1 | /*
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2 | * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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3 | * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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4 | * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
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5 | * (at your option) any later version.
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6 | *
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7 | * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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8 | * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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9 | * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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10 | * GNU General Public License for more details.
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11 | *
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12 | * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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13 | * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
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14 | * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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15 | */
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16 |
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17 | /*
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18 | * Attribute.java
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19 | * Copyright (C) 1999 Eibe Frank
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20 | *
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21 | */
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22 |
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23 | package weka.core;
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24 |
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25 | import java.io.*;
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26 | import java.util.*;
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27 |
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28 | /**
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29 | * Class for handling an attribute. Once an attribute has been created,
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30 | * it can't be changed. <p>
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31 | *
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32 | * Three attribute types are supported:
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33 | * <ul>
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34 | * <li> numeric: <ul>
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35 | * This type of attribute represents a floating-point number.
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36 | * </ul>
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37 | * <li> nominal: <ul>
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38 | * This type of attribute represents a fixed set of nominal values.
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39 | * </ul>
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40 | * <li> string: <ul>
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41 | * This type of attribute represents a dynamically expanding set of
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42 | * nominal values. String attributes are not used by the learning
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43 | * schemes in Weka. They can be used, for example, to store an
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44 | * identifier with each instance in a dataset.
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45 | * </ul>
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46 | * </ul>
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47 | * Typical usage (code from the main() method of this class): <p>
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48 | *
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49 | * <code>
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50 | * ... <br>
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51 | *
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52 | * // Create numeric attributes "length" and "weight" <br>
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53 | * Attribute length = new Attribute("length"); <br>
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54 | * Attribute weight = new Attribute("weight"); <br><br>
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55 | *
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56 | * // Create vector to hold nominal values "first", "second", "third" <br>
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57 | * FastVector my_nominal_values = new FastVector(3); <br>
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58 | * my_nominal_values.addElement("first"); <br>
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59 | * my_nominal_values.addElement("second"); <br>
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60 | * my_nominal_values.addElement("third"); <br><br>
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61 | *
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62 | * // Create nominal attribute "position" <br>
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63 | * Attribute position = new Attribute("position", my_nominal_values);<br>
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64 | *
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65 | * ... <br>
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66 | * </code><p>
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67 | *
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68 | * @author Eibe Frank ([email protected])
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69 | * @version $Revision: 8815 $
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70 | */
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71 | public class Attribute implements Copyable, Serializable {
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72 |
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73 | /** Constant set for numeric attributes. */
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74 | public final static int NUMERIC = 0;
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75 |
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76 | /** Constant set for nominal attributes. */
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77 | public final static int NOMINAL = 1;
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78 |
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79 | /** Constant set for attributes with string values. */
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80 | public final static int STRING = 2;
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81 |
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82 | /** Strings longer than this will be stored compressed. */
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83 | private final static int STRING_COMPRESS_THRESHOLD = 200;
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84 | //private final static int STRING_COMPRESS_THRESHOLD = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
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85 |
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86 | /** The attribute's name. */
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87 | private String m_Name;
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88 |
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89 | /** The attribute's type. */
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90 | private int m_Type;
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91 |
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92 | /** The attribute's values (if nominal or string). */
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93 | private FastVector m_Values;
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94 |
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95 | /** Mapping of values to indices (if nominal or string). */
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96 | private Hashtable m_Hashtable;
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97 |
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98 | /** The attribute's index. */
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99 | private int m_Index;
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100 |
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101 | /**
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102 | * Constructor for a numeric attribute.
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103 | *
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104 | * @param attributeName the name for the attribute
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105 | */
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106 | public Attribute(String attributeName) {
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107 |
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108 | m_Name = attributeName;
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109 | m_Index = -1;
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110 | m_Values = null;
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111 | m_Hashtable = null;
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112 | m_Type = NUMERIC;
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113 | }
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114 |
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115 | /**
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116 | * Constructor for nominal attributes and string attributes.
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117 | * If a null vector of attribute values is passed to the method,
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118 | * the attribute is assumed to be a string.
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119 | *
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120 | * @param attributeName the name for the attribute
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121 | * @param attributeValues a vector of strings denoting the
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122 | * attribute values. Null if the attribute is a string attribute.
