| 1 | package HTML::Entities;
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| 2 |
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| 3 | # $Id: Entities.pm 14078 2007-05-17 03:15:41Z lh92 $
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| 4 |
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| 5 | =head1 NAME
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| 6 |
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| 7 | HTML::Entities - Encode or decode strings with HTML entities
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| 8 |
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| 9 | =head1 SYNOPSIS
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| 10 |
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| 11 | use HTML::Entities;
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| 12 |
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| 13 | $a = "Våre norske tegn bør æres";
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| 14 | decode_entities($a);
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| 15 | encode_entities($a, "\200-\377");
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| 16 |
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| 17 | For example, this:
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| 18 |
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| 19 | $input = "vis-à-vis Beyoncé's naïve\npapier-mâché résumé";
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| 20 | print encode_entities($input), "\n"
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| 21 |
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| 22 | Prints this out:
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| 23 |
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| 24 | vis-à-vis Beyoncé's naïve
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| 25 | papier-mâché résumé
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| 26 |
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| 27 | =head1 DESCRIPTION
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| 28 |
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| 29 | This module deals with encoding and decoding of strings with HTML
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| 30 | character entities. The module provides the following functions:
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| 31 |
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| 32 | =over 4
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| 33 |
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| 34 | =item decode_entities( $string, ... )
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| 35 |
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| 36 | This routine replaces HTML entities found in the $string with the
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| 37 | corresponding Unicode character. Under perl 5.6 and earlier only
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| 38 | characters in the Latin-1 range are replaced. Unrecognized
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| 39 | entities are left alone.
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| 40 |
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| 41 | If multiple strings are provided as argument they are each decoded
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| 42 | separately and the same number of strings are returned.
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| 43 |
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| 44 | If called in void context the arguments are decoded in-place.
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| 45 |
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| 46 | This routine is exported by default.
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| 47 |
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| 48 | =item _decode_entities( $string, \%entity2char )
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| 49 |
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| 50 | =item _decode_entities( $string, \%entity2char, $expand_prefix )
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| 51 |
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| 52 | This will in-place replace HTML entities in $string. The %entity2char
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| 53 | hash must be provided. Named entities not found in the %entity2char
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| 54 | hash are left alone. Numeric entities are expanded unless their value
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| 55 | overflow.
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| 56 |
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| 57 | The keys in %entity2char are the entity names to be expanded and their
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| 58 | values are what they should expand into. The values do not have to be
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| 59 | single character strings. If a key has ";" as suffix,
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| 60 | then occurrences in $string are only expanded if properly terminated
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| 61 | with ";". Entities without ";" will be expanded regardless of how
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| 62 | they are terminated for compatiblity with how common browsers treat
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| 63 | entities in the Latin-1 range.
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| 64 |
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| 65 | If $expand_prefix is TRUE then entities without trailing ";" in
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| 66 | %entity2char will even be expanded as a prefix of a longer
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| 67 | unrecognized name. The longest matching name in %entity2char will be
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| 68 | used. This is mainly present for compatibility with an MSIE
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| 69 | misfeature.
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| 70 |
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| 71 | $string = "foo bar";
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| 72 | _decode_entities($string, { nb => "@", nbsp => "\xA0" }, 1);
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| 73 | print $string; # will print "foo bar"
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| 74 |
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| 75 | This routine is exported by default.
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| 76 |
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| 77 | =item encode_entities( $string )
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| 78 |
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| 79 | =item encode_entities( $string, $unsafe_chars )
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| 80 |
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| 81 | This routine replaces unsafe characters in $string with their entity
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| 82 | representation. A second argument can be given to specify which
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| 83 | characters to consider unsafe (i.e., which to escape). The default set
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| 84 | of characters to encode are control chars, high-bit chars, and the
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| 85 | C<< < >>, C<< & >>, C<< > >>, C<< ' >> and C<< " >>
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| 86 | characters. But this, for example, would encode I<just> the
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| 87 | C<< < >>, C<< & >>, C<< > >>, and C<< " >> characters:
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| 88 |
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| 89 | $encoded = encode_entities($input, '<>&"');
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| 90 |
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| 91 | This routine is exported by default.
