source: other-projects/nightly-tasks/diffcol/trunk/gs3-model-collect/Associated-Files/archives/HASH0190.dir/doc.xml@ 28241

Last change on this file since 28241 was 28241, checked in by ak19, 11 years ago

Rebuilt the GS3 model collection after the change over to using placeholders for standard GS path prefixes in the two archiveinf gdb files
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10 <Metadata name="Title">Greenstone: A Comprehensive Open-Source</Metadata>
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25 <Metadata name="dc.Creator">Sally Jo Cunningham</Metadata>
26 <Metadata name="dc.Title">Applications for Bibliometric Research in the Emerging Digital Libraries</Metadata>
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47 <Content>
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49&lt;!--Section Begins--&gt;&lt;br&gt;
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55&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: center; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
56&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;Greenstone: A Comprehensive Open-Source Digital Library Software System&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
57&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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72&lt;i&gt;Ian H. Witten,&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; Rodger J. McNab,&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&amp;dagger;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; Stefan J. Boddie,&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; David Bainbridge&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/i&gt;
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80&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; Dept of Computer Science
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88University of Waikato, New Zealand
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96E-mail: {ihw, sjboddie, davidb}@cs.waikato.ac.nz
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104&lt;sup&gt;&amp;dagger; &lt;/sup&gt;Digilib Systems
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112Hamilton, New Zealand
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120E-mail: [email protected]
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158&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;Abstract&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
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165&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
166This paper describes the Greenstone digital library software, a comprehensive, open-source system for the construction and presentation of information collections. Collections built with Greenstone offer effective full-text searching and metadata-based browsing facilities that are attractive and easy to use. Moreover, they are easily maintainable and can be augmented and rebuilt entirely automatically. The system is extensible: software &amp;ldquo;plugins&amp;rdquo; accommodate different document and metadata types.
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174&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;Introduction&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
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182Notwithstanding intense research activity in the digital library field during the second half of the 1990s, comprehensive software systems for creating digital libraries are not widely available. In fact, the usual solution when creating a digital library is also the most obvious&amp;mdash;just put it on the Web. But consider how much effort is involved in constructing a Web site for a digital library. To be effective it needs to be visually attractive and ergonomically easy to use, incorporate convenient and powerful searching capabilities, and offer rich and natural browsing facilities. Above all it must be easy to maintain and augment, which presents a significant challenge if any manual organization is involved.
183&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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190The alternative is to automate these activities through software tools. But the broad scope of digital library requirements makes this a daunting prospect. Ideally the software should incorporate facilities ranging from multilingual information retrieval to distributed computing protocols, from interoperability to search engine technology, from metadata standards to multiformat document parsing, from multimedia to multiple operating systems, from Web browsers to plug-and-play DVDs.
191&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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198The Greenstone Digital Library Software from the New Zealand Digital Library (NZDL) project tackles this issue by providing a new way of organizing information and making it available over the Internet. A &lt;i&gt;collection&lt;/i&gt; of information comprises several (typically several thousand, or several million) &lt;i&gt;documents&lt;/i&gt;, and a uniform interface is provided to all documents in a collection. A library may include many different collections, each organized differently&amp;mdash;though there is a strong family resemblance in how collections are presented.
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206Making information available using this system is far more than &amp;ldquo;just putting it on the Web.&amp;rdquo; The collection becomes maintainable, searchable, and browsable. Each collection, prior to presentation, undergoes a &amp;ldquo;building&amp;rdquo; process that, once established, is completely automatic. This process creates all the structures that are used at run-time for accessing the collection. Searching is based on various indexes, while browsing is based on various metadata; support structures for both are created during the building operation. When new material appears it can be fully incorporated into the collection by rebuilding.
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214To address the exceptionally broad demands of digital libraries, the system is public and extensible. It is issued under the Gnu public license and, in the spirit of open-source software, users are invited to contribute modifications and enhancements. Only through an international cooperative effort will digital library software become sufficiently comprehensive to meet the world's needs. Currently the Greenstone software is used at sites in Canada, Germany, New Zealand, Romania, UK, and the US, and collections range from newspaper articles to technical documents, from educational journals to oral history, from visual art to folksongs. The software has been used for collections in many different languages, and for CD-ROMs that have been published by the United Nations and other humanitarian agencies in Belgium, France, Japan, and the US for distribution in developing countries (Humanity Libraries, 1998; PAHO, 1999; UNESCO, 1999; UNU, 1998). Further details can be obtained from &lt;i&gt;www.nzdl.org&lt;/i&gt;.
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222&lt;img width=&quot;740&quot; height=&quot;658&quot; alt=&quot;0x01 graphic&quot; src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/greenstone10.png&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
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230&lt;b&gt;Figure &lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;1&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;: Searching the HDL collection&lt;/b&gt;
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238This paper sets the scene with a brief discussion of what a digital library is. We then give an overview of the facilities offered by Greenstone and show how end users find information in collections. Next we describe the files and directories involved in a collection, and then discuss the processes of updating existing collections and creating new ones, including extending the software to provide new facilities. We conclude with an overview of related work.
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246&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;What is a digital library?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
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254Ten definitions of the term &amp;ldquo;digital library&amp;rdquo; have been culled from the literature by Fox (1998), and their spirit is captured in the following brief characterization:
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262&lt;i&gt;A collection of digital objects, including text, video, and audio, along with methods for access and retrieval, and for selection, organization and maintenance of the collection&lt;/i&gt;
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270(Akscyn and Witten, 1998). Lesk (1998) views digital libraries as &amp;ldquo;organized collections of digital information,&amp;rdquo; and wisely recommends that they articulate the principles governing what is included and how the collection is organized.
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278Digital libraries are generally distinguished from the World-Wide Web, the essential difference being in selection and organization. But they are not generally distinguished from a web &lt;i&gt;site&lt;/i&gt;: indeed, virtually all extant digital libraries manifest themselves as a web site. Hence the obvious question: to make a digital library, why not just put the information on the Web?
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286But we make a distinction between a digital library and a web site that lies at the heart of our software design: one should easily be able to add new material to a library without having to integrate it manually or edit its content in any way. Once added, new material should immediately become a first-class component of the library. And what permits it to be integrated into existing searching and browsing structures without any manual intervention is &lt;i&gt;metadata&lt;/i&gt;. This provides sufficient focus to the concept of &amp;ldquo;digital library&amp;rdquo; to support the development of a construction kit.
