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2<!DOCTYPE Archive SYSTEM "https://greenstone.org/dtd/Archive/1.0/Archive.dtd">
3<Archive>
4<Section>
5 <Description>
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11 <Metadata name="SourceDirectory">englishhistory.net/tudor</Metadata>
12 <Metadata name="Source">prianne2.html</Metadata>
13 <Metadata name="SourceFile">prianne2.html</Metadata>
14 <Metadata name="Language">en</Metadata>
15 <Metadata name="Encoding">windows_1252</Metadata>
16 <Metadata name="Title">Primary Sources: The fall of Anne Boleyn, 1536</Metadata>
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18 <Metadata name="URL">http://englishhistory.net/tudor/prianne2.html</Metadata>
19 <Metadata name="UTF8URL">http://englishhistory.net/tudor/prianne2.html</Metadata>
20 <Metadata name="dc.Subject">Tudor period|Others</Metadata>
21 <Metadata name="Identifier">HASH3d9e49bb208972bc382da2</Metadata>
22 <Metadata name="lastmodified">1714975827</Metadata>
23 <Metadata name="lastmodifieddate">20240506</Metadata>
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27 <Metadata name="gsdlassocfile">boleynex.gif:image/gif:</Metadata>
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30 <Content>
31
32&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
33 &lt;center&gt;
34 &lt;table border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;4&quot; width=&quot;94%&quot;&gt;
35 &lt;tr&gt;
36 &lt;td valign=&quot;bottom&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot;&gt;
37 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt;
38 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
39&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/boleynex.gif&quot; alt=&quot;Primary Sources: 1536: The execution of Anne Boleyn&quot; width=&quot;372&quot; height=&quot;167&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;
40 &lt;/tr&gt;
41 &lt;tr&gt;
42 &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
43 &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
44 &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
45 &lt;/tr&gt;
46 &lt;tr&gt;
47 &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;48%&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#FFFFE8&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;
48&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/boleyn-sketch1.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;sketch of Anne Boleyn by Hans Holbein the Younger&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; width=&quot;175&quot; height=&quot;157&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;-1&quot;&gt;This
49 account of Anne Boleyn's fall from royal favor was written by the Spanish
50 ambassador Eustace Chapuys,
51
52in a letter to Emperor Charles V.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;p&gt;
53 &lt;font size=&quot;-1&quot;&gt;Chapuys despised Anne; she returned the feeling.&amp;nbsp; He
54 was the chief adviser and confidante of Henry VIII's first wife, Katharine
55 of Aragon.&amp;nbsp; He did not recognize the king's marriage to Anne and
56 referred to her as 'the concubine' and 'the whore' in his official
57 dispatches.&amp;nbsp; Like many, Chapuys blamed Anne for the king's poor
58 treatment of Katharine and their daughter, Princess Mary.&amp;nbsp; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;p&gt;
59 &lt;font size=&quot;-1&quot;&gt;Chapuys had confidently predicted Anne's fall for several
60 years.&amp;nbsp; When it actually happened, he was quite surprised.&amp;nbsp; He had
61 not recognized the depth of Henry's feelings for the woman who would become
62 his third wife, Jane Seymour.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;p&gt;
63 &lt;font size=&quot;-1&quot;&gt;Despite Chapuys's dislike of Anne, his account gives little
64 credit to the king.&amp;nbsp; He clearly considered Henry's behavior to be
65 inappropriate; it was also unpopular.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
66 &lt;td width=&quot;4%&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
67 &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;48%&quot;&gt;
68
69&lt;p&gt;
70The joy shown by the people every day, not only at the ruin of the concubine
71but at the hope of princess Mary's restoration is inconceivable, but as
72yet the king shows no great disposition towards the latter; indeed he has
73twice shown himself obstinate when spoken to on the subject by his council.&amp;nbsp;
74I hear that, even before the arrest of the concubine, the king, speaking
75with Mistress Jane Seymour of their future marriage, the latter suggested
76that the princess should be replaced in her former position; and the king
77told her she was a fool, and ought to solicit the advancement of the children
78they would have between them, and not any others.&amp;nbsp; She replied that
79in asking for the restoration of the princess she was seeking the rest
80and tranquility of the king, herself, her future children, and the whole
81realm; for, without that neither your majesty nor this people would ever
82be content.
83&lt;p&gt;I will endeavor by all means to make her continue in this vein; I hope
84also to go and speak with the king within three days, and with members
85of the council in general.&amp;nbsp; I think the concubine's little bastard
86Elizabeth will be excluded from the succession, and that the king will
87get himself requested by parliament to marry.&amp;nbsp; To cover the affection
88he has for the said Seymour he has lodged her seven miles away in the house
89of a grand esquire, and says publicly that he has no desire in the world
90to marry again, unless he is constrained by his subjects to do so.&amp;nbsp;
91Several have already told me and sent to say that, if it cost them their
92lives, when parliament meets they will urge the cause of the princess to
93the utmost.
94&lt;p&gt;The very evening the concubine was brought to the Tower of London, when
95the duke of Richmond went to say goodnight to his father, and ask his blessing
96after the English custom, the king began to weep, saying that he and his
97sister, meaning the princess, were greatly bound to God for having escaped
98the hands of that accursed whore, who had determined to poison them; from
99which it is clear that the king knew something about it.
