source: main/trunk/greenstone2/perllib/plugins/BasePlugin.pm@ 23832

###########################################################################
#
# BasePlugin.pm -- base class for all the import plugins
# A component of the Greenstone digital library software
# from the New Zealand Digital Library Project at the 
# University of Waikato, New Zealand.
#
# Copyright (C) 1999-2005 New Zealand Digital Library Project
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
#
###########################################################################

package BasePlugin;

use strict; 
no strict 'subs';
no strict 'refs'; # allow filehandles to be variables and viceversa

use File::Basename;
use Encode;
use Unicode::Normalize 'normalize';

use encodings;
use unicode;
use doc;
use ghtml;
use gsprintf 'gsprintf';

use PrintInfo;

BEGIN {
    @BasePlugin::ISA = ( 'PrintInfo' );
}

# the different methods that can be applied when renaming
# imported documents and their associated files
our $file_rename_method_list = 
    [ { 'name' => "url",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.rename_method.url}" },
      { 'name' => "base64",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.rename_method.base64}" }, 
      { 'name' => "none",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.rename_method.none}", 
    'hiddengli' => "yes" } ];

our $encoding_list =
    [ { 'name' => "ascii",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.encoding.ascii}" },
      { 'name' => "utf8",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.encoding.utf8}" },
      { 'name' => "unicode",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.encoding.unicode}" } ];


my $e = $encodings::encodings;
foreach my $enc (sort {$e->{$a}->{'name'} cmp $e->{$b}->{'name'}} keys (%$e)) 
{
    my $hashEncode =
    {'name' => $enc,
     'desc' => $e->{$enc}->{'name'}};
    
    push(@{$encoding_list},$hashEncode);
}

our $encoding_plus_auto_list = 
    [ { 'name' => "auto",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.filename_encoding.auto}" },
      { 'name' => "auto-language-analysis",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.filename_encoding.auto_language_analysis}" }, # textcat
      { 'name' => "auto-filesystem-encoding",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.filename_encoding.auto_filesystem_encoding}" }, # locale
      { 'name' => "auto-fl",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.filename_encoding.auto_fl}" }, # locale followed by textcat
      { 'name' => "auto-lf",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.filename_encoding.auto_lf}" } ]; # texcat followed by locale 

push(@{$encoding_plus_auto_list},@{$encoding_list});

our $oidtype_list = 
    [ { 'name' => "auto",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.OIDtype.auto}" },
      { 'name' => "hash",
        'desc' => "{import.OIDtype.hash}" },
      { 'name' => "assigned",
        'desc' => "{import.OIDtype.assigned}" },
      { 'name' => "incremental",
        'desc' => "{import.OIDtype.incremental}" },
      { 'name' => "dirname",
        'desc' => "{import.OIDtype.dirname}" } ];

my $arguments =
    [ { 'name' => "process_exp",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.process_exp}",
    'type' => "regexp",
    'deft' => "",
    'reqd' => "no" },
      { 'name' => "no_blocking",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.no_blocking}",
    'type' => "flag",
    'reqd' => "no"},
      { 'name' => "block_exp",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.block_exp}",
    'type' => "regexp",
    'deft' => "",
    'reqd' => "no" },
      { 'name' => "store_original_file",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.store_original_file}",
    'type' => "flag",
    'reqd' => "no" },
      { 'name' => "associate_ext",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.associate_ext}",
    'type' => "string",
    'reqd' => "no" },
      { 'name' => "associate_tail_re",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.associate_tail_re}",
    'type' => "string",
    'reqd' => "no" },
      { 'name' => "OIDtype",
    'desc' => "{import.OIDtype}",
    'type' => "enum",
    'list' => $oidtype_list,
    # leave default empty so we can tell if its been set or not - if not set will use option from import.pl
    'deft' => "auto",
    'reqd' => "no" },
      { 'name' => "OIDmetadata",
    'desc' => "{import.OIDmetadata}",
    'type' => "metadata",
    'deft' => "dc.Identifier",
    'reqd' => "no" },      
#      { 'name' => "use_as_doc_identifier",
#   'desc' => "{BasePlugin.use_as_doc_identifier}",
#   'type' => "string",
#   'reqd' => "no" ,
#   'deft' => "" } ,
      { 'name' => "no_cover_image",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.no_cover_image}",
    'type' => "flag",
    'reqd' => "no" },
      { 'name' => "filename_encoding",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.filename_encoding}",
    'type' => "enum",
    'deft' => "auto",
    'list' => $encoding_plus_auto_list,
    'reqd' => "no" },
      { 'name' => "smart_block",
        'desc' => "{common.deprecated}. {BasePlugin.smart_block}",
        'type' => "flag",
        'reqd' => "no",
    'hiddengli' => "yes" }, # deprecated, but leave in for old collections
      { 'name' => "file_rename_method",
    'desc' => "{BasePlugin.file_rename_method}",
    'type' => "enum",
    'deft' => &get_default_file_rename_method(), # by default rename imported files and assoc files using this encoding
    'list' => $file_rename_method_list,
    'reqd' => "no"
    }
      
      ];


my $options = { 'name'     => "BasePlugin",
        'desc'     => "{BasePlugin.desc}",
        'abstract' => "yes",
        'inherits' => "no",
        'args'     => $arguments };

sub new {

    my ($class) = shift (@_);
    my ($pluginlist,$inputargs,$hashArgOptLists,$auxiliary) = @_;
    push(@$pluginlist, $class);

    push(@{$hashArgOptLists->{"ArgList"}},@{$arguments});
    push(@{$hashArgOptLists->{"OptList"}},$options);

    my $self = new PrintInfo($pluginlist, $inputargs, $hashArgOptLists,$auxiliary);
    
    if ($self->{'info_only'}) {
        # don't worry about any options etc
        return bless $self, $class;
    }

    if ($self->{'smart_block'}) {
    print STDERR "WARNING: -smart_block option has been deprecated and is no longer useful\n";
    }
    $self->{'smart_block'} = undef;

    my $plugin_name = (defined $pluginlist->[0]) ? $pluginlist->[0] : $class;
    $self->{'plugin_type'} = $plugin_name;

    # remove ex. from OIDmetadata
    $self->{'OIDmetadata'} =~ s/^ex\.// if defined $self->{'