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294&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;Overview of Greenstone&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
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302Information collections built by Greenstone combine extensive full-text search facilities with browsing indexes based on different metadata types. There are several ways for users to find information, although they differ between collections depending on the metadata available and the collection design. Typically you can &lt;i&gt;search for particular words&lt;/i&gt; that appear in the text, or within a section of a document, or within a title or section heading. You can &lt;i&gt;browse documents by title&lt;/i&gt;: just click on the displayed book icon to read it. You can &lt;i&gt;browse documents by subject&lt;/i&gt;. Subjects are represented by bookshelves: just click on a shelf to see the books. Where appropriate, documents come complete with a table of contents (constructed automatically): you can click on a chapter or subsection to open it, expand the full table of contents, or expand the full document.
303&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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310An example of searching is shown in Figure 1 where documents in the Global Help Project's Humanity Development Library (HDL) are being searched for chapters matching the word &lt;i&gt;butterfly&lt;/i&gt;. In Figure 2 the same collection is being browsed by subject: by clicking on the bookshelf icons the user has discovered an item under Section 16, Animal Husbandry. Pursuing an interest in butterfly farming, the user selects a book by clicking on its book icon. In Figure 3 the front cover of the book is displayed as a graphic on the left, and the automatically constructed table of contents appears at the start of the document. The current focus, &lt;i&gt;Introduction and Summary&lt;/i&gt;, is shown in bold in the table of contents with its text starting further down the page.
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318In accordance with Lesk's advice, a statement of purpose and coverage accompanies each collection, along with an explanation of how it is organized (Figure 1 shows the start of this). A distinction is made between &lt;i&gt;searching&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;browsing&lt;/i&gt;. Searching is full-text, and&amp;mdash;depending on the collection's design&amp;mdash;the user can choose between indexes built from different parts of the documents, or from different metadata. Some collections have an index of full documents, an index of sections, an index of paragraphs, an index of titles, and an index of section headings, each of which can be searched for particular words or phrases. Browsing involves data structures created from metadata that the user can examine: lists of authors, lists of titles, lists of dates, hierarchical classification structures, and so on. Data structures for both browsing and searching are built according to instructions in a configuration file, which controls both building and serving the collection. Sample configuration files are discussed below.
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334&lt;img width=&quot;740&quot; height=&quot;658&quot; alt=&quot;0x01 graphic&quot; src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/greenstone11.png&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
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342&lt;b&gt;Figure &lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;2&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;: Browsing the HDL collection by subject&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
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350Rich browsing facilities can be provided by manually linking parts of documents together and building explicit indexes and tables of contents. However, manually-created linking becomes difficult to maintain, and often falls into disrepair when a collection expands. The Greenstone software takes a different tack: it facilitates &lt;i&gt;maintainability&lt;/i&gt; by creating all searching and browsing structures automatically from the documents themselves. No links are inserted by hand. This means that when new documents in the same format become available, they can be added automatically. Indeed, for some collections this is done by processes that wake up regularly, scout for new material, and rebuild the indexes&amp;mdash;all without manual intervention.
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358Collections comprise many documents: thousands, tens of thousands, or even millions. Each document may be hierarchically organized into &lt;i&gt;sections&lt;/i&gt; (subsections, sub-subsections, and so on). Each section comprises one or more &lt;i&gt;paragraphs&lt;/i&gt;. Metadata such as author, title, date, keywords, and so on, may be associated with documents, or with individual sections of documents. This is the raw material for indexes. It must either be provided explicitly for each document and section (for example, in an accompanying spreadsheet) or be derivable automatically from the source documents. Metadata is converted to Dublin Core and stored with the document for internal use.
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366In order to accommodate different kinds of source documents, the software is organized so that &amp;ldquo;plugins&amp;rdquo; can be written for new document types. Plugins exist for plain text documents, HTML documents, email documents, and bibliographic formats. Word documents are handled by saving them as HTML; PostScript ones by applying a preprocessor (Nevill-Manning &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., 1998). Specially written plugins also exist for proprietary formats such as that used by the BBC archives department. A collection may have source documents in different forms: it is just a matter of specifying all the necessary plugins. In order to build browsing indexes from metadata, an analogous scheme of &amp;ldquo;classifiers&amp;rdquo; is used: classifiers create indexes of various kinds based on metadata. Source documents are brought into the Greenstone system through a process called &lt;i&gt;importing&lt;/i&gt;, which uses the plugins and classifiers specified in the collection configuration file.
367&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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374The international Unicode character set is used throughout, so documents&amp;mdash;and interfaces&amp;mdash;can be written in any language. Collections have so far been produced in English, French, Spanish, German, Maori, Chinese, and Arabic. The NZDL Web site provides numerous examples. Collections can contain text, pictures, and even audio and video clips; a text-only version of the interface is also provided to accommodate visually impaired users. Compression technology is used to ensure best use of storage (Witten &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., 1999). Most non-textual material is either linked to textual documents or accompanied by textual descriptions (such as photo captions) to allow full-text searching and browsing. However, the architecture permits the implementation of plugins and classifiers even for non-textual data.
375&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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382The system includes an &amp;ldquo;administrative&amp;rdquo; function whereby specified users can examine the composition of all collections, protect documents so that they can only be accessed by registered users on presentation of a password, and so on. Logs of user activity are kept that record all queries made to every Greenstone collection (though this facility can be disabled).
383&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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390Although primarily designed for Internet access over the World-Wide Web, collections can be made available, in precisely the same form, on CD-ROM. In either case they are accessed through any Web browser. Greenstone CD-ROMs operate on a standalone PC under Windows 3.X, 95, 98, and NT, and the interaction is identical to accessing the collection on the Web&amp;mdash;except that response is faster and more predictable. The requirement to operate on early Windows systems is one that plagues the software design, but is crucial for many users&amp;mdash;particularly those in underdeveloped countries seeking access to humanitarian aid collections. If the PC is connected to a network (intranet or Internet), a custom-built Web server provided on each CD makes exactly the same information available to others through their standard Web browser. The use of compression ensures that the greatest possible volume of information can be packed on to a CD-ROM.
391&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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398The collection-serving software operates under Unix and Windows NT, and works with standard Web servers. A flexible process structure allows different collections to be served by different computers, yet be presented to the user in the same way, on the same Web page, as part of the same digital library, even as part of the same collection (McNab and Witten, 1998). Existing collections can be updated and new ones brought on-line at any time, without bringing the system down; the process responsible for the user interface will notice (through periodic polling) when new collections appear and add them to the list presented to the user.
399&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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406&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;&lt;img width=&quot;760&quot; height=&quot;662&quot; alt=&quot;0x01 graphic&quot; src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/greenstone12.png&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
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414&lt;b&gt;Figure &lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;3&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;: Reading a book in the HDL&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
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422&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;Finding information &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
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430Greenstone digital library systems generally include several separate collections. A home page allows you to select a collection; in addition, each collection has its own &amp;ldquo;about&amp;rdquo; page that gives you information about how the collection is organized and the principles governing what is included.