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| 92 |
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| 93 | =item encode_entities_numeric( $string )
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| 94 |
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| 95 | =item encode_entities_numeric( $string, $unsafe_chars )
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| 96 |
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| 97 | This routine works just like encode_entities, except that the replacement
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| 98 | entities are always C<&#xI<hexnum>;> and never C<&I<entname>;>. For
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| 99 | example, C<encode_entities("r\xF4le")> returns "rôle", but
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| 100 | C<encode_entities_numeric("r\xF4le")> returns "rôle".
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| 101 |
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| 102 | This routine is I<not> exported by default. But you can always
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| 103 | export it with C<use HTML::Entities qw(encode_entities_numeric);>
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| 104 | or even C<use HTML::Entities qw(:DEFAULT encode_entities_numeric);>
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| 105 |
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| 106 | =back
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| 107 |
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| 108 | All these routines modify the string passed as the first argument, if
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| 109 | called in a void context. In scalar and array contexts, the encoded or
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| 110 | decoded string is returned (without changing the input string).
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| 111 |
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| 112 | If you prefer not to import these routines into your namespace, you can
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| 113 | call them as:
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| 114 |
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| 115 | use HTML::Entities ();
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| 116 | $decoded = HTML::Entities::decode($a);
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| 117 | $encoded = HTML::Entities::encode($a);
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| 118 | $encoded = HTML::Entities::encode_numeric($a);
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| 119 |
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| 120 | The module can also export the %char2entity and the %entity2char
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| 121 | hashes, which contain the mapping from all characters to the
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| 122 | corresponding entities (and vice versa, respectively).
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| 123 |
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| 124 | =head1 COPYRIGHT
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| 125 |
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| 126 | Copyright 1995-2006 Gisle Aas. All rights reserved.
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| 127 |
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| 128 | This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
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| 129 | modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
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| 130 |
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| 131 | =cut
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| 132 |
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| 133 | use strict;
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| 134 | use vars qw(@ISA @EXPORT @EXPORT_OK $VERSION);
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| 135 | use vars qw(%entity2char %char2entity);
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| 136 |
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| 137 | require 5.004;
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| 138 | require Exporter;
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| 139 | @ISA = qw(Exporter);
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| 140 |
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| 141 | @EXPORT = qw(encode_entities decode_entities _decode_entities);
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| 142 | @EXPORT_OK = qw(%entity2char %char2entity encode_entities_numeric);
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| 143 |
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| 144 | $VERSION = sprintf("%d.%02d", q$Revision: 14078 $ =~ /(\d+)\.(\d+)/);
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| 145 | sub Version { $VERSION; }
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| 146 |
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| 147 | require HTML::Parser; # for fast XS implemented decode_entities
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| 148 |
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| 149 |
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| 150 | %entity2char = (
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| 151 | # Some normal chars that have special meaning in SGML context
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| 152 | amp => '&', # ampersand
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| 153 | 'gt' => '>', # greater than
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| 154 | 'lt' => '<', # less than
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| 155 | quot => '"', # double quote
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| 156 | apos => "'", # single quote
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| 157 |
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| 158 | # PUBLIC ISO 8879-1986//ENTITIES Added Latin 1//EN//HTML
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| 159 | AElig => chr(198), # capital AE diphthong (ligature)