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123 | */
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124 | public Attribute(String attributeName,
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125 | FastVector attributeValues) {
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126 |
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127 | m_Name = attributeName;
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128 | m_Index = -1;
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129 | if (attributeValues == null) {
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130 | m_Values = new FastVector();
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131 | m_Hashtable = new Hashtable();
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132 | m_Type = STRING;
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133 | } else {
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134 | m_Values = (FastVector) attributeValues.copy();
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135 | m_Hashtable = new Hashtable(m_Values.size());
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136 | for (int i = 0; i < m_Values.size(); i++) {
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137 | m_Hashtable.put(m_Values.elementAt(i), new Integer(i));
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138 | }
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139 | m_Type = NOMINAL;
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140 | }
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141 | }
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142 |
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143 | /**
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144 | * Produces a shallow copy of this attribute.
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145 | *
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146 | * @return a copy of this attribute with the same index
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147 | */
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148 | public Object copy() {
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149 |
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150 | Attribute copy = new Attribute(m_Name);
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151 |
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152 | copy.m_Index = m_Index;
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153 | if (!isNominal() && !isString())
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154 | return copy;
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155 | copy.m_Type = m_Type;
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156 | copy.m_Values = m_Values;
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157 | copy.m_Hashtable = m_Hashtable;
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158 |
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159 | return copy;
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160 | }
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161 |
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162 | /**
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163 | * Returns an enumeration of all the attribute's values if
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164 | * the attribute is nominal or a string, null otherwise.
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165 | *
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166 | * @return enumeration of all the attribute's values
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167 | */
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168 | public final Enumeration enumerateValues() {
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169 |
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170 | if (isNominal() || isString()) {
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171 | final Enumeration ee = m_Values.elements();
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172 | return new Enumeration () {
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173 | public boolean hasMoreElements() {
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174 | return ee.hasMoreElements();
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175 | }
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176 | public Object nextElement() {
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177 | Object oo = ee.nextElement();
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178 | if (oo instanceof SerializedObject) {
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179 | return ((SerializedObject)oo).getObject();
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180 | } else {
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181 | return oo;
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182 | }
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183 | }
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184 | };
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185 | }
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186 | return null;
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187 | }
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188 |
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189 | /**
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190 | * Tests if given attribute is equal to this attribute.
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191 | *
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192 | * @param other the Object to be compared to this attribute
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193 | * @return true if the given attribute is equal to this attribute
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194 | */
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195 | public final boolean equals(Object other) {
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196 |
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197 | if ((other == null) || !(other.getClass().equals(this.getClass()))) {
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198 | return false;
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199 | }
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200 | Attribute att = (Attribute) other;
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201 | if (!m_Name.equals(att.m_Name)) {
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202 | return false;
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203 | }
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204 | if (isNumeric() && att.isNumeric()) {
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205 | return true;
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206 | }
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207 | if (isNumeric() || att.isNumeric()) {
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208 | return false;
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209 | }
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210 | if (m_Values.size() != att.m_Values.size()) {
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211 | return false;
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212 | }
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213 | for (int i = 0; i < m_Values.size(); i++) {
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214 | if (!m_Values.elementAt(i).equals(att.m_Values.elementAt(i))) {
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215 | return false;
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216 | }
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217 | }
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218 | return true;
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219 | }
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220 |
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221 | /**
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222 | * Returns the index of this attribute.
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223 | *
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224 | * @return the index of this attribute
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225 | */
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226 | public final int index() {
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227 |
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228 | return m_Index;
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229 | }
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230 |
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231 | /**
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232 | * Returns the index of a given attribute value. (The index of
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233 | * the first occurence of this value.)