431&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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438All icons in the screenshots of Figures 1-4 are clickable. Those icons at the top of the page return to the home page, provide help text, and allow you to set user interface and searching preferences. The navigation bar underneath gives access to the searching and browsing facilities, which differ from one collection to another.
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446Each of the five buttons provides a different way to find information. You can &lt;i&gt;search for particular words&lt;/i&gt; that appear in the text from the &amp;ldquo;search&amp;rdquo; page (or from the &amp;ldquo;about&amp;rdquo; page of Figure 1). This collection contains indexes of chapters, section titles, and entire books. The default search interface is a simple one, suitable for casual users; advanced searching&amp;mdash;which allows full Boolean expressions, phrase searching, case and stemming control&amp;mdash;can be enabled from the &lt;i&gt;Preferences&lt;/i&gt; page.
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454This collection has four browsable metadata indexes. You can &lt;i&gt;access publications by subject&lt;/i&gt; by clicking the &lt;i&gt;subjects&lt;/i&gt; button, which brings up a list of subjects, represented by bookshelves (Figure 2). You can &lt;i&gt;access publications by title&lt;/i&gt; by clicking &lt;i&gt;titles a-z&lt;/i&gt; (Figure 4), which brings up a list of books in alphabetic order. You can &lt;i&gt;access publications by organization&lt;/i&gt; (i.e. Dublin Core &amp;ldquo;publisher&amp;rdquo;), bringing up a list of organizations. You can &lt;i&gt;access publications by &amp;ldquo;how to&amp;rdquo; listing&lt;/i&gt;, yielding a list of hints defined by the collection's editors. We use the Dublin Core as a base and extend it in an &lt;i&gt;ad hoc&lt;/i&gt; manner to accommodate the individual requirements of collection designers.
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462&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;Files in a collection&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
463&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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470When a new collection is created or material is added to an existing one, the original source documents are first brought into the system through a process known as &amp;ldquo;importing.&amp;rdquo; This involves converting documents into a simple HTML-like format known as GML (for &amp;ldquo;Greenstone Markup Language&amp;rdquo;), which includes any metadata associated with the document. Documents are assumed to be in the Unicode UTF-8 code (of which the ASCII characters form a subset).
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478&lt;b&gt;Files and directories&lt;/b&gt;
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486There is a separate directory for each collection, which contains five subdirectories: the original raw material (&lt;i&gt;import&lt;/i&gt;), the GML files created from this (&lt;i&gt;archives&lt;/i&gt;), the final collection as it is served to users (&lt;i&gt;index&lt;/i&gt;), a directory for use during the building process (&lt;i&gt;building&lt;/i&gt;), and one for any supporting files (&lt;i&gt;etc&lt;/i&gt;)&amp;mdash;including the configuration file that controls the collection creation procedure. Additional files might be required: for example, building a hierarchy of classifications requires a data file of sub-classifications.
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494&lt;b&gt;The imported documents&lt;/b&gt;
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502In order to identify documents internally, a unique object identifier or OID is assigned to each original source document when it is imported (formed by hashing the content, to overcome file duplication effects caused by mirroring) and stored as metadata within that document. It is important that OIDs persist throughout the index-building process&amp;mdash;so that a user's search history is unaffected by rebuilding the collection. OIDs are assigned by hashing the contents of the original source document.
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510Once imported, each document is stored in its own subdirectory of &lt;i&gt;archives&lt;/i&gt;, along with any associated files&amp;mdash;for example, images. To ensure compatibility with Windows 3.0, only eight characters are used in directory and file names, which causes annoying but essentially trivial complications.
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518&lt;b&gt;Inside the documents&lt;/b&gt;
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526The GML format imposes a limited amount of structure on documents. Documents are divided into paragraphs. They can be split hierarchically into sections and subsections. OIDs are extended to identify these components by appending numbers, separated by periods, to a document's OID. When a book is read, its section hierarchy is visible as the table of contents (Figure 3). Chapters, sections, subsections, and pages are all implemented simply as &amp;ldquo;sections&amp;rdquo; within the document. In some collections documents do not have a hierarchical subsection structure, but are split into pages to permit browsing within a retrieved document.
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534The document structure is used for searchable indexes. There are three levels of index: &lt;i&gt;documents&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;sections&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;paragraphs&lt;/i&gt;, corresponding to the distinctions that GML makes&amp;mdash;the hierarchical structure is flattened for the purposes of creating these indexes. Indexes can be of text, or metadata, or any combination. Thus you can create a searchable index of section titles, and/or authors, and/or document descriptions, as well as the document text.
535&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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540
541&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: center; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
542&lt;img width=&quot;698&quot; height=&quot;698&quot; alt=&quot;0x01 graphic&quot; src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/greenstone13.png&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
543&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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549&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: center; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
550&lt;b&gt;Figure 4&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;: Browsing titles in the HDL&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
551&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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556
557&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
558&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;Updating existing collections&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
559&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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564
565&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
566Updating an existing collection with new files in the same format is easy. For example, the raw material for the HDL is supplied in the form of HTML files marked up with &amp;lt;&amp;lt;TOC&amp;gt;&amp;gt; tags to split books into sections and subsections, and &amp;lt;&amp;lt;I&amp;gt;&amp;gt; tags to indicate where an image is to be inserted. For each book in the library there is a directory that contains a single HTML file representing the book, and separate files containing the associated images. An accompanying spreadsheet file contains the classification hierarchy; this is converted to a simple file format (using Excel's &lt;i&gt;Save As&lt;/i&gt; command).
567&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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572
573&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
574Since the collection exists, its directory is already set up with subdirectories &lt;i&gt;import&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;archives&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;building&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;index&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;etc&lt;/i&gt;, and the &lt;i&gt;etc&lt;/i&gt; directory will contain a suitable collection configuration file.
575&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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579&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Heading 2&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 6.94mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
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581&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
582&lt;b&gt;The updating procedure&lt;/b&gt;
583&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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589&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
590To update a collection, the new raw material is placed in the &lt;i&gt;import&lt;/i&gt; directory, in whatever form it is available. Then the &lt;i&gt;import&lt;/i&gt; process is invoked, which converts the files into GML using the specified plugins. Old material for which GML files have previously been created is not re-imported. Then the &lt;i&gt;build&lt;/i&gt; process is invoked to build the requisite indexes for the collection. Finally, the contents of the &lt;i&gt;building&lt;/i&gt; directory are moved into the &lt;i&gt;index&lt;/i&gt; directory, and the new version of the collection automatically becomes live.
