[29229] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE Archive SYSTEM "http://greenstone.org/dtd/Archive/1.0/Archive.dtd">
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| 3 | <Archive>
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| 4 | <Section>
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| 5 | <Description>
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| 6 | <Metadata name="gsdlsourcefilename">import\englishhistory.net\tudor\exmary.html</Metadata>
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| 7 | <Metadata name="gsdldoctype">indexed_doc</Metadata>
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| 8 | <Metadata name="Plugin">HTMLPlugin</Metadata>
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| 9 | <Metadata name="FileSize">7295</Metadata>
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| 10 | <Metadata name="Source">exmary.html</Metadata>
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| 11 | <Metadata name="SourceFile">exmary.html</Metadata>
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| 12 | <Metadata name="Language">en</Metadata>
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| 13 | <Metadata name="Encoding">windows_1252</Metadata>
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| 14 | <Metadata name="Content">Primary Sources: The execution of Mary, queen of Scots, 1587</Metadata>
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| 15 | <Metadata name="Title">Primary Sources: The execution of Mary, queen of Scots, 1587</Metadata>
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| 16 | <Metadata name="FileFormat">HTML</Metadata>
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| 17 | <Metadata name="URL">http://englishhistory.net/tudor/exmary.html</Metadata>
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| 18 | <Metadata name="UTF8URL">http://englishhistory.net/tudor/exmary.html</Metadata>
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| 19 | <Metadata name="dc.Subject">Tudor period|Others</Metadata>
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| 20 | <Metadata name="Identifier">HASH1eca10aff1e525610d96da</Metadata>
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| 21 | <Metadata name="lastmodified">1374130949</Metadata>
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| 22 | <Metadata name="lastmodifieddate">20130718</Metadata>
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| 23 | <Metadata name="oailastmodified">1374468543</Metadata>
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| 24 | <Metadata name="oailastmodifieddate">20130722</Metadata>
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| 25 | <Metadata name="assocfilepath">HASH1eca10af.dir</Metadata>
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| 26 | <Metadata name="gsdlassocfile">exmary.gif:image/gif:</Metadata>
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| 27 | <Metadata name="gsdlassocfile">maryqos1565cr.jpg:image/jpeg:</Metadata>
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| 28 | </Description>
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| 29 | <Content>
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| 30 |
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| 31 | <div align="center">
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| 32 | <center>
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| 33 | <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="4" width="94%">
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| 34 | <tr>
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| 35 | <td valign="bottom" colspan="3">
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| 36 | <p align="center">&nbsp;<br>
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| 37 | <p align="center">
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| 38 | <img border="0" src="_httpdocimg_/exmary.gif" width="321" height="110"><p align="center">&nbsp;</td>
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| 39 | </tr>
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| 40 | <tr>
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| 41 | <td></td>
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| 42 | <td></td>
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| 43 | <td></td>
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| 44 | </tr>
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| 45 | <tr>
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| 46 | <td valign="top" width="48%" bgcolor="#FFFFE8">
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| 47 | <font size=-1>
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| 48 | <img border="1" src="_httpdocimg_/maryqos1565cr.jpg" align="left" width="175" height="236">Mary Stuart
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| 49 | was executed on 8 February 1587 at Fotheringhay Castle, after a trial
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| 50 | whose outcome forever troubled Queen Elizabeth I.</font><p>
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| 51 | <font size=-1>This famous account of the execution was written by Robert
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| 52 | Wynkfielde.</font></p>
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| 53 | <p><font size="-1">Accounts such as these, and woodcuts of the scene, were
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| 54 | very popular throughout Europe.&nbsp; The great scandals of Mary's life
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| 55 | were forgotten and she was mourned as a Catholic martyr.&nbsp; The truth
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| 56 | of her demise was not so simple.&nbsp; Mary <i>did</i> plot against
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| 57 | Elizabeth's life; and Elizabeth did consistently reject petitions to
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| 58 | execute Mary over the 19-year course of her imprisonment.&nbsp;
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| 59 | Eventually, however, the Catholic threat was deemed too great and
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| 60 | Elizabeth reluctantly signed the warrant for execution.</font></p>
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| 61 | <p><br>
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| 62 |
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| 63 | </td>
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| 64 | <td width="4%"></td>
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| 65 | <td valign="top" width="48%">
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| 66 |
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| 67 |
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| 68 |
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| 69 | Her [Mary queen of Scots] prayers being ended, the executioners, kneeling,
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| 70 | desired her Grace to forgive them her death: who answered, 'I forgive you
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| 71 | with all my heart, for now, I hope, you shall make an end of all my troubles.'&nbsp;
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| 72 | Then they, with her two women, helping her up, began to disrobe her of
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| 73 | her apparel: then she, laying her crucifix upon the stool, one of the executioners
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| 74 | took from her neck the <i>Agnus Dei</i>, which she, laying hands off it,
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| 75 | gave to one of her women, and told the executioner he should be answered
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| 76 | money for it.&nbsp; Then she suffered them, with her two women, to disrobe
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| 77 | her of her chain of pomander beads and all other her apparel most willingly,
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| 78 | and with joy rather than sorrow, helped to make unready herself, putting
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| 79 | on a pair of sleeves with her own hands which they had pulled off, and
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| 80 | that with some haste, as if she had longed to be gone.