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234 | *
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235 | * @param value the value for which the index is to be returned
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236 | * @return the index of the given attribute value if attribute
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237 | * is nominal or a string, -1 if it is numeric or the value
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238 | * can't be found
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239 | */
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240 | public final int indexOfValue(String value) {
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241 |
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242 | if (!isNominal() && !isString())
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243 | return -1;
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244 | Object store = value;
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245 | if (value.length() > STRING_COMPRESS_THRESHOLD) {
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246 | try {
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247 | store = new SerializedObject(value, true);
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248 | } catch (Exception ex) {
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249 | System.err.println("Couldn't compress string attribute value -"
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250 | + " searching uncompressed.");
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251 | }
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252 | }
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253 | Integer val = (Integer)m_Hashtable.get(store);
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254 | if (val == null) {
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255 | throw new IllegalArgumentException("Value \"" + value +
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256 | "\" not found in attribute " +
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257 | "declaration!");
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258 | } else {
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259 | return val.intValue();
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260 | }
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261 | }
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262 |
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263 | /**
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264 | * Test if the attribute is nominal.
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265 | *
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266 | * @return true if the attribute is nominal
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267 | */
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268 | public final boolean isNominal() {
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269 |
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270 | return (m_Type == NOMINAL);
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271 | }
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272 |
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273 | /**
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274 | * Tests if the attribute is numeric.
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275 | *
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276 | * @return true if the attribute is numeric
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277 | */
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278 | public final boolean isNumeric() {
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279 |
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280 | return (m_Type == NUMERIC);
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281 | }
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282 |
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283 | /**
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284 | * Tests if the attribute is a string.
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285 | *
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286 | * @return true if the attribute is a string
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287 | */
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288 | public final boolean isString() {
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289 |
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290 | return (m_Type == STRING);
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291 | }
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292 |
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293 | /**
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294 | * Returns the attribute's name.
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295 | *
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296 | * @return the attribute's name as a string
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297 | */
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298 | public final String name() {
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299 |
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300 | return m_Name;
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301 | }
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302 |
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303 | /**
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304 | * Returns the number of attribute values. Returns 0 for numeric attributes.
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305 | *
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306 | * @return the number of attribute values
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307 | */
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308 | public final int numValues() {
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309 |
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310 | if (!isNominal() && !isString()) {
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311 | return 0;
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312 | } else {
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313 | return m_Values.size();
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314 | }
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315 | }
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316 |
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317 | /**
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318 | * Returns a description of this attribute in ARFF format. Quotes
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319 | * strings if they contain whitespace characters, or if they
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320 | * are a question mark.
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321 | *
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322 | * @return a description of this attribute as a string
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323 | */
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324 | public final String toString() {
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325 |
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326 | StringBuffer text = new StringBuffer();
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327 |
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328 | text.append("@attribute " + Utils.quote(m_Name) + " ");
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329 | if (isNominal()) {
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330 | text.append('{');
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331 | Enumeration enum = enumerateValues();
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332 | while (enum.hasMoreElements()) {
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333 | text.append(Utils.quote((String) enum.nextElement()));
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334 | if (enum.hasMoreElements())
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335 | text.append(',');
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336 | }
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337 | text.append('}');
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338 | } else {
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339 | if (isNumeric()) {
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340 | text.append("numeric");
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341 | } else {
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342 | text.append("string");
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343 | }
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344 | }
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345 | return text.toString();
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346 | }
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347 |
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348 | /**
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349 | * Returns the attribute's type as an integer.
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350 | *
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351 | * @returns the attribute's type.
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352 | */
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353 | public final int type() {
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354 |
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355 | return m_Type;
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356 | }
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357 |
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358 | /**
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359 | * Returns a value of a nominal or string attribute.
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360 | * Returns an empty string if the attribute is neither
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361 | * nominal nor a string attribute.
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362 | *
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363 | * @param valIndex the value's index
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364 | * @return the attribute's value as a string
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365 | */
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366 | public final String value(int valIndex) {
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367 |
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368 | if (!isNominal() && !isString()) {
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369 | return "";
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370 | } else {
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371 | Object val = m_Values.elementAt(valIndex);
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372 |
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373 | // If we're storing strings compressed, uncompress it.
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374 | if (val instanceof SerializedObject) {
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375 | val = ((SerializedObject)val).getObject();
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376 | }
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377 | return (String) val;
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378 | }
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379 | }
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380 |
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381 | /**
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382 | * Constructor for a numeric attribute with a particular index.