591&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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597&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
598This procedure may seem cumbersome. But all the steps are necessary for efficient operation with large collections. The &lt;i&gt;import&lt;/i&gt; process could be performed on the fly during the building operation&amp;mdash;but because building indexes is a multipass operation, the often lengthy importing would be repeated several times. The &lt;i&gt;build&lt;/i&gt; process can take considerable time&amp;mdash;a day or two, for very large collections. Consequently, the results are placed in the &lt;i&gt;building&lt;/i&gt; directory so that, if the collection already exists, it will continue to be served to users in its old form throughout the building operation.
599&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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605&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
606Active users of the collection will not be disturbed when the new version becomes live&amp;mdash;they will probably not even notice. The persistent OIDs ensure that interactions remain coherent&amp;mdash;users who are examining the results of a query or browse operation will still retrieve the expected documents&amp;mdash;and if a search is actually in progress when the change takes place the program detects the resulting file-structure inconsistency and automatically and transparently re-executes the query, this time on the new version of the collection.
607&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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613&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
614&lt;b&gt;How it works&lt;/b&gt;
615&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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621&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
622The original material in the &lt;i&gt;import&lt;/i&gt; directory may be in any format, and plugins are required to process each format type. The plugins that a collection uses must be specified in the collection configuration file. The &lt;i&gt;import&lt;/i&gt; program reads the list of plugins and passes each document to each plugin in order until it finds one that can process it. When updating an existing collection, all plugins necessary to process new material should already have been specified in the configuration file.
623&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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629&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
630The building step creates the indexes for both searching and browsing. The MG software is generally used to do the searching (Witten &lt;i&gt;et al.&lt;/i&gt;, 1999), and the &lt;i&gt;mgbuild&lt;/i&gt; module is automatically invoked to create each of the indexes that is required. For example, the Humanity Development Library has three indexes, one for entire books, one for chapters, and one for section titles. Subdirectories of the &lt;i&gt;index&lt;/i&gt; directory are created for each of these indexes.
631&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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645&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
646creator
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652
653&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
654[email protected]
655&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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679&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
680maintainer
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685&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
686
687&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
688[email protected]
689&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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714public
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722True
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839&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;6.36%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
840
841&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
842
843&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
844
845
846
847&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;19.69%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
848
849&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
850plugins
851&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
852
853
854
855&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
856
857&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
858GMLPlug TEXTPlug ArcPlug RecPlug
859&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
860
861
862
863&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;9.08%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
864
865&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
8667
867&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
868
869&lt;/tr&gt;
870
871
872
873&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;6.36%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
874
875&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
876
877&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
878
879
880
881&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;19.69%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
882
883&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
884
885&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
886
887
888
889&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
890
891&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
892
893&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
894
895
896
897&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;9.08%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
898
899&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
9008
901&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
902
903&lt;/tr&gt;
904
905
906
907&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;6.36%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
908
909&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
910
911&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
912
913
914
915&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;19.69%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
916
917&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
918classify
919&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
920
921
922
923&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
924
925&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
926AZList metadata=Title
927&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
928
929
930
931&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;9.08%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
932
933&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
9349
935&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
936
937&lt;/tr&gt;
938
939
940
941&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;6.36%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
942
943&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
944
945&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
946
947
948
949&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;19.69%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
950
951&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
952
953&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
954
955
956
957&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
958
959&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
960
961&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
962
963
964
965&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;9.08%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
966
967&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
96810
969&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
970
971&lt;/tr&gt;
972
973
974
975&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;6.36%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
976
977&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
978
979&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
980
981
982
983&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;19.69%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
984
985&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
986collectionmeta
987&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
988
989
990
991&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
992
993&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
994collectionname &amp;quot;generic text collection&amp;quot;
995&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
996
997
998
999&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;9.08%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1000
1001&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
100211
1003&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1004
1005&lt;/tr&gt;
1006
1007
1008
1009&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;6.36%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1010
1011&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1012(a)
1013&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1014
1015
1016
1017&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;19.69%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1018
1019&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1020collectionmeta
1021&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1022
1023
1024
1025&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1026
1027&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1028.document:text &amp;quot;documents&amp;quot;
1029&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1030
1031
1032
1033&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;9.08%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1034
1035&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
103612
1037&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1038
1039&lt;/tr&gt;
1040
1041&lt;/table&gt;
1042
1043&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;label&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1044
1045&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1046
1047&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1048
1049
1050&lt;table width=&quot;92.93%25&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cols=&quot;4&quot; rows=&quot;17&quot;&gt;
1051&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;6.36%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1052
1053&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1054
1055&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1056
1057
1058
1059&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;19.69%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1060
1061&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1062creator
1063&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1064
1065
1066
1067&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1068
1069&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1070[email protected]
1071&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1072
1073
1074
1075&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;9.08%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1076
1077&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
10781
1079&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1080
1081&lt;/tr&gt;
1082
1083
1084
1085&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;6.36%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1086
1087&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1088
1089&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1090
1091
1092
1093&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;19.69%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1094
1095&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1096maintainer
1097&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1098
1099
1100
1101&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1102
1103&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1104[email protected]
1105&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1106
1107
1108
1109&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;9.08%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1110
1111&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
11122
1113&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1114
1115&lt;/tr&gt;
1116
1117
1118
1119&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;6.36%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1120
1121&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1122
1123&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1124
1125
1126
1127&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;19.69%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1128
1129&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1130public
1131&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1132
1133
1134
1135&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1136
1137&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1138True
1139&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1140
1141
1142
1143&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;9.08%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1144
1145&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
11463
1147&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1148
1149&lt;/tr&gt;
1150
1151
1152
1153&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;6.36%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1154
1155&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1156
1157&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1158
1159
1160
1161&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;19.69%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1162
1163&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1164
1165&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1166
1167
1168
1169&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1170
1171&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1172
1173&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1174
1175
1176
1177&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;9.08%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1178
1179&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
11804
1181&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1182
1183&lt;/tr&gt;
1184
1185
1186
1187&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;6.36%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1188
1189&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1190
1191&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1192
1193
1194
1195&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;19.69%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1196
1197&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1198indexes
1199&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1200
1201
1202
1203&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1204
1205&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1206document:text document:From
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1208
1209
1210
1211&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;9.08%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1212
1213&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
12145
1215&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1216
1217&lt;/tr&gt;
1218
1219
1220
1221&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;6.36%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1222
1223&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1224
1225&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1226
1227
1228
1229&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;19.69%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1230
1231&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1232defaultindex
1233&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1234
1235
1236
1237&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1238
1239&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1240document:text
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1242
