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    <Metadata name="Title">Primary Sources: The coronations of King Henry VIII and Katharine of Aragon, 1509</Metadata>
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&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/h8crown.gif&quot; alt=&quot;Primary Sources: 1509: The coronations of King Henry VIII and Katharine of Aragon&quot; width=&quot;480&quot; height=&quot;114&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;
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      &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;48%&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#FFFFE8&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;The account 
      at right was written by the Tudor chronicler Edward Hall.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;p&gt;
      &lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Henry VIII was born on 28 June 1491, the second son of King 
      Henry VII and Elizabeth of York.&amp;nbsp; He was originally destined to be 
      archbishop of Canterbury, but his older brother, Prince Arthur, died in 
      1502, shortly after marrying the Spanish princess Katharine of Aragon.&amp;nbsp; 
      And so Henry became king of England at the age of 18.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
      &lt;p&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Henry married his brother's widow mere weeks after his 
      father died.&amp;nbsp; He claimed it had been Henry VII's dying wish, but this 
      is doubtful.&amp;nbsp; Katharine's plight appealed to Henry's chivalric 
      streak; he respected and admired her.&amp;nbsp; They were married for over 
      twenty years and, for a long while, were happy together.&amp;nbsp; But the 
      lack of a male heir and increasingly different lifestyles led to an 
      emotional separation; not surprisingly, Henry became infatuated with 
      another, much younger woman.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
      &lt;p&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Henry and Katharine were married on 11 June 1509 and 
      crowned together at Westminster Abbey on the 24th.&amp;nbsp; Over the next 
      nine years, Katharine bore six children, only one of whom survived.&amp;nbsp; 
      Her marriage to Henry was annulled against her will in 1533 and she died 
      three years later.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
      &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
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    &lt;p&gt;The following day being a Sunday, and also Midsummer's Day, the noble 
    prince with his queen left the palace for Westminster Abbey at the appointed 
    hour.&amp;nbsp; The barons of the Cinq Ports held canopies over the royal couple 
    who trod on striped cloth of ray, which was immediately cut up by the crowd 
    when they had entered the abbey.&amp;nbsp; Inside, according to sacred tradition 
    and ancient custom, his grace and the queen were anointed and crowned by the 
    archbishop of Canterbury in the presence of other prelates of the realm and 
    the nobility and a large number of civic dignitaries.&amp;nbsp; The people were 
    asked if they would take this most noble prince as their king and obey him.&amp;nbsp; 
    With great reverence, love and willingness they responded with the cry 'Yea, 
    Yea'. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;When the ceremony was finished, the lords spiritual and temporal paid homage 
to the king and, with the queen's permission, returned to Westminster Hall - 
each one beneath his canopy - where the lord marshal bearing his staff of office 
ushered all to their seats.&amp;nbsp; Each noble and lord proceeded to his allotted 
place arranged earlier according to seniority.&amp;nbsp; The nine-piece table being 
set with the king's estate seated on the right and the queen's estate on the 
left, the first course of the banquet was announced with a fanfare.&amp;nbsp; At the 
sound the duke of Buckingham entered riding a huge charger covered with richly 
embroidered trappings, together with the lord steward mounted on a horse decked 
with cloth of gold.&amp;nbsp; The two of them led in the banquet which was truly 
sumptuous, and as well as a great number of delicacies also included unusual 
heraldic devices and mottoes.
&lt;p&gt;How can I describe the abundance of fine and delicate fare prepared for this 
magnificent and lordly feast, produced both abroad and in the many and various 
parts of this realm to which God has granted his bounty.&amp;nbsp; Or indeed the 
exemplary execution of the service of the meal itself, the clean handling and 
distribution of the food and the efficient ordering of the courses, such that no 
person of any estate lacked for anything.
&lt;p&gt;.....
&lt;p&gt;The following day the aforementioned defending team, lady Pallas's scholars, 
presented themselves before the king ready for the tourney.&amp;nbsp; All on 
horseback and armed from head to foot they each had one side of their 
armor-skirts and horse-trappings made of white velvet embroidered with gold 
roses and other devices, and the other made of green velvet embroidered with 
gold pomegranates.&amp;nbsp; On their headpieces each wore a plume of gold damask.
&lt;p&gt;At the same time the other side rode in, the aforementioned eight knights 
fully armed and dressed, like their mounts, in green satin embroidered with fine 
golden bramble branches.&amp;nbsp; Following them, blowing horns, came a number of 
men dressed as foresters or gamekeepers in green cloth, with caps and hose to 
match, who arranged a set like a park with white and green fencing around it.&amp;nbsp; 
Inside this paddock were fallow deer and artificial trees, bushes, ferns, and so 
forth.&amp;nbsp; Once set up before the queen the paddock gates were unlocked and 
the deer ran out into the palace grounds.&amp;nbsp; Greyhounds were then let loose 
which killed the deer, the bodies of which were then presented to the queen and 
the assembled ladies by the above-mentioned knights.
&lt;p&gt;Crocheman, who had brought in the golden lance the previous day, then 
declared that his knights were the servants of the goddess Diana and whilst they 
had been indulging in their pastime of hunting had received news that lady 
Pallas's knights had come into these parts to perform feats of arms.&amp;nbsp; 
Thereupon they had left off the chase and come hither to encounter these nights 
and to fight with them for the love of the ladies.
&lt;p&gt;He added that if lady Pallas's knights vanquished them or forced them to 
leave the field of battle then they would receive the deer that had been killed 
and the greyhounds that slew them.&amp;nbsp; But if Diana's knights overpowers their 
opponents they were to be given the swords of those knights and nothing more.
&lt;p&gt;Hearing this, the queen and her ladies asked the king for his advice on the 
matter.&amp;nbsp; The king, thinking that perhaps there was some grudge between the 
two parties and believing that to grant the request might lead to some 
unpleasantness, decided not to consent to these terms.&amp;nbsp; Instead, to defuse 
the situation, it was decided that both parties should fight the tourney but 
that only a limited number of strokes would be permitted.
&lt;p&gt;This was done and the two sides then left the field.&amp;nbsp; The jousts then 
came to an end and the prizes were awarded to each man according to his deserts.
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