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383 | *
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384 | * @param attributeName the name for the attribute
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385 | * @param index the attribute's index
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386 | */
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387 | Attribute(String attributeName, int index) {
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388 |
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389 | this(attributeName);
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390 |
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391 | m_Index = index;
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392 | }
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393 |
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394 | /**
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395 | * Constructor for nominal attributes and string attributes with
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396 | * a particular index.
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397 | * If a null vector of attribute values is passed to the method,
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398 | * the attribute is assumed to be a string.
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399 | *
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400 | * @param attributeName the name for the attribute
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401 | * @param attributeValues a vector of strings denoting the attribute values.
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402 | * Null if the attribute is a string attribute.
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403 | * @param index the attribute's index
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404 | */
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405 | Attribute(String attributeName, FastVector attributeValues,
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406 | int index) {
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407 |
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408 | this(attributeName, attributeValues);
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409 |
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410 | m_Index = index;
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411 | }
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412 |
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413 | /**
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414 | * Adds a string value to the list of valid strings for attributes
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415 | * of type STRING and returns the index of the string.
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416 | *
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417 | * @param value The string value to add
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418 | * @return the index assigned to the string, or -1 if the attribute is not
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419 | * of type Attribute.STRING
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420 | */
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421 | public int addStringValue(String value) {
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422 |
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423 | if (!isString()) {
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424 | return -1;
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425 | }
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426 | Object store = value;
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427 |
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428 | if (value.length() > STRING_COMPRESS_THRESHOLD) {
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429 | try {
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430 | store = new SerializedObject(value, true);
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431 | } catch (Exception ex) {
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432 | System.err.println("Couldn't compress string attribute value -"
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433 | + " storing uncompressed.");
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434 | }
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435 | }
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436 | Integer index = (Integer)m_Hashtable.get(store);
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437 | if (index != null) {
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438 | return index.intValue();
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439 | } else {
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440 | int intIndex = m_Values.size();
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441 | m_Values.addElement(store);
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442 | m_Hashtable.put(store, new Integer(intIndex));
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443 | return intIndex;
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444 | }
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445 | }
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446 |
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447 | /**
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448 | * Adds a string value to the list of valid strings for attributes
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449 | * of type STRING and returns the index of the string. This method is
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450 | * more efficient than addStringValue(String) for long strings.
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451 | *
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452 | * @param src The Attribute containing the string value to add.
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453 | * @param int index the index of the string value in the source attribute.
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454 | * @return the index assigned to the string, or -1 if the attribute is not
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455 | * of type Attribute.STRING
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456 | */
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457 | public int addStringValue(Attribute src, int index) {
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458 |
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459 | if (!isString()) {
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460 | return -1;
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461 | }
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462 | Object store = src.m_Values.elementAt(index);
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463 | Integer oldIndex = (Integer)m_Hashtable.get(store);
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464 | if (oldIndex != null) {
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465 | return oldIndex.intValue();
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466 | } else {
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467 | int intIndex = m_Values.size();
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468 | m_Values.addElement(store);
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469 | m_Hashtable.put(store, new Integer(intIndex));
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470 | return intIndex;
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471 | }
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472 | }
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473 |
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474 | /**
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475 | * Adds an attribute value. Creates a fresh list of attribute
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476 | * values before adding it.
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477 | *
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478 | * @param value the attribute value
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479 | */
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480 | final void addValue(String value) {
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481 |
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482 | m_Values = (FastVector)m_Values.copy();
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483 | m_Hashtable = (Hashtable)m_Hashtable.clone();
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484 | forceAddValue(value);
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485 | }
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486 |
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487 | /**
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488 | * Produces a shallow copy of this attribute with a new name.