1243
1244
1245&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;9.08%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1246
1247&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
12486
1249&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1250
1251&lt;/tr&gt;
1252
1253
1254
1255&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;6.36%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1256
1257&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1258
1259&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1260
1261
1262
1263&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;19.69%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1264
1265&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1266plugins
1267&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1268
1269
1270
1271&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1272
1273&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1274GMLPlug EMAILPlug ArcPlug RecPlug
1275&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1276
1277
1278
1279&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;9.08%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1280
1281&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
12827
1283&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1284
1285&lt;/tr&gt;
1286
1287
1288
1289&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;6.36%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1290
1291&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1292
1293&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1294
1295
1296
1297&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;19.69%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1298
1299&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1300
1301&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1302
1303
1304
1305&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1306
1307&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1308
1309&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1310
1311
1312
1313&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;9.08%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1314
1315&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
13168
1317&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1318
1319&lt;/tr&gt;
1320
1321
1322
1323&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;6.36%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1324
1325&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1326
1327&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1328
1329
1330
1331&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;19.69%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1332
1333&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1334classify
1335&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1336
1337
1338
1339&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1340
1341&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1342AZList metadata=Title
1343&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1344
1345
1346
1347&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;9.08%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1348
1349&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
13509
1351&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1352
1353&lt;/tr&gt;
1354
1355
1356
1357&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;6.36%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1358
1359&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1360
1361&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1362
1363
1364
1365&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;19.69%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1366
1367&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1368classify
1369&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1370
1371
1372
1373&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1374
1375&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1376DateList
1377&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1378
1379
1380
1381&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;9.08%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1382
1383&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
138410
1385&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1386
1387&lt;/tr&gt;
1388
1389
1390
1391&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;6.36%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1392
1393&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1394
1395&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1396
1397
1398
1399&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;19.69%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1400
1401&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1402
1403&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1404
1405
1406
1407&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1408
1409&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1410
1411&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1412
1413
1414
1415&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;9.08%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1416
1417&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
141811
1419&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1420
1421&lt;/tr&gt;
1422
1423
1424
1425&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;6.36%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1426
1427&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1428
1429&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1430
1431
1432
1433&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;19.69%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1434
1435&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1436collectionmeta
1437&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1438
1439
1440
1441&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1442
1443&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1444collectionname &amp;quot;Email messages&amp;quot;
1445&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1446
1447
1448
1449&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;9.08%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1450
1451&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
145212
1453&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1454
1455&lt;/tr&gt;
1456
1457
1458
1459&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;6.36%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1460
1461&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1462
1463&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1464
1465
1466
1467&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;19.69%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1468
1469&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1470collectionmeta
1471&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1472
1473
1474
1475&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1476
1477&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1478.document:text &amp;quot;documents&amp;quot;
1479&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1480
1481
1482
1483&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;9.08%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1484
1485&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
148613
1487&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1488
1489&lt;/tr&gt;
1490
1491
1492
1493&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;6.36%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1494
1495&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1496
1497&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1498
1499
1500
1501&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;19.69%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1502
1503&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1504collectionmeta
1505&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1506
1507
1508
1509&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;64.87%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1510
1511&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1512.document:From &amp;quot;email senders&amp;quot;
1513&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1514
1515
1516
1517&lt;td bgcolor=&quot;White&quot; width=&quot;9.08%25&quot; rowspan=&quot;1&quot; colspan=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1518
1519&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
152014
1521&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1522
1523&lt;/tr&gt;
1524
1525
1526
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1528
1529&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1530
1531&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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1536
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1538
1539&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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1545&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1546
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1552
1553&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
155415
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1556
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1563&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1564
1565&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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1570
1571&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1572format
1573&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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1576
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1578
1579&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1580QueryResults /
1581&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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1584
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1586
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158816
1589&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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1591&lt;/tr&gt;
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1596
1597&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1598(b)
1599&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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1606
1607&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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1613&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1614&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;[link][icon][/link]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;[Title]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td&amp;gt;[Author]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;
1615&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1616
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1623&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
1624
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1626
1627&lt;/table&gt;
1628
1629&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;label&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1630
1631&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: center; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1632&lt;b&gt;Figure 5: Collection configuration files (a) generic, (b) for an email collection&lt;/b&gt;
1633&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1634
1635
1636
1637&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;paragraph&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1638
1639&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1640MG also compresses the text of the collection; and the image files are linked into the &lt;i&gt;index&lt;/i&gt; subdirectory. Now none of the material in the &lt;i&gt;import&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;archives&lt;/i&gt; directories is needed to run the collection and can be removed from the file system (though they would be needed if the collection were rebuilt).
1641&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1642
1643
1644
1645&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;paragraph&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1646
1647&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1648Associated with each collection is a database stored in GDBM (Gnu database manager) format. This contains an entry for each document, giving its OID, its internal MG document number, and metadata such as title. Information for each of the browsing indexes, which appear as buttons on the Greenstone search/browse bar, is also extracted during the building process and stored in the database. A &amp;ldquo;classifier&amp;rdquo; program is required for each browsing index to extract the appropriate information from GML documents. Like plugins, classifiers are written on an &lt;i&gt;ad hoc&lt;/i&gt; basis for the particular information required, and where possible reused from one collection to another.
1649&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1650
1651
1652
1653&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;paragraph&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1654
1655&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1656The building program creates the indexes based on whatever appears in the &lt;i&gt;archives&lt;/i&gt; directory. The first plugin specified by all collections is one that processes GML files, and so if &lt;i&gt;archives&lt;/i&gt; contains imported files they will be processed correctly. If it contains material in the original format, that will be converted using the appropriate plugin. Thus the import process is optional.
1657&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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1660
1661&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;paragraph&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1662
1663&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1664GML is designed to be fast and easy to parse, an important requirement when millions of documents are to be processed. Something as simple as requiring tags to be lower-case, for example, yields a substantial speed-up. In certain circumstances, however, it might be preferable to use a standardized format such as XML. This is straightforward to implement_just write an XML plugin_although we have not done so ourselves. Given the transitory nature of the imported data, to date, we have found GML a satisfactory and beneficial format.
1665&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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1668
1669&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Heading 1&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 4.17mm 0.50mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1670
1671&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1672&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;Creating new collections&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
1673&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1674
1675
1676
1677&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;paragraph&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1678
1679&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1680Building new collections from scratch is only slightly different from updating an existing collection. The key new requirement is creating a collection configuration file, and a software utility is provided to help. Two pieces of information are required for this: the name of the directory that the collection will use (into which the source data and other files will eventually be placed), and a contact e-mail address for use if any problems are encountered by the software once the collection is up and running. The utility creates files and directories within the newly-named directory to support a generic collection of plain text documents. With suitable data placed in the &lt;i&gt;import&lt;/i&gt; directory, building the collection at this point will yield a document-level searchable index of all the text and a browsable list of &amp;ldquo;titles&amp;rdquo; (defined in this case to be the document filenames).
