳ƵĹú±êÂë
    gb2312-raw  ÎŽŸ­ŽŠÀíµÄ (µÍ±ÈÌØ) GB2312 ×Ö·û±í
    gb12345 ÎŽŸ­ŽŠÀíµÄÖйúÓ÷±ÌåÖÐÎıàÂë
    iso-ir-165  GB2312 + GB6345 + GB8565 + ÐÂÔö×Ö·û
    cp936   ×ÖÂëÒ³ 936, Ò²¿ÉÒÔÓà 'GBK' (À©³ä¹ú±êÂë) ÖžÃ÷
    hz      7 ±ÈÌØÒݳöÊœ GB2312 ±àÂë

ŸÙÀýÀŽËµ, œ« EUC-CN ±àÂëµÄµµ°ž×ª³É Unicode, ìóÐèŒüÈëÏÂÁÐÖžÁî:

    perl -Mencoding=euc-cn,STDOUT,utf8 -pe1 < file.euc-cn > file.utf8

Perl Ò²ÄÚžœÁË "piconv", Ò»Ö§ÍêÈ«ÒÔ Perl ÐŽ³ÉµÄ×Ö·ûת»»¹€Ÿß³ÌÐò, Ó÷šÈçÏÂ:

    piconv -f euc-cn -t utf8 < file.euc-cn > file.utf8
    piconv -f utf8 -t euc-cn < file.utf8 > file.euc-cn

ÁíÍâ, ÀûÓà encoding Ä£¿é, Äã¿ÉÒÔÇáÒ×ÐŽ³öÒÔ×Ö·ûΪµ¥Î»µÄ³ÌÐòÂë, ÈçÏÂËùÊŸ:

    #!/usr/bin/env perl
    # Æô¶¯ euc-cn ×ÖŽ®œâÎö; ±ê׌Êä³öÈ댰±ê׌ŽíÎó¶ŒÉèΪ euc-cn ±àÂë
    use encoding 'euc-cn', STDIN => 'euc-cn', STDOUT => 'euc-cn';
    print length("ÂæÍÕ");        #  2 (Ë«ÒýºÅ±íÊŸ×Ö·û)
    print length('ÂæÍÕ');        #  4 (µ¥ÒýºÅ±íÊŸ×ÖœÚ)
    print index("×»×»œÌ»å", "»×»œ"); # -1 (²»°üº¬ŽË×Ó×Ö·ûŽ®)
    print index('×»×»œÌ»å', '»×»œ'); #  1 (ŽÓµÚ¶þžö×֜ڿªÊŒ)

ÔÚ×îºóÒ»ÁÐÀý×ÓÀï, "×»" µÄµÚ¶þžö×ÖœÚÓë "×»" µÄµÚÒ»žö×֜ڜáºÏ³É EUC-CN
ÂëµÄ "»×"; "×»" µÄµÚ¶þžö×ÖœÚÔòÓë "œÌ" µÄµÚÒ»žö×֜ڜáºÏ³É "»œ".
ÕâœâŸöÁËÒÔÇ° EUC-CN Âë±È¶ÔŽŠÀíÉϳ£ŒûµÄÎÊÌâ.

=head2 ¶îÍâµÄÖÐÎıàÂë

Èç¹ûÐèÒªžü¶àµÄÖÐÎıàÂë, ¿ÉÒÔŽÓ CPAN (L<http://www.cpan.org/>) ÏÂÔØ
Encode::HanExtra Ä£¿é. ËüÄ¿Ç°ÌṩÏÂÁбàÂ뷜ʜ:

    gb18030 À©³ä¹ýµÄ¹ú±êÂë, °üº¬·±ÌåÖÐÎÄ

ÁíÍâ, Encode::HanConvert Ä£¿éÔòÌṩÁËŒò·±×ª»»ÓõÄÁœÖÖ±àÂë:

    big5-simp   Big5 ·±ÌåÖÐÎÄÓë Unicode ŒòÌåÖÐÎÄ»¥×ª
    gbk-trad    GBK ŒòÌåÖÐÎÄÓë Unicode ·±ÌåÖÐÎÄ»¥×ª

ÈôÏëÔÚ GBK Óë Big5 Ö®Œä»¥×ª, Çë²Î¿ŒžÃÄ£¿éÄÚžœµÄ b2g.pl Óë g2b.pl ÁœÖ§³ÌÐò,
»òÔÚ³ÌÐòÄÚʹÓÃÏÂÁÐÐŽ·š:

    use Encode::HanConvert;
    $euc_cn = big5_to_gb($big5); # ŽÓ Big5 תΪ GBK
    $big5 = gb_to_big5($euc_cn); # ŽÓ GBK תΪ Big5

=head2 œøÒ»²œµÄÐÅÏ¢

Çë²Î¿Œ Perl ÄÚžœµÄŽóÁ¿ËµÃ÷ÎÄŒþ (²»ÐÒÈ«ÊÇÓÃÓ¢ÎÄÐŽµÄ), ÀŽÑ§Ï°žü¶à¹ØÓÚ
Perl µÄ֪ʶ, ÒÔŒ° Unicode µÄʹÓ÷œÊœ. ²»¹ý, ÍⲿµÄ×ÊÔŽÏ൱·áž»:

=head2 Ìṩ Perl ×ÊÔŽµÄÍøÖ·

=over 4

=item L<http://www.perl.com/>

Perl µÄÊ×Ò³ (ÓÉÅ·À³Àñ¹«ËŸÎ¬»€)

=item L<http://www.cpan.org/>

Perl ×ۺϵä²ØÍø (Comprehensive Perl Archive Network)

=item L<http://lists.perl.org/>

Perl ÓʵÝÂÛ̳һÀÀ

=back

=head2 ѧϰ Perl µÄÍøÖ·

=over 4

=item L<http://www.oreilly.com.cn/html/perl.html>

ŒòÌåÖÐÎÄ°æµÄÅ·À³Àñ Perl Êéœå

=back

=head2 Perl ʹÓÃÕߌ¯»á

=over 4

=item L<http://www.pm.org/groups/asia.shtml#China>

Öйú Perl Íƹã×éÒ»ÀÀ

=back

=head2 Unicode Ïà¹ØÍøÖ·

=over 4

=item L<http://www.unicode.org/>

Unicode ѧÊõѧ»á (Unicode ±ê׌µÄÖƶšÕß)

=item L<http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/%7Emgk25/unicode.html>

Unix/Linux É쵀 UTF-8 Œ° Unicode Žð¿ÍÎÊ

=back

=head1 SEE ALSO

L<Encode>, L<Encode::CN>, L<encoding>, L<perluniintro>, L<perlunicode>

=head1 AUTHORS

Jarkko Hietaniemi E<lt>[email protected]<gt>

Autrijus Tang (ÌÆ×Úºº) E<lt>[email protected]<gt>

=cut