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16<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:46px; top:33px;"><span id="f1" style="font-size:24px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">2 | </span><span id="f1" style="font-size:12px;vertical-align:super;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">Introduction</span></div>
17<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:71px;"><span id="f2" style="font-size:11px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">Generating Accessible PDF Files from Authoring Applications</span></div>
18<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:89px;"><span id="f3" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(45,47,146,1);">“Creating Accessible PDF Files Using Authoring Applications” on page 53 </span><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">provides an example using</span></div>
19<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:101px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">Microsoft Word of how to use Acrobat’s PDFMaker to make an accessible PDF files from a word processing</span></div>
20<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:113px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">application.</span></div>
21<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:130px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">Even if you generate an accessible PDF file from an authoring application, you should then follow the steps</span></div>
22<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:142px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">in </span><span id="f3" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(45,47,146,1);">“Acrobat 9 Pro PDF Accessibility Repair Workflow” on page 5 </span><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">in order to identify any items that may</span></div>
23<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:154px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">have been missed in the initial conversion or to add PDF accessibility features that are not provided by the</span></div>
24<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:166px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">authoring tool.</span></div>
25<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:188px;"><span id="f2" style="font-size:13px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">Characteristics of Accessible PDF files</span></div>
26<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:210px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">The Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) is the native file format of the Adobe® Acrobat® family of</span></div>
27<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:222px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">products. The goal of these products is to enable users to exchange and view electronic documents easily and</span></div>
28<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:234px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">reliably, independently of the environment in which they were created. PDF relies on the same imaging</span></div>
29<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:246px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">model as the PostScript® page description language to describe text and graphics in a device-independent</span></div>
30<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:258px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">and resolution-independent manner. To improve performance for interactive viewing, PDF defines a more</span></div>
31<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:270px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">structured format than that used by most PostScript language programs. PDF also includes objects, such as</span></div>
32<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:282px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">annotations and hypertext links, that are not part of the page itself but are useful for interactive viewing and</span></div>
33<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:294px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">document interchange.</span></div>
34<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:311px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">Accessible PDFs have the following characteristics:</span></div>
35<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:333px;"><span id="f2" style="font-size:11px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">Searchable text</span></div>
36<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:351px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">A document that consists of scanned images of text is inherently inaccessible because the content of the</span></div>
37<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:363px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">document is a graphic representing the letters on the page, not searchable text. Assistive software cannot</span></div>
38<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:375px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">read or extract the words in a graphic representation, users cannot select or edit the text, and you cannot</span></div>
39<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:387px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">manipulate the PDF for accessibility. You must convert the scanned images of text to searchable text using</span></div>
40<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:399px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">optical character recognition (OCR) before you can use other accessibility features with the document </span><span id="f3" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(45,47,146,1);">(See</span></div>
41<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:411px;"><span id="f3" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(45,47,146,1);">“Step 2: Determine if the PDF is a Scanned Document” on page 5).</span></div>
42<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:433px;"><span id="f2" style="font-size:11px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">Fonts that allow characters to be extracted to text</span></div>
43<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:451px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">The fonts in an accessible PDF must contain enough information for Acrobat to correctly extract all of the</span></div>
44<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:463px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">characters to text for purposes other than displaying text on the screen. Acrobat extracts characters to</span></div>
45<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:475px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">Unicode text when you read a PDF with a screen reader or the Read Out Loud tool, or when you save as text</span></div>
46<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:487px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">for a braille printer. This extraction fails if Acrobat cannot determine how to map the font to Unicode</span></div>
47<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:499px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">characters.</span></div>
48<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:521px;"><span id="f2" style="font-size:11px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">Interactive form fields</span></div>
49<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:539px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">Some PDFs contain forms that a person is to fill out using a computer. To be accessible, form fields must be</span></div>
50<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:551px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">interactive—meaning that a user must be able to enter values into the form fields </span><span id="f3" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(45,47,146,1);">(See “Step 3: Add</span></div>
51<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:563px;"><span id="f3" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(45,47,146,1);">Interactive Features: Form Fields and Buttons” on page 8). </span><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">Interactive PDF forms also have a defined tab</span></div>
52<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:575px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">order allowing users of assistive technology to use the tab key in order to progress from one form field or</span></div>
53<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:587px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">interactive control in a logical manner.</span></div>
54<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:609px;"><span id="f2" style="font-size:11px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">Other Features: Buttons, hyperlinks, and navigational aids</span></div>
55<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:627px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">Navigational aids in a PDF—such as links, bookmarks, headings, a table of contents, and a preset tab order</span></div>
56<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:639px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">for form fields—assist all users in using the document without having to read through the entire document,</span></div>
57<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:651px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">word by word. Bookmarks are especially useful and can be created from document headings. Many of these</span></div>
58<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:663px;"><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">aids can be accessed using the keyboard without relying on the mouse </span><span id="f3" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(45,47,146,1);">(See “Step 3: Add Interactive</span></div>
59<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:675px;"><span id="f3" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(45,47,146,1);">Features: Form Fields and Buttons” on page 8). </span><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">and </span><span id="f3" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(45,47,146,1);">(See “Step 4: Add Other Accessibility Features” on</span></div>
60<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:90px; top:687px;"><span id="f3" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(45,47,146,1);">page 16).</span><span id="f4" style="font-size:10px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">.</span></div>
61<div class="txt" style="position:absolute; left:237px; top:748px;"><span id="f1" style="font-size:12px;vertical-align:baseline;color:rgba(0,0,0,1);">Making PDF Accessible with Adobe Acrobat 9 Pro</span></div>
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