1681&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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1684
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1686
1687&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1688To enhance the functionality and presentation&amp;mdash; something anything but the most trivial collection will require&amp;mdash;the configuration file must be edited. For a collection sourced from documents in an already supported data format, presented in a similar fashion to an existing collection, the amount of editing is minimal. Importing new data formats and browsing metadata in ways not currently supported are more complex activities that require programming skills.
1689&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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1693&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Caption&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 2.74mm 0.00mm 17.26mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
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1696&lt;img width=&quot;698&quot; height=&quot;698&quot; alt=&quot;0x01 graphic&quot; src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/greenstone14.png&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
1697&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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1703&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: center; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1704&lt;b&gt;Figure 6&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;: Searching bookmarked Web pages&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
1705&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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1711&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1712&lt;b&gt;Modifying the configuration file&lt;/b&gt;
1713&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1714
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1717&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;paragraph&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
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1719&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1720Figure 5b shows simple alterations to the generic configuration file in Figure 5a that was generated by the new-collection utility. &lt;i&gt;TEXTPlug&lt;/i&gt; is replaced with &lt;i&gt;EMAILPlug&lt;/i&gt; (line 7) which reads email files and extracts metadata (&lt;i&gt;From&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;To&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Date&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Subject&lt;/i&gt;) from them. A classifier for dates is added (line 10) to make the collection browsable chronologically. The default presentation of search results is overridden (line 17) to display both the title of the message (i.e. Dublin Core &lt;i&gt;Title&lt;/i&gt;) and its sender (i.e. Dublin Core &lt;i&gt;Author&lt;/i&gt;). Elements in square brackets, such as &lt;i&gt;[Title]&lt;/i&gt;, are replaced by the metadata associated with a particular document. The built-in term &lt;i&gt;[icon]&lt;/i&gt; produces a suitable image that represents the document (such as a book icon or page icon), and the &lt;i&gt;[link]&amp;hellip;[/link]&lt;/i&gt; construct forms a hyperlink to the complete document. Anything else in the format statement, which in this case is solely table-cell tags in HTML, is passed through to the page being displayed.
1721&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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1727&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1728As this example shows, creating a new collection that stays within the bounds of the library's established capabilities falls within the capability of many computer users&amp;mdash;for instance, computer-trained librarians. Extending Greenstone to handle new document formats and browse metadata in new ways is more challenging.
1729&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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1735&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1736&lt;b&gt;Writing new plugins and classifiers&lt;/b&gt;
1737&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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1743&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1744Extensibility is obtained through plugins and classifiers.
1745&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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1751&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1752These are modules of code that can be slotted into the system to enhance its capabilities. Plugins parse documents, extracting the text and metadata to be indexed. Classifiers control how metadata is brought together to form browsable data structures. Both are specified in an object-oriented framework using inheritance to minimize the amount of code written.
1753&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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1759&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1760A plugin must specify three things: what file formats it can handle, how they should be parsed, and whether the plugin is recursive. File formats are normally determined using regular expression matching on the filename. For example, the HTML plugin accepts all files that end in &lt;i&gt;.htm&lt;/i&gt;, .&lt;i&gt;html&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;.HTM&lt;/i&gt;, or &lt;i&gt;.HTML&lt;/i&gt;. (It is quite possible, however, to write plugins that &amp;ldquo;look inside&amp;rdquo; the file as well.) For other files, the plugin returns &lt;i&gt;undefined&lt;/i&gt; and the file is passed to the next plugin in the collection's configuration file (e.g. Figure 5 line 7). If it can, the plugin parses the file and returns the number of documents processed. This involves extracting text and metadata and adding it to the library's content through calls to &lt;i&gt;add text&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;add metadata&lt;/i&gt;.
1761&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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1767&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1768Some plugins (&amp;ldquo;recursive&amp;rdquo; ones) add extra files into the stream of data processed during the building phase by artificially reactivating the list of plugins. This is how directory hierarchies are traversed.
1769&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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1773&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;paragraph&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1774
1775&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1776Plugins are small modules of code that are easy to write. We monitored the time it took to develop a new one that was different to any we had produced so far. We chose to make as an example a collection of HTML bookmark files, the motivation being to produce a convenient way of searching and browsing one's bookmarked Web pages. Figure 6 shows a user searching for bookmarked pages about &lt;i&gt;music&lt;/i&gt;. The new plugin took under an hour to write, and was 160 lines long (ignoring blank lines and comments)&amp;mdash;about the average length of existing plugins.
1777&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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1781&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;paragraph&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1782
1783&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1784Classifiers are more general than plugins because they work on GML-format data. For example, any plugin that generates date metadata in accordance with the Dublin core can request the collection to be browsable chronologically by specifying the &lt;i&gt;DateList&lt;/i&gt; classifier in the collection's configuration file (Figure 7). Classifiers are more elaborate than most plugins, but new ones are seldom required. The average length of existing classifiers is 230 lines.
1785&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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1789&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;paragraph&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1790
1791&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1792Classifiers must specify three things: an initialization routine, how individual documents are classified, and the final browsable data structure. Initialization takes care of any options specified in the configuration file (such as &lt;i&gt;metadata=Title &lt;/i&gt;on line 9 of Figure 5b). Classifying individual documents is an iterative process: for each one, a call to &lt;i&gt;document-classify&lt;/i&gt; is made. On presentation of the document's OID, the necessary metadata is located and used to control where the document is added to the browsable data structure being constructed.
1793&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1794
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1798
1799&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1800Once all documents have been added, a request is made for the completed data structure. Some classifiers return the data structure directly; others transform the data structure before it is returned. For example, the &lt;i&gt;AZList&lt;/i&gt; classifier divides the alphabetically sorted list of metadata into separate pages of about the same size and returns the alphabetic ranges for each one (Figure 4).
