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    <Metadata name="Title">Primary Sources: A contemporary description of Henry VIII, 1515</Metadata>
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    <Metadata name="dc.Subject">Tudor period|Others</Metadata>
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&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/1515.gif&quot; alt=&quot;Primary Sources: 1515: A contemporary description of King Henry VIII&quot; width=&quot;397&quot; height=&quot;109&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;
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      &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;48%&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#FFFFE8&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;The accounts 
      at right were written by the Venetian ambassador to Henry's court.&amp;nbsp; 
      They are among the most famous descriptions of Henry VIII and capture his 
      exuberance, vanity and wit.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Henry VIII was born on 
      28 June 1491, the second son of King Henry VII and Elizabeth of York.&amp;nbsp; 
      He was originally destined to be archbishop of Canterbury, but his older 
      brother, Prince Arthur, died in 1502, shortly after marrying the Spanish 
      princess Katharine of Aragon.&amp;nbsp; And so Henry became king of England at 
      the age of 18.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
      &lt;p&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;He was strong, handsome, athletic and very intelligent.&amp;nbsp; 
      The English people at first idolized him.&amp;nbsp; His thirty-eight year 
      reign, however, disabused them of their early worship.&amp;nbsp; Henry married 
      six times, executed two of his wives, was rumored to have poisoned one and 
      secretly ordered the death of another.&amp;nbsp; He was increasingly mercurial 
      and tyrannical.&amp;nbsp; He imprisoned or executed, or both, many of the 
      great nobles; he also executed several religious and intellectual leaders, 
      most famously Sir Thomas More.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
      &lt;p&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Much of the drama and confusion of Henry's reign was 
      caused by his pressing need for a male heir.&amp;nbsp; His first marriage, to 
      his brother's widow, Katharine of Aragon, lasted over twenty years but 
      produced only a surviving daughter.&amp;nbsp; In order to marry again, Henry 
      eventually rejected papal authority in England and named himself supreme 
      head of a new English church.&amp;nbsp; This decision forever altered English 
      history; it also threw the English people into a social and religious 
      upheaval which superficially ended during Queen Elizabeth I's reign.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
      &lt;p&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;As king, Henry was as efficient as his father, though 
      far more of a spendthrift.&amp;nbsp; He effectively controlled Parliament and 
      chose brilliant advisers (first Wolsey, then Cromwell.)&amp;nbsp; His foreign 
      policy was largely inconsequential, driven by his desire to interfere in 
      continental affairs.&amp;nbsp; He remains one of the most famous and 
      influential kings in English history.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
      &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
      &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
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    &lt;p&gt;After dinner, we were taken to the King [Henry VIII], who embraced
us, without ceremony, and conversed for a very long while very familiarly,
on various topics, in good Latin and in French, which he speaks very well
indeed, and he then dismissed us, and we were brought back here to London....
&lt;br&gt;His Majesty is the handsomest potentate I ever set eyes on; above the
usual height, with an extremely fine calf to his leg, his complexion very
fair and bright, with auburn hair combed straight and short, in the French
fashion, his throat being rather long and thick.&amp;nbsp; He was born on the
28th of June, 1491, so he will enter his twenty-fifth year the month after
next.&amp;nbsp; He speaks French, English, and Latin, and a little Italian,
plays well on the lute and harpsichord, sings from book at sight, draws
the bow with greater strength&amp;nbsp; than any man in England, and jousts
marvelously.&amp;nbsp; Believe me, he is in every respect a most accomplished
Prince; and I, who have now seen all the sovereigns in Christendom, and
last of all these two of France and England in such great state, might
well rest content. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;[And later that year....] His Majesty came into our arbor, and addressing
me in French, said: 'Talk with me awhile!&amp;nbsp; The King of France, is
he as tall as I am?'&amp;nbsp; I told him there was but little difference.&amp;nbsp;
He continued, 'Is he as stout?'&amp;nbsp; I said he was not; and he then inquired,
'What sort of legs has he?'&amp;nbsp; I replied 'Spare.'&amp;nbsp; Whereupon he
opened the front of his doublet, and placing his hand on his thigh, said
'Look here! and I have also a good calf to my leg.'&amp;nbsp; He then told
me that he was very fond of this King of France, and that for the sake
of seeing him, he went over there in person, and that on more than three
occasions he was very near him with his army, but that he never would allow
himself to be seen, and always retreated, which his Majesty attributed
to deference for King Louis, who did not choose an engagement to take place;
and he here commenced discussing in detail all the events of that war,
and then took his departure....
&lt;br&gt;After dinner, his Majesty and many others armed themselves &lt;i&gt;cap-a-pie&lt;/i&gt;,
and he chose us to see him joust, running upwards of thirty courses, in
one of which he capsized his opponent (who is the finest jouster in the
whole kingdom), horse and all.&amp;nbsp; He then took off his helmet, and came
under the windows where we were, and talked and laughed with us to our
very great honor, and to the surprise of all beholders.
&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
&lt;font size=-1&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fprimary.html&quot;&gt;to
Primary Sources&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
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