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489 | *
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490 | * @param newName the name of the new attribute
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491 | * @return a copy of this attribute with the same index
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492 | */
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493 | final Attribute copy(String newName) {
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494 |
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495 | Attribute copy = new Attribute(newName);
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496 |
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497 | copy.m_Index = m_Index;
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498 | if (!isNominal() && !isString())
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499 | return copy;
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500 | copy.m_Type = m_Type;
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501 | copy.m_Values = m_Values;
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502 | copy.m_Hashtable = m_Hashtable;
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503 |
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504 | return copy;
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505 | }
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506 |
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507 | /**
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508 | * Removes a value of a nominal or string attribute. Creates a
|
---|
509 | * fresh list of attribute values before removing it.
|
---|
510 | *
|
---|
511 | * @param index the value's index
|
---|
512 | * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the attribute is not nominal
|
---|
513 | */
|
---|
514 | final void delete(int index) {
|
---|
515 |
|
---|
516 | if (!isNominal() && !isString())
|
---|
517 | throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can only remove value of" +
|
---|
518 | "nominal or string attribute!");
|
---|
519 | else {
|
---|
520 | m_Values = (FastVector)m_Values.copy();
|
---|
521 | m_Values.removeElementAt(index);
|
---|
522 | Hashtable hash = new Hashtable(m_Hashtable.size());
|
---|
523 | Enumeration enum = hash.keys();
|
---|
524 | while (enum.hasMoreElements()) {
|
---|
525 | String string = (String)enum.nextElement();
|
---|
526 | Integer valIndexObject = (Integer)m_Hashtable.get(string);
|
---|
527 | int valIndex = valIndexObject.intValue();
|
---|
528 | if (valIndex > index) {
|
---|
529 | hash.put(string, new Integer(valIndex - 1));
|
---|
530 | } else if (valIndex < index) {
|
---|
531 | hash.put(string, valIndexObject);
|
---|
532 | }
|
---|
533 | }
|
---|
534 | m_Hashtable = hash;
|
---|
535 | }
|
---|
536 | }
|
---|
537 |
|
---|
538 | /**
|
---|
539 | * Adds an attribute value.
|
---|
540 | *
|
---|
541 | * @param value the attribute value
|
---|
542 | */
|
---|
543 | final void forceAddValue(String value) {
|
---|
544 |
|
---|
545 | Object store = value;
|
---|
546 | if (value.length() > STRING_COMPRESS_THRESHOLD) {
|
---|
547 | try {
|
---|
548 | store = new SerializedObject(value, true);
|
---|
549 | } catch (Exception ex) {
|
---|
550 | System.err.println("Couldn't compress string attribute value -"
|
---|
551 | + " storing uncompressed.");
|
---|
552 | }
|
---|
553 | }
|
---|
554 | m_Values.addElement(store);
|
---|
555 | m_Hashtable.put(store, new Integer(m_Values.size() - 1));
|
---|
556 | }
|
---|
557 |
|
---|
558 | /**
|
---|
559 | * Sets the index of this attribute.
|
---|
560 | *
|
---|
561 | * @param the index of this attribute
|
---|
562 | */
|
---|
563 | final void setIndex(int index) {
|
---|
564 |
|
---|
565 | m_Index = index;
|
---|
566 | }
|
---|
567 |
|
---|
568 | /**
|
---|
569 | * Sets a value of a nominal attribute or string attribute.
|
---|
570 | * Creates a fresh list of attribute values before it is set.
|
---|
571 | *
|
---|
572 | * @param index the value's index
|
---|
573 | * @param string the value
|
---|
574 | * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the attribute is not nominal or
|
---|
575 | * string.
|
---|
576 | */
|
---|
577 | final void setValue(int index, String string) {
|
---|
578 |
|
---|
579 | if (!isNominal() && !isString()) {
|
---|
580 | throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can only set value of nominal"+
|
---|
581 | "or string attribute!");
|
---|
582 | } else {
|
---|
583 | m_Values = (FastVector)m_Values.copy();
|
---|
584 | m_Hashtable = (Hashtable)m_Hashtable.clone();
|
---|
585 | Object store = string;
|
---|
586 | if (string.length() > STRING_COMPRESS_THRESHOLD) {
|
---|
587 | try {
|
---|
588 | store = new SerializedObject(string, true);
|
---|
589 | } catch (Exception ex) {
|
---|
590 | System.err.println("Couldn't compress string attribute value -"
|
---|
591 | + " storing uncompressed.");
|
---|
592 | }
|
---|
593 | }
|
---|
594 | m_Hashtable.remove(m_Values.elementAt(index));
|
---|
595 | m_Values.setElementAt(store, index);
|
---|
596 | m_Hashtable.put(store, new Integer(index));
|
---|
597 | }
|
---|
598 | }
|
---|
599 |
|
---|
600 | /**
|
---|
601 | * Simple main method for testing this class.