1801&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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1805&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Caption&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 2.74mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1806
1807&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: center; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1808&lt;img width=&quot;698&quot; height=&quot;698&quot; alt=&quot;0x01 graphic&quot; src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/greenstone15.png&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;
1809&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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1813&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Caption&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 2.74mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1814
1815&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: center; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1816&lt;b&gt;Figure 7&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;: Browsing a newspaper collection by date&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
1817&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1818
1819
1820
1821&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Heading 1&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 4.17mm 0.50mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1822
1823&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1824&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;Overview of related work&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
1825&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1826
1827
1828
1829&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Plain Text&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.24mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1830
1831&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1832Two projects that provide substantial open source digital library software are Dienst (Lagoze and Fielding, 1998) and Harvest (Bowman &lt;i&gt;et al.&lt;/i&gt;, 1994). The origins of Dienst (&lt;i&gt;www.cs.cornell.edu/cdlrg&lt;/i&gt;) stretch back to 1992. The term has come to represent three entities: a conceptual architecture for distributed digital libraries; an open protocol for service communication; and a software system that implements the protocol. To date, five sample digital libraries have been built using this technology. They manifest themselves in two forms: technical reports and primary source documents.
1833&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1834
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1836
1837&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Plain Text&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.24mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1838
1839&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1840Best known is NCSTRL, the Networked Computer Science Technical Reference Library project (&lt;i&gt;www.ncstrl.org&lt;/i&gt;). This collection facilitates searching by title, author and abstract, and browsing by year and author, across a distributed network of document repositories. Documents can (where supported) be delivered in various formats such as PostScript, a thumbnail overview of the pages, and a GIF image of a particular page.
1841&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1842
1843
1844
1845&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Plain Text&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.24mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1846
1847&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1848The &lt;i&gt;Making of America&lt;/i&gt; resource is an example of a collection based around primary sources_in this case American social history, 1830−1900. It has a different &amp;ldquo;look and feel&amp;rdquo; to NCSTRL, being strongly oriented toward browsing rather than searching. A user navigates their way through a hierarchical structure of hyperlinks to reach a book of interest. The book itself is a series of scanned images: delivery options include going directly to a page number, next and previous page buttons, and displaying a particular page at different resolutions. A text version of the page is also available upon which a searching option is also provided.
1849&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1850
1851
1852
1853&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Plain Text&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1854
1855&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1856Started in 1994, Harvest is also a long-running research project. It provides an efficient means of gathering source data from the Internet and distributing indexing information over the Internet. This is accomplished through five components: &lt;i&gt;gatherer&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;broker&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;indexer&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;replicator&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;cache&lt;/i&gt;. The first three are central to creating, updating and searching a collection; the last two help to improve performance over the Internet through transparent mirroring and caching techniques.
1857&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1858
1859
1860
1861&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Plain Text&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.24mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1862
1863&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1864The system is configurable and customizable. While searching is most commonly implemented using Glimpse (&lt;i&gt;glimpse.cs.arizona.edu&lt;/i&gt;), in principle any search engine that supports incremental updates and Boolean combinations of attribute-based queries can be used. It is possible to control what type of documents are gathered during creation and updating, and how the query interface looks and is laid out.
1865&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1866
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1868
1869&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Plain Text&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.24mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1870
1871&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1872Sample collections cited by the developers include 21,000 computer science technical reports and 7,000 home pages. Other examples include a sizable collection of agriculture-related electronic journals and magazines called &amp;ldquo;tomato-juice&amp;rdquo; (accessed through &lt;i&gt;hegel.lib.ncsu.edu&lt;/i&gt;) and a full-text index of library-related electronic serials (&lt;i&gt;sunsite.berkeley.edu/IndexMorganagus&lt;/i&gt;). Harvest is also often used to index Web sites (for example &lt;i&gt;www.middlebury.edu&lt;/i&gt;).
1873&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1874
1875
1876
1877&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Plain Text&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.24mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1878
1879&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1880Comparing Greenstone with Dienst and Harvest, there are both similarities and differences. All provide substantial digital library systems, hence common themes recur, but they are driven by projects with different aims. Harvest, for instance, was not conceived as a digital library project at all, but by virtue of its selective document gathering process it can be classed (and is used) as one. While it provides sophisticated search options, it lacks the complementary service of browsing. Furthermore it adds no structure or order to the documents collected, relying on whatever structures are present in the site that they were gathered from. A proven strength of the design is its flexibility through configuration and customization_an element also present in Greenstone.
1881&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1882
1883
1884
1885&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Plain Text&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.24mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1886
1887&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1888Dienst_best exemplified through the NCSTRL work_supports searching and browsing, like Greenstone. Both use open protocols. Differences include a high reliance in Dienst on user-supplied information when a document is added, and a smaller range of document types supported&amp;mdash;although Dienst does include a document model that should, over time, allow this to expand with relative ease.
1889&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1890
1891
1892
1893&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Plain Text&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.24mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1894
1895&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1896There are also commercial systems that provide similar digital library services to those described. However, since corporate culture instills proprietary attitudes there is little opportunity for advancement through a shared collaborative effort. Consequently they are not reviewed here.
1897&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1898
1899
1900
1901&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Heading 1&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 4.17mm 0.50mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1902
1903&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1904&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;Conclusions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
1905&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1906
1907
1908
1909&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;paragraph&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1910
1911&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1912Greenstone is a comprehensive software system for creating digital library collections. It builds data structures for searching and browsing from the material provided, rather than relying on any hand-crafting. The process is controlled by a configuration file, and once a collection exists new material can be added completely automatically. Browsing is based on Dublin Core metadata.
1913&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1914
1915
1916
1917&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;paragraph&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1918
1919&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1920New collections can be developed easily, particularly if they resemble existing ones. Extensibility is achieved through software &amp;ldquo;plugins&amp;rdquo; that can be written to accommodate documents, and metadata, in different formats. Standard plugins exist for many document types; new ones are easily written. Browsing is controlled by &amp;ldquo;classifiers&amp;rdquo; that process metadata into browsing structures (by date, alphabetical, hierarchical, etc).
1921&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1922
1923
1924
1925&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;paragraph&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1926
1927&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1928However, the most powerful support for extensibility is achieved not by technical means but by making the source code freely available under the Gnu public license. Only through an international cooperative effort will digital library software become sufficiently comprehensive to meet the world's needs with the richness and flexibility that users deserve.
1929&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1930
1931
1932
1933&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Heading 1&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 4.17mm 0.50mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1934
1935&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1936&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;Acknowledgments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
1937&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1938
1939
1940
1941&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;paragraph&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1942
1943&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 3.819444mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1944We gratefully acknowledge all those who have worked on the Greenstone software, and all members of the New Zealand Digital Library project for their enthusiasm and ideas.
1945&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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1947
1948
1949&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Heading 1&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0.00mm 0.49mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1950
1951&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1952&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-transform:uppercase&quot;&gt;References&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;
1953&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1954
1955
1956
1957&lt;ol type=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
1958&lt;li value=&quot;1&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;References&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 1.04mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 6.25mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1959
1960&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: -6.25mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1961Akscyn, R.M. and Witten, I.H. (1998) &amp;ldquo;Report on First Summit on International Cooperation on Digital Libraries.&amp;rdquo; ks.com/idla-wp-oct98.