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| 160 | Aacute => chr(193), # capital A, acute accent
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| 161 | Acirc => chr(194), # capital A, circumflex accent
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| 162 | Agrave => chr(192), # capital A, grave accent
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| 163 | Aring => chr(197), # capital A, ring
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| 164 | Atilde => chr(195), # capital A, tilde
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| 165 | Auml => chr(196), # capital A, dieresis or umlaut mark
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| 166 | Ccedil => chr(199), # capital C, cedilla
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| 167 | ETH => chr(208), # capital Eth, Icelandic
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| 168 | Eacute => chr(201), # capital E, acute accent
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| 169 | Ecirc => chr(202), # capital E, circumflex accent
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| 170 | Egrave => chr(200), # capital E, grave accent
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| 171 | Euml => chr(203), # capital E, dieresis or umlaut mark
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| 172 | Iacute => chr(205), # capital I, acute accent
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| 173 | Icirc => chr(206), # capital I, circumflex accent
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| 174 | Igrave => chr(204), # capital I, grave accent
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| 175 | Iuml => chr(207), # capital I, dieresis or umlaut mark
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| 176 | Ntilde => chr(209), # capital N, tilde
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| 177 | Oacute => chr(211), # capital O, acute accent
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| 178 | Ocirc => chr(212), # capital O, circumflex accent
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| 179 | Ograve => chr(210), # capital O, grave accent
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| 180 | Oslash => chr(216), # capital O, slash
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| 181 | Otilde => chr(213), # capital O, tilde
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| 182 | Ouml => chr(214), # capital O, dieresis or umlaut mark
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| 183 | THORN => chr(222), # capital THORN, Icelandic
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| 184 | Uacute => chr(218), # capital U, acute accent
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| 185 | Ucirc => chr(219), # capital U, circumflex accent
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| 186 | Ugrave => chr(217), # capital U, grave accent
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| 187 | Uuml => chr(220), # capital U, dieresis or umlaut mark
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| 188 | Yacute => chr(221), # capital Y, acute accent
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| 189 | aacute => chr(225), # small a, acute accent
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| 190 | acirc => chr(226), # small a, circumflex accent
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| 191 | aelig => chr(230), # small ae diphthong (ligature)
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| 192 | agrave => chr(224), # small a, grave accent
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| 193 | aring => chr(229), # small a, ring
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| 194 | atilde => chr(227), # small a, tilde
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| 195 | auml => chr(228), # small a, dieresis or umlaut mark
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| 196 | ccedil => chr(231), # small c, cedilla
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| 197 | eacute => chr(233), # small e, acute accent
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| 198 | ecirc => chr(234), # small e, circumflex accent
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| 199 | egrave => chr(232), # small e, grave accent
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| 200 | eth => chr(240), # small eth, Icelandic
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| 201 | euml => chr(235), # small e, dieresis or umlaut mark
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| 202 | iacute => chr(237), # small i, acute accent
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| 203 | icirc => chr(238), # small i, circumflex accent
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| 204 | igrave => chr(236), # small i, grave accent
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| 205 | iuml => chr(239), # small i, dieresis or umlaut mark
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| 206 | ntilde => chr(241), # small n, tilde
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| 207 | oacute => chr(243), # small o, acute accent
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| 208 | ocirc => chr(244), # small o, circumflex accent
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| 209 | ograve => chr(242), # small o, grave accent
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| 210 | oslash => chr(248), # small o, slash
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| 211 | otilde => chr(245), # small o, tilde
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| 212 | ouml => chr(246), # small o, dieresis or umlaut mark
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| 213 | szlig => chr(223), # small sharp s, German (sz ligature)
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| 214 | thorn => chr(254), # small thorn, Icelandic
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| 215 | uacute => chr(250), # small u, acute accent
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| 216 | ucirc => chr(251), # small u, circumflex accent
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| 217 | ugrave => chr(249), # small u, grave accent