|
---|
602 | */
|
---|
603 | public static void main(String[] ops) {
|
---|
604 |
|
---|
605 | try {
|
---|
606 |
|
---|
607 | // Create numeric attributes "length" and "weight"
|
---|
608 | Attribute length = new Attribute("length");
|
---|
609 | Attribute weight = new Attribute("weight");
|
---|
610 |
|
---|
611 | // Create vector to hold nominal values "first", "second", "third"
|
---|
612 | FastVector my_nominal_values = new FastVector(3);
|
---|
613 | my_nominal_values.addElement("first");
|
---|
614 | my_nominal_values.addElement("second");
|
---|
615 | my_nominal_values.addElement("third");
|
---|
616 |
|
---|
617 | // Create nominal attribute "position"
|
---|
618 | Attribute position = new Attribute("position", my_nominal_values);
|
---|
619 |
|
---|
620 | // Print the name of "position"
|
---|
621 | System.out.println("Name of \"position\": " + position.name());
|
---|
622 |
|
---|
623 | // Print the values of "position"
|
---|
624 | Enumeration attValues = position.enumerateValues();
|
---|
625 | while (attValues.hasMoreElements()) {
|
---|
626 | String string = (String)attValues.nextElement();
|
---|
627 | System.out.println("Value of \"position\": " + string);
|
---|
628 | }
|
---|
629 |
|
---|
630 | // Shallow copy attribute "position"
|
---|
631 | Attribute copy = (Attribute) position.copy();
|
---|
632 |
|
---|
633 | // Test if attributes are the same
|
---|
634 | System.out.println("Copy is the same as original: " + copy.equals(position));
|
---|
635 |
|
---|
636 | // Print index of attribute "weight" (should be unset: -1)
|
---|
637 | System.out.println("Index of attribute \"weight\" (should be -1): " +
|
---|
638 | weight.index());
|
---|
639 |
|
---|
640 | // Print index of value "first" of attribute "position"
|
---|
641 | System.out.println("Index of value \"first\" of \"position\" (should be 0): " +
|
---|
642 | position.indexOfValue("first"));
|
---|
643 |
|
---|
644 | // Tests type of attribute "position"
|
---|
645 | System.out.println("\"position\" is numeric: " + position.isNumeric());
|
---|
646 | System.out.println("\"position\" is nominal: " + position.isNominal());
|
---|
647 | System.out.println("\"position\" is string: " + position.isString());
|
---|
648 |
|
---|
649 | // Prints name of attribute "position"
|
---|
650 | System.out.println("Name of \"position\": " + position.name());
|
---|
651 |
|
---|
652 | // Prints number of values of attribute "position"
|
---|
653 | System.out.println("Number of values for \"position\": " + position.numValues());
|
---|
654 |
|
---|
655 | // Prints the values (againg)
|
---|
656 | for (int i = 0; i < position.numValues(); i++) {
|
---|
657 | System.out.println("Value " + i + ": " + position.value(i));
|
---|
658 | }
|
---|
659 |
|
---|
660 | // Prints the attribute "position" in ARFF format
|
---|
661 | System.out.println(position);
|
---|
662 |
|
---|
663 | // Checks type of attribute "position" using constants
|
---|
664 | switch (position.type()) {
|
---|
665 | case Attribute.NUMERIC:
|
---|
666 | System.out.println("\"position\" is numeric");
|
---|
667 | break;
|
---|
668 | case Attribute.NOMINAL:
|
---|
669 | System.out.println("\"position\" is nominal");
|
---|
670 | break;
|
---|
671 | case Attribute.STRING:
|
---|
672 | System.out.println("\"position\" is string");
|
---|
673 | break;
|
---|
674 | default:
|
---|
675 | System.out.println("\"position\" has unknown type");
|
---|
676 | }
|
---|
677 | } catch (Exception e) {
|
---|
678 | e.printStackTrace();
|
---|
679 | }
|
---|
680 | }
|
---|
681 | }
|
---|
682 |
|
---|