100&lt;p&gt;Master Norris, the king's chief butler, Master Weston who used to lie
101with the king, Master Brereton gentleman of the chamber, and the groom
102of whom I wrote to your majesty by my man, were all condemned as traitors.&amp;nbsp;
103Only the groom confessed that he had been three times with the said whore
104and concubine.&amp;nbsp; The others were condemned upon presumption and certain
105indications, without valid proof or confession.
106&lt;p&gt;The concubine and her brother were condemned for treason by all the
107principal lords of England, and the duke of Norfolk pronounced sentence.&amp;nbsp;
108I am told the earl of Wiltshire was quite as ready to assist at the judgement
109as he had done at the condemnation of the other four.&amp;nbsp; Neither the
110whore nor her brother was brought to Westminster like the other criminals.&amp;nbsp;
111They were condemned within the Tower of London, but the thing was not done
112secretly, for there were more than 2,000 persons present.&amp;nbsp; What she
113was principally charged with was having cohabited with her brother and
114other accomplices; that there was a promise between her and Norris to marry
115after the king's death, which it thus appeared they hoped for; and that
116she had received and given to Norris certain medals, which might be interpreted
117to mean that she had poisoned the late queen, and intrigued to do the same
118to the princess.&amp;nbsp; These things she totally denied and gave to each
119a plausible answer.&amp;nbsp; Yet she confessed she had given money to Weston,
120as she had often done to other young gentlemen.&amp;nbsp; She was also charged,
121and her brother likewise, with having laughed at the king and his dress,
122and that she showed in various ways she did not love the king, but was
123tired of him.&amp;nbsp; Her brother was charged with having cohabited with
124her by presumption, because he had once been found a long time with her,
125and with certain other little follies.&amp;nbsp; To all he replied so well
126that several of those present wagered 10 to 1 that he would be acquitted,
127especially as no witnesses were produced against either him or her, as
128it is usual to do, particularly when the accused denies the charge.
129&lt;p&gt;I must not omit that among other things charged against him as a crime
130was, that his sister had told his wife that the king was impotent.&amp;nbsp;
131This he was not openly charged with, but it was shown him in writing, with
132a warning not to repeat it.&amp;nbsp; But he immediately declared the matter,
133in great contempt of Cromwell and some others, saying he would not in this
134point arouse any suspicion which might prejudice the king's issue.&amp;nbsp;
135He was also charged with having spread reports which called in question
136whether his sister's daughter was the king's child.&amp;nbsp; To which he made
137no reply.&amp;nbsp; They were judged separately and did not see each other.&amp;nbsp;
138The concubine was condemned first, and having heard the sentence, which
139was to be burnt or beheaded at the king's pleasure, she preserved her composure,
140saying that she held herself ready to greet death and that what she regretted
141most was that the above persons, who were innocent and loyal to the king,
142were to die for her.&amp;nbsp; She only asked a short time for confession.&amp;nbsp;
143Her brother, after his condemnation, said that since he must die, he would
144no longer maintain his innocence, but confessed that he had deserved death.&amp;nbsp;
145He only begged the king that his debts, which he recounted, might be paid
146out of his goods.
147&lt;p&gt;Although everybody rejoices at the execution of the whore there are
148some who murmur at the mode of procedure against her and the others, and
149people speak variously of the king; and it will not pacify the world when
150it is known what has passed and is passing between him and Jane Seymour.&amp;nbsp;
151Already it sounds ill in the ears of the people, that the king, having
152received such ignominy, has shown himself more glad than ever since the
153arrest of the whore; for he has been going about banqueting with ladies,
154sometimes remaining after midnight, and returning by the river.&amp;nbsp; Most
155of the time he was accompanied by various musical instruments, and, on
156the other hand, by the singers of his chamber, which many interpret as
157showing his delight at getting rid of a thin, old and wicked fool with
158hope of change, which is a thing especially agreeable to this king.&amp;nbsp;
159He supped lately with several ladies in the house of the bishop of Carlisle,
160and showed an extravagant joy, as the said bishop came to tell me next
161morning, who reported moreover that the king had said to him, among other
162things, that he had long expected the issue of these affairs, and that
163thereupon he had before composed a tragedy, which he carried with him;
164and so saying the king drew from his bosom a little book written in his
165own hand, but the bishop did not read the contents.&amp;nbsp; It may have been
166certain ballads that the king had composed, at which the whore and her
167brother laughed as foolish things, which was objected to them as a great
168crime.
169&lt;p&gt;Three days after the concubine's imprisonment the princess was removed,
170and was honourably accompanied both by the servants of the little bastard
171and by several gentlemen who came of their own accord.&amp;nbsp; Many of her
172old servants and maids at this news went to her, and although her governess
173allowed them to remain, she was warned by me not to accept or retain anyone
174but those given her by the king her father.&amp;nbsp; What I most fear as regards
175her is, that when the king is asked by parliament to restore her to her
176rights, he will refuse his consent unless the princess first swears to
177the statutes invalidating the first marriage and the pope's authority.&amp;nbsp;
178To this, I think, she will not easily yield, although I should advise her
179to acquiesce in everything as far as she can without prejudice to her conscience.&lt;blockquote&gt;
180 &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
181 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
182 &lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fmonarchs%2fboleyn.html&quot;&gt;
183 &lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;to the Anne
184 Boleyn website&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
185 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fprimary.html&quot;&gt;
186 &lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;to Primary Sources&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
187 &lt;/tr&gt;
188 &lt;/table&gt;
189 &lt;/center&gt;
190&lt;/div&gt;
191
192
193
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196</Content>
197</Section>
198</Archive>
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