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| 81 | <br>All this time they were pulling off her apparel, she never changed
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| 82 | her countenance, but with smiling cheer she uttered these words, 'that
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| 83 | she never had such grooms to make her unready, and that she never put off
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| 84 | her clothes before such a company.'
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| 85 | <br>Then she, being stripped of all her apparel saving her petticoat and
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| 86 | kirtle, her two women beholding her made great lamentation, and crying
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| 87 | and crossing themselves prayed in Latin.&nbsp; She, turning herself to
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| 88 | them, embracing them, said these words in French, 'Ne crie vous, j'ay prome
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| 89 | pour vous', and so crossing and kissing them, bade them pray for her and
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| 90 | rejoice and not weep, for that now they should see an end of all their
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| 91 | mistress's troubles.
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| 92 | <br>Then she, with a smiling countenance, turning to her men servants,
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| 93 | as Melvin and the rest, standing upon a bench nigh the scaffold, who sometime
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| 94 | weeping, sometime crying out aloud, and continually crossing themselves,
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| 95 | prayed in Latin, crossing them with her hand bade them farewell, and wishing
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| 96 | them to pray for her even until the last hour.
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| 97 | <br>This done, one of the women having a <i>Corpus Christi </i>cloth lapped
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| 98 | up three-corner-ways, kissing it, put it over the Queen of Scots' face,
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| 99 | and pinned it fast to the caule of her head.&nbsp; Then the two women departed
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| 100 | from her, and she kneeling down upon the cushion most resolutely, and without
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| 101 | any token or fear of death, she spake aloud this Psalm in Latin, <i>In
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| 102 | Te Domine confido, non confundar in eternam</i>, etc.&nbsp; Then, groping
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| 103 | for the block, she laid down her head, putting her chin over the block
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| 104 | with both her hands, which, holding there still, had been cut off had they
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| 105 | not been espied.&nbsp; Then lying upon the block most quietly, and stretching
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| 106 | out her arms cried, <i>In manus tuas, Domine</i>, etc., three or four times.&nbsp;
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| 107 | Then she, lying very still upon the block, one of the executioners holding
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| 108 | her slightly with one of his hands, she endured two strokes of the other
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| 109 | executioner with an axe, she making very small noise or none at all, and
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| 110 | not stirring any part of her from the place where she lay: and so the executioner
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| 111 | cut off her head, saving one little gristle, which being cut asunder, he
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| 112 | lift up her head to the view of all the assembly and bade <i>God save the
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| 113 | Queen</i>.&nbsp; Then, her dress of lawn falling from off her head, it
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| 114 | appeared as grey as one of threescore and ten years old, polled very short,
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| 115 | her face in a moment being so much altered from the form she had when she
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| 116 | was alive, as few could remember her by her dead face.&nbsp; Her lips stirred
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| 117 | up and down a quarter of an hour after her head was cut off.
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| 118 | <br>Then Mr Dean [Dr Fletcher, Dean of Peterborough] said with a loud voice,
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| 119 | 'So perish all the Queen's enemies,' and afterwards the Earl of Kent came
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| 120 | to the dead body, and standing over it, with a loud voice said, 'Such end
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| 121 | of all the Queen's and the Gospel's enemies.'
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| 122 | <br>Then one of the executioners, pulling off her garters, espied her little
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| 123 | dog which was crept under her clothes, which could not be gotten forth
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| 124 | but by force, yet afterward would not depart from the dead corpse, but
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| 125 | came and lay between her head and her shoulders, which being imbrued with
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| 126 | her blood was carried away and washed, as all things else were that had
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| 127 | any blood was either burned or washed clean, and the executioners sent
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| 128 | away with money for their fees, not having any one thing that belonged
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| 129 | unto her.&nbsp; And so, every man being commanded out of the hall, except
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| 130 | the sheriff and his men, she was carried by them up into a great chamber
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| 131 | lying ready for the surgeons to embalm her.<p>&nbsp;</p>
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| 132 |
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| 133 | <p align="center"><nt><font size="2">
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| 134 | <a href="_httpextlink_&amp;rl=1&amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2frelative%2fmaryqos.html">to the Mary,
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| 135 | queen of Scots website</a></font><p align="center"><a href="_httpextlink_&amp;rl=1&amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fprimary.html">
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| 136 | <font size="2">to Primary Sources</font></a></td>
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| 137 | </tr>
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| 138 | </table>
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| 139 | </center>
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| 140 | </div>
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| 141 |
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| 142 |
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| 143 |
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| 146 | </Content>
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| 147 | </Section>
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| 148 | </Archive>
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