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| 218 | uuml => chr(252), # small u, dieresis or umlaut mark
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| 219 | yacute => chr(253), # small y, acute accent
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| 220 | yuml => chr(255), # small y, dieresis or umlaut mark
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| 221 |
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| 222 | # Some extra Latin 1 chars that are listed in the HTML3.2 draft (21-May-96)
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| 223 | copy => chr(169), # copyright sign
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| 224 | reg => chr(174), # registered sign
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| 225 | nbsp => chr(160), # non breaking space
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| 226 |
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| 227 | # Additional ISO-8859/1 entities listed in rfc1866 (section 14)
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| 228 | iexcl => chr(161),
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| 229 | cent => chr(162),
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| 230 | pound => chr(163),
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| 231 | curren => chr(164),
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| 232 | yen => chr(165),
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| 233 | brvbar => chr(166),
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| 234 | sect => chr(167),
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| 235 | uml => chr(168),
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| 236 | ordf => chr(170),
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| 237 | laquo => chr(171),
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| 238 | 'not' => chr(172), # not is a keyword in perl
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| 239 | shy => chr(173),
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| 240 | macr => chr(175),
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| 241 | deg => chr(176),
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| 242 | plusmn => chr(177),
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| 243 | sup1 => chr(185),
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| 244 | sup2 => chr(178),
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| 245 | sup3 => chr(179),
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| 246 | acute => chr(180),
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| 247 | micro => chr(181),
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| 248 | para => chr(182),
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| 249 | middot => chr(183),
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| 250 | cedil => chr(184),
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| 251 | ordm => chr(186),
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| 252 | raquo => chr(187),
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| 253 | frac14 => chr(188),
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| 254 | frac12 => chr(189),
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| 255 | frac34 => chr(190),
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| 256 | iquest => chr(191),
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| 257 | 'times' => chr(215), # times is a keyword in perl
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| 258 | divide => chr(247),
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| 259 |
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| 260 | ( $] > 5.007 ? (
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| 261 | 'OElig;' => chr(338),
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| 262 | 'oelig;' => chr(339),
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| 263 | 'Scaron;' => chr(352),
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| 264 | 'scaron;' => chr(353),
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| 265 | 'Yuml;' => chr(376),
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| 266 | 'fnof;' => chr(402),
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| 267 | 'circ;' => chr(710),
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| 268 | 'tilde;' => chr(732),
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| 269 | 'Alpha;' => chr(913),
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| 270 | 'Beta;' => chr(914),
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| 271 | 'Gamma;' => chr(915),
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| 272 | 'Delta;' => chr(916),
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| 273 | 'Epsilon;' => chr(917),
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| 274 | 'Zeta;' => chr(918),
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| 275 | 'Eta;' => chr(919),
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| 276 | 'Theta;' => chr(920),
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| 277 | 'Iota;' => chr(921),
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| 278 | 'Kappa;' => chr(922),
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| 279 | 'Lambda;' => chr(923),
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| 280 | 'Mu;' => chr(924),
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| 281 | 'Nu;' => chr(925),
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| 282 | 'Xi;' => chr(926),
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| 283 | 'Omicron;' => chr(927),
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| 284 | 'Pi;' => chr(928),
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| 285 | 'Rho;' => chr(929),
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| 286 | 'Sigma;' => chr(931),
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| 287 | 'Tau;' => chr(932),
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| 288 | 'Upsilon;' => chr(933),
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| 289 | 'Phi;' => chr(934),
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| 290 | 'Chi;' => chr(935),
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| 291 | 'Psi;' => chr(936),
