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| 8 | <title>Primary Sources: The fall of Catherine Howard, 1541</title>
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| 20 | <p align="center"> <br>
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| 22 | <img border="0" src="pricath.gif" width="485" height="72"><p align="center"> </td>
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| 30 | <td valign="top" width="48%" bgcolor="#FFFFE8"><font size=-1>The account
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| 31 | at right was written by the Spanish ambassador Eustace Chapuys.</font><p>
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| 32 | <font size="2">Catherine was Henry VIII's fifth wife and the cousin of his
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| 33 | second wife, Anne Boleyn. She was perhaps only 18 years old when she
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| 34 | caught the king's eye; her immature and reckless behavior guaranteed a
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| 35 | brief marriage. Though the king was besotted with her, she was
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| 36 | understandably more attracted to men her own age.</font></p>
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| 37 | <p><font size=-1>In this account, Chapuys inaccurately uses the name 'Dorand'
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| 38 | to refer to Francis Dereham.</font><font size="2"> Thomas </font><font size=-1>Culpepper's position saved him from Dereham's
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| 39 | gruesome fate. Lady Rochford was Anne Boleyn's former sister-in-law.</font></td>
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| 40 | <td width="4%"></td>
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| 41 | <td valign="top" width="48%">
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| 42 |
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| 43 | <p>This year on 13 November Sir Thomas Wriothesley, secretary to the king,
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| 44 | came to Hampton Court to the queen, and called all the ladies and gentlewomen
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| 45 | and her servants into the great chamber, and there openly before them declared
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| 46 | certain offenses she had committed in misusing her body with certain persons
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| 47 | before the king's time, because of which he there discharged all her household;
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| 48 | and the morning after she was taken to Sion, with my Lady Bainton and two
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| 49 | other gentlewomen and certain of her servants to wait on her there until
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| 50 | the king's further pleasure. And various people were taken to the
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| 51 | Tower of London, such as my Lady Rochford, Master Culpepper, one of the
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| 52 | king's privy chamber, and others.
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| 53 | <p>On 1 December Thomas Culpepper, one of the gentlemen of the king's privy
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| 54 | chamber, and Francis Dorand, gentleman, were arraigned at the Guildhall
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| 55 | in London, for high treason against the king's majesty, in misdemeanor
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| 56 | with the queen, as appeared by their indictment which they confessed to,
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| 57 | and they were sentenced to be drawn, hanged, and quartered, the lord mayor
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| 58 | sitting there as chief, the lord chancellor on his right hand, and the
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| 59 | duke of Norfolk on his left hand, the duke of Suffolk, the lord privy seal,
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| 60 | the earls of Sussex, of Hertford, and various others of the king's council
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| 61 | sitting with all the judges also in commission that day. And on 10
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| 62 | December the said Culpepper and Dorand were drawn from the Tower of London
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| 63 | to Tyburn, and there Culpepper, after exhorting the people to pray for
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| 64 | him, stood on the ground by the gallows, knelt down and had his head struck
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| 65 | off; and then Dorand was hanged, dismembered, disemboweled, beheaded and
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| 66 | quartered. Culpepper's body was buried at St Sepulchre's church near
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| 67 | Newgate, and their heads were set on London Bridge.
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| 68 | <p align="center"> <p align="center"><font size="2">
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| 69 | <a href="monarchs/howard.html">to the Catherine
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| 70 | Howard website</a></font><p align="center"><a href="primary.html">
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| 71 | <font size="2">to Primary Sources</font></a></td>
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| 72 | </tr>
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| 73 | </table>
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