source: other-projects/nightly-tasks/diffcol/trunk/gs3-model-collect/Tudor-Enhanced/archives/HASH018a.dir/doc.xml@ 38996

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    <Metadata name="Content">Primary Sources: The execution of Mary, queen of Scots, 1587</Metadata>
    <Metadata name="Title">Primary Sources: The execution of Mary, queen of Scots, 1587</Metadata>
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    <Metadata name="dc.Subject">Tudor period|Others</Metadata>
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      &lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/exmary.gif&quot; width=&quot;321&quot; height=&quot;110&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;
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      &lt;img border=&quot;1&quot; src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/maryqos1565cr.jpg&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;175&quot; height=&quot;236&quot;&gt;Mary Stuart 
      was executed on 8 February 1587 at Fotheringhay Castle, after a trial 
      whose outcome forever troubled Queen Elizabeth I.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;p&gt;
&lt;font size=-1&gt;This famous account of the execution was written by Robert 
      Wynkfielde.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
      &lt;p&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;-1&quot;&gt;Accounts such as these, and woodcuts of the scene, were 
      very popular throughout Europe.&amp;nbsp; The great scandals of Mary's life 
      were forgotten and she was mourned as a Catholic martyr.&amp;nbsp; The truth 
      of her demise was not so simple.&amp;nbsp; Mary &lt;i&gt;did&lt;/i&gt; plot against 
      Elizabeth's life; and Elizabeth did consistently reject petitions to 
      execute Mary over the 19-year course of her imprisonment.&amp;nbsp; 
      Eventually, however, the Catholic threat was deemed too great and 
      Elizabeth reluctantly signed the warrant for execution.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
      &lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;

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Her [Mary queen of Scots] prayers being ended, the executioners, kneeling,
desired her Grace to forgive them her death: who answered, 'I forgive you
with all my heart, for now, I hope, you shall make an end of all my troubles.'&amp;nbsp;
Then they, with her two women, helping her up, began to disrobe her of
her apparel: then she, laying her crucifix upon the stool, one of the executioners
took from her neck the &lt;i&gt;Agnus Dei&lt;/i&gt;, which she, laying hands off it,
gave to one of her women, and told the executioner he should be answered
money for it.&amp;nbsp; Then she suffered them, with her two women, to disrobe
her of her chain of pomander beads and all other her apparel most willingly,
and with joy rather than sorrow, helped to make unready herself, putting
on a pair of sleeves with her own hands which they had pulled off, and
that with some haste, as if she had longed to be gone.
&lt;br&gt;All this time they were pulling off her apparel, she never changed
her countenance, but with smiling cheer she uttered these words, 'that
she never had such grooms to make her unready, and that she never put off
her clothes before such a company.'
&lt;br&gt;Then she, being stripped of all her apparel saving her petticoat and
kirtle, her two women beholding her made great lamentation, and crying
and crossing themselves prayed in Latin.&amp;nbsp; She, turning herself to
them, embracing them, said these words in French, 'Ne crie vous, j'ay prome
pour vous', and so crossing and kissing them, bade them pray for her and
rejoice and not weep, for that now they should see an end of all their
mistress's troubles.
&lt;br&gt;Then she, with a smiling countenance, turning to her men servants,
as Melvin and the rest, standing upon a bench nigh the scaffold, who sometime
weeping, sometime crying out aloud, and continually crossing themselves,
prayed in Latin, crossing them with her hand bade them farewell, and wishing
them to pray for her even until the last hour.
&lt;br&gt;This done, one of the women having a &lt;i&gt;Corpus Christi &lt;/i&gt;cloth lapped
up three-corner-ways, kissing it, put it over the Queen of Scots' face,
and pinned it fast to the caule of her head.&amp;nbsp; Then the two women departed
from her, and she kneeling down upon the cushion most resolutely, and without
any token or fear of death, she spake aloud this Psalm in Latin, &lt;i&gt;In
Te Domine confido, non confundar in eternam&lt;/i&gt;, etc.&amp;nbsp; Then, groping
for the block, she laid down her head, putting her chin over the block
with both her hands, which, holding there still, had been cut off had they
not been espied.&amp;nbsp; Then lying upon the block most quietly, and stretching
out her arms cried, &lt;i&gt;In manus tuas, Domine&lt;/i&gt;, etc., three or four times.&amp;nbsp;
Then she, lying very still upon the block, one of the executioners holding
her slightly with one of his hands, she endured two strokes of the other
executioner with an axe, she making very small noise or none at all, and
not stirring any part of her from the place where she lay: and so the executioner
cut off her head, saving one little gristle, which being cut asunder, he
lift up her head to the view of all the assembly and bade &lt;i&gt;God save the
Queen&lt;/i&gt;.&amp;nbsp; Then, her dress of lawn falling from off her head, it
appeared as grey as one of threescore and ten years old, polled very short,
her face in a moment being so much altered from the form she had when she
was alive, as few could remember her by her dead face.&amp;nbsp; Her lips stirred
up and down a quarter of an hour after her head was cut off.
&lt;br&gt;Then Mr Dean [Dr Fletcher, Dean of Peterborough] said with a loud voice,
'So perish all the Queen's enemies,' and afterwards the Earl of Kent came
to the dead body, and standing over it, with a loud voice said, 'Such end
of all the Queen's and the Gospel's enemies.'
&lt;br&gt;Then one of the executioners, pulling off her garters, espied her little
dog which was crept under her clothes, which could not be gotten forth
but by force, yet afterward would not depart from the dead corpse, but
came and lay between her head and her shoulders, which being imbrued with
her blood was carried away and washed, as all things else were that had
any blood was either burned or washed clean, and the executioners sent
away with money for their fees, not having any one thing that belonged
unto her.&amp;nbsp; And so, every man being commanded out of the hall, except
the sheriff and his men, she was carried by them up into a great chamber
lying ready for the surgeons to embalm her.&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;nt&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2frelative%2fmaryqos.html&quot;&gt;to the Mary, 
queen of Scots website&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fprimary.html&quot;&gt;
    &lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;to Primary Sources&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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