1962&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
1963
1964
1965
1966&lt;li value=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;References&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 1.04mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 6.25mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1967
1968&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: -6.25mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1969Bowman, C.M., Danzig, P.B., Manber, U., and Schwartz, M.F. &amp;ldquo;Scalable Internet resource discovery: Research problems and approaches&amp;rdquo; &lt;i&gt;Communications of the ACM,&lt;/i&gt; Vol. 37, No. 8, pp. 98−107, 1994.
1970&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
1971
1972
1973
1974&lt;li value=&quot;3&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;References&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 1.04mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 6.25mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1975
1976&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: -6.25mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1977Fox, E. (1998) &amp;ldquo;Digital library definitions.&amp;rdquo; ei.cs.vt.edu/~fox/dlib/def.html.
1978&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
1979
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1981
1982&lt;li value=&quot;4&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;References&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 1.04mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 6.25mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1983
1984&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: -6.25mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1985Humanity Libraries (1998) &lt;i&gt;Humanity Development Library&lt;/i&gt;. CD-ROM produced by the Global Help Project, Antwerp, Belgium.
1986&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
1987
1988
1989
1990&lt;li value=&quot;5&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;References&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 1.04mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 6.25mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1991
1992&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: -6.25mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
1993Lagoze, C. and Fielding, D &amp;ldquo;Defining Collections in Distributed Digital Libraries&amp;rdquo; &lt;i&gt;D-Lib Magazine&lt;/i&gt;, Nov. 1998.
1994&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
1995
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1997
1998&lt;li value=&quot;6&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;References&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 1.04mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 6.25mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
1999
2000&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: -6.25mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2001PAHO (1999) &lt;i&gt;Virtual Disaster Library&lt;/i&gt;. CD-ROM produced by the Pan-American Health Organization, Washington DC, USA.
2002&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
2003
2004
2005
2006&lt;li value=&quot;7&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;References&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 1.04mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 6.25mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2007
2008&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: -6.25mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2009McNab, R.J., Witten, I.H. and Boddie, S.J. (1998) &amp;ldquo;A distributed digital library architecture incorporating different index styles.&amp;rdquo; &lt;i&gt;Proc IEEE Advances in Digital Libraries&lt;/i&gt;, Santa Barbara, CA, pp. 36-45.
2010&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
2011
2012
2013
2014&lt;li value=&quot;8&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;References&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 1.04mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 6.25mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2015
2016&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: -6.25mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2017Nevill-Manning, C.G., Reed, T., and Witten, I.H. (1998) &amp;ldquo;Extracting text from PostScript&amp;rdquo; &lt;i&gt;Software&amp;mdash;Practice and Experience&lt;/i&gt;, Vol. 28, No. 5, pp. 481-491; April.
2018&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
2019
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2021
2022&lt;li value=&quot;9&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;References&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 1.04mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 6.25mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2023
2024&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: -6.25mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2025UNESCO (1999) &lt;i&gt;SAHEL point DOC: Anthologie du développement au Sahel&lt;/i&gt;. CD-ROM produced by UNESCO, Paris, France.
2026&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
2027
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2029
2030&lt;li value=&quot;10&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;References&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 1.04mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 6.25mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2031
2032&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: -6.25mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2033UNU (1998) &lt;i&gt;Collection on critical global issues.&lt;/i&gt; CD-ROM produced by the United Nations University Press, Tokyo, Japan.
2034&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
2035
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2038&lt;li value=&quot;11&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;References&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;margin: 1.04mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 6.25mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2039
2040&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: -6.25mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2041Witten, I.H., Moffat, A. and Bell, T. (1999) &lt;i&gt;Managing Gigabytes: compressing and indexing documents and images&lt;/i&gt;, Morgan Kaufmann, second edition.
2042&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
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2049
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2057
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2070&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2071
2072&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2073
2074&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
2075
2076
2077
2078&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2079
2080&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2081
2082&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
2083
2084
2085
2086&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2087
2088&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2089
2090&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
2091
2092
2093
2094&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2095
2096&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2097
2098&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
2099
2100
2101
2102&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2103
2104&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2105
2106&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
2107
2108
2109
2110&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2111
2112&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2113
2114&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
2115
2116
2117
2118&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Header&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2119
2120&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2121&lt;span style=&quot;text-transform:lowercase&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
2122&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
2123
2124
2125
2126&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2127
2128&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2129
2130&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
2131
2132
2133
2134&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Footer&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2135
2136&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2137&lt;span style=&quot;text-transform:lowercase&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
2138&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
2139
2140
2141
2142&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2143
2144&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2145
2146&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
2147
2148
2149
2150&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2151
2152&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2153
2154&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
2155
2156
2157
2158&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Caption&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 2.74mm 0.00mm 17.26mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2159
2160&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: -17.26mm; text-align: center; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2161
2162&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
2163
2164
2165
2166&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Caption&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 2.74mm 0.00mm 17.26mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2167
2168&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: -17.26mm; text-align: center; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2169
2170&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
2171
2172
2173
2174&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Caption&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; style=&quot;margin: 2.08mm 2.74mm 0.00mm 17.26mm; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2175
2176&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: -17.26mm; text-align: center; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2177
2178&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
2179
2180
2181
2182&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2183
2184&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2185
2186&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
2187
2188
2189
2190&lt;p&gt;&lt;div name=&quot;Normal&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot; padding: 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm 0.00mm; &quot;&gt;
2191
2192&lt;p style=&quot;text-indent: 0.00mm; text-align: left; line-height: 4.166667mm; color: Black; background-color: White; &quot;&gt;
2193
2194&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
2195
2196&lt;!--Section Ends--&gt;
2197
2198
2199
2200&lt;!--
2201&lt;hr&gt;
2202&lt;address&gt;
2203&lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=0&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fwvware.sourceforge.net&quot;&gt;&lt;img
2204src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/wvSmall.gif&quot; height=31 width=47
2205align=left border=0 alt=&quot;wvWare&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
2206&lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=0&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fvalidator.w3.org%2fcheck%2freferer&quot;&gt;&lt;img
2207src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/vh40.gif&quot; height=31 width=88
2208align=right border=0 alt=&quot;Valid HTML 4.0!&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;
2209Document created with &lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=0&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fwvware.sourceforge.net&quot;&gt;wvWare/wvWare version 1.2.4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;
2210&lt;/address&gt;
2211--&gt;
2212
2213
2214</Content>
2215</Section>
2216</Archive>
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