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| 292 | 'Omega;' => chr(937),
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| 293 | 'alpha;' => chr(945),
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| 294 | 'beta;' => chr(946),
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| 295 | 'gamma;' => chr(947),
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| 296 | 'delta;' => chr(948),
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| 297 | 'epsilon;' => chr(949),
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| 298 | 'zeta;' => chr(950),
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| 299 | 'eta;' => chr(951),
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| 300 | 'theta;' => chr(952),
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| 301 | 'iota;' => chr(953),
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| 302 | 'kappa;' => chr(954),
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| 303 | 'lambda;' => chr(955),
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| 304 | 'mu;' => chr(956),
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| 305 | 'nu;' => chr(957),
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| 306 | 'xi;' => chr(958),
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| 307 | 'omicron;' => chr(959),
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| 308 | 'pi;' => chr(960),
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| 309 | 'rho;' => chr(961),
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| 310 | 'sigmaf;' => chr(962),
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| 311 | 'sigma;' => chr(963),
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| 312 | 'tau;' => chr(964),
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| 313 | 'upsilon;' => chr(965),
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| 314 | 'phi;' => chr(966),
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| 315 | 'chi;' => chr(967),
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| 316 | 'psi;' => chr(968),
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| 317 | 'omega;' => chr(969),
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| 318 | 'thetasym;' => chr(977),
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| 319 | 'upsih;' => chr(978),
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| 320 | 'piv;' => chr(982),
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| 321 | 'ensp;' => chr(8194),
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| 322 | 'emsp;' => chr(8195),
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| 323 | 'thinsp;' => chr(8201),
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| 324 | 'zwnj;' => chr(8204),
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| 325 | 'zwj;' => chr(8205),
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| 326 | 'lrm;' => chr(8206),
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| 327 | 'rlm;' => chr(8207),
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| 328 | 'ndash;' => chr(8211),
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| 329 | 'mdash;' => chr(8212),
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| 330 | 'lsquo;' => chr(8216),
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| 331 | 'rsquo;' => chr(8217),
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| 332 | 'sbquo;' => chr(8218),
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| 333 | 'ldquo;' => chr(8220),
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| 334 | 'rdquo;' => chr(8221),
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| 335 | 'bdquo;' => chr(8222),
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| 336 | 'dagger;' => chr(8224),
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| 337 | 'Dagger;' => chr(8225),
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| 338 | 'bull;' => chr(8226),
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| 339 | 'hellip;' => chr(8230),
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| 340 | 'permil;' => chr(8240),
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| 341 | 'prime;' => chr(8242),
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| 342 | 'Prime;' => chr(8243),
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| 343 | 'lsaquo;' => chr(8249),
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| 344 | 'rsaquo;' => chr(8250),
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| 345 | 'oline;' => chr(8254),
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| 346 | 'frasl;' => chr(8260),
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| 347 | 'euro;' => chr(8364),
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| 348 | 'image;' => chr(8465),
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| 349 | 'weierp;' => chr(8472),
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| 350 | 'real;' => chr(8476),
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| 351 | 'trade;' => chr(8482),
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| 352 | 'alefsym;' => chr(8501),
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| 353 | 'larr;' => chr(8592),
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| 354 | 'uarr;' => chr(8593),
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| 355 | 'rarr;' => chr(8594),
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| 356 | 'darr;' => chr(8595),
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| 357 | 'harr;' => chr(8596),
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| 358 | 'crarr;' => chr(8629),
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| 359 | 'lArr;' => chr(8656),
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| 360 | 'uArr;' => chr(8657),
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| 361 | 'rArr;' => chr(8658),
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| 362 | 'dArr;' => chr(8659),
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| 363 | 'hArr;' => chr(8660),
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| 364 | 'forall;' => chr(8704),
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| 365 | 'part;' => chr(8706),
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| 366 | 'exist;' => chr(8707),
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| 367 | 'empty;' => chr(8709),
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| 368 | 'nabla;' => chr(8711),
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| 369 | 'isin;' => chr(8712),
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| 370 | 'notin;' => chr(8713),
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| 371 | 'ni;' => chr(8715),
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| 372 | 'prod;' => chr(8719),
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| 373 | 'sum;' => chr(8721),
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| 374 | 'minus;' => chr(8722),
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| 375 | 'lowast;' => chr(8727),
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| 376 | 'radic;' => chr(8730),
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| 377 | 'prop;' => chr(8733),
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|---|
| 378 | 'infin;' => chr(8734),
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|---|
| 379 | 'ang;' => chr(8736),
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|---|
| 380 | 'and;' => chr(8743),
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|---|
| 381 | 'or;' => chr(8744),
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|---|
| 382 | 'cap;' => chr(8745),
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|---|
| 383 | 'cup;' => chr(8746),
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|---|
| 384 | 'int;' => chr(8747),
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|---|
| 385 | 'there4;' => chr(8756),
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|---|
| 386 | 'sim;' => chr(8764),
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|---|
| 387 | 'cong;' => chr(8773),
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|---|
| 388 | 'asymp;' => chr(8776),
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|---|
| 389 | 'ne;' => chr(8800),
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|---|
| 390 | 'equiv;' => chr(8801),
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|---|
| 391 | 'le;' => chr(8804),
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|---|
| 392 | 'ge;' => chr(8805),
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|---|
| 393 | 'sub;' => chr(8834),
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|---|
| 394 | 'sup;' => chr(8835),
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|---|
| 395 | 'nsub;' => chr(8836),
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|---|
| 396 | 'sube;' => chr(8838),
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|---|
| 397 | 'supe;' => chr(8839),
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|---|
| 398 | 'oplus;' => chr(8853),
|
|---|
| 399 | 'otimes;' => chr(8855),
|
|---|
| 400 | 'perp;' => chr(8869),
|
|---|
| 401 | 'sdot;' => chr(8901),
|
|---|
| 402 | 'lceil;' => chr(8968),
|
|---|
| 403 | 'rceil;' => chr(8969),
|
|---|
| 404 | 'lfloor;' => chr(8970),
|
|---|
| 405 | 'rfloor;' => chr(8971),
|
|---|
| 406 | 'lang;' => chr(9001),
|
|---|
| 407 | 'rang;' => chr(9002),
|
|---|
| 408 | 'loz;' => chr(9674),
|
|---|
| 409 | 'spades;' => chr(9824),
|
|---|
| 410 | 'clubs;' => chr(9827),
|
|---|
| 411 | 'hearts;' => chr(9829),
|
|---|
| 412 | 'diams;' => chr(9830),
|
|---|
| 413 | ) : ())
|
|---|
| 414 | );
|
|---|
| 415 |
|
|---|
| 416 |
|
|---|
| 417 | # Make the opposite mapping
|
|---|
| 418 | while (my($entity, $char) = each(%entity2char)) {
|
|---|
| 419 | $entity =~ s/;\z//;
|
|---|
| 420 | $char2entity{$char} = "&$entity;";
|
|---|
| 421 | }
|
|---|
| 422 | delete $char2entity{"'"}; # only one-way decoding
|
|---|
| 423 |
|
|---|
| 424 | # Fill in missing entities
|
|---|
| 425 | for (0 .. 255) {
|
|---|
| 426 | next if exists $char2entity{chr($_)};
|
|---|
| 427 | $char2entity{chr($_)} = "&#$_;";
|
|---|
| 428 | }
|
|---|
| 429 |
|
|---|
| 430 | my %subst; # compiled encoding regexps
|
|---|
| 431 |
|
|---|
| 432 | sub decode_entities_old
|
|---|
| 433 | {
|
|---|
| 434 | my $array;
|
|---|
| 435 | if (defined wantarray) {
|
|---|
| 436 | $array = [@_]; # copy
|
|---|
| 437 | } else {
|
|---|
| 438 | $array = \@_; # modify in-place
|
|---|
| 439 | }
|
|---|
| 440 | my $c;
|
|---|
| 441 | for (@$array) {
|
|---|
| 442 | s/(&\#(\d+);?)/$2 < 256 ? chr($2) : $1/eg;
|
|---|
| 443 | s/(&\#[xX]([0-9a-fA-F]+);?)/$c = hex($2); $c < 256 ? chr($c) : $1/eg;
|
|---|
| 444 | s/(&(\w+);?)/$entity2char{$2} || $1/eg;
|
|---|
| 445 | }
|
|---|
| 446 | wantarray ? @$array : $array->[0];
|
|---|
| 447 | }
|
|---|
| 448 |
|
|---|
| 449 | sub encode_entities
|
|---|
| 450 | {
|
|---|
| 451 | my $ref;
|
|---|
| 452 | if (defined wantarray) {
|
|---|
| 453 | my $x = $_[0];
|
|---|
| 454 | $ref = \$x; # copy
|
|---|
| 455 | } else {
|
|---|
| 456 | $ref = \$_[0]; # modify in-place
|
|---|
| 457 | }
|
|---|
| 458 | if (defined $_[1] and length $_[1]) {
|
|---|
| 459 | unless (exists $subst{$_[1]}) {
|
|---|
| 460 | # Because we can't compile regex we fake it with a cached sub
|
|---|
| 461 | my $code = "sub {\$_[0] =~ s/([$_[1]])/\$char2entity{\$1} || num_entity(\$1)/ge; }";
|
|---|
| 462 | $subst{$_[1]} = eval $code;
|
|---|
| 463 | die( $@ . " while trying to turn range: \"$_[1]\"\n "
|
|---|
| 464 | . "into code: $code\n "
|
|---|
| 465 | ) if $@;
|
|---|
| 466 | }
|
|---|
| 467 | &{$subst{$_[1]}}($$ref);
|
|---|
| 468 | } else {
|
|---|
| 469 | # Encode control chars, high bit chars and '<', '&', '>', ''' and '"'
|
|---|
| 470 | $$ref =~ s/([^\n\r\t !\#\$%\(-;=?-~])/$char2entity{$1} || num_entity($1)/ge;
|
|---|
| 471 | }
|
|---|
| 472 | $$ref;
|
|---|
| 473 | }
|
|---|
| 474 |
|
|---|
| 475 | sub encode_entities_numeric {
|
|---|
| 476 | local %char2entity;
|
|---|
| 477 | return &encode_entities; # a goto &encode_entities wouldn't work
|
|---|
| 478 | }
|
|---|
| 479 |
|
|---|
| 480 |
|
|---|
| 481 | sub num_entity {
|
|---|
| 482 | sprintf "&#x%X;", ord($_[0]);
|
|---|
| 483 | }
|
|---|
| 484 |
|
|---|
| 485 | # Set up aliases
|
|---|
| 486 | *encode = \&encode_entities;
|
|---|
| 487 | *encode_numeric = \&encode_entities_numeric;
|
|---|
| 488 | *encode_numerically = \&encode_entities_numeric;
|
|---|
| 489 | *decode = \&decode_entities;
|
|---|
| 490 |
|
|---|
| 491 | 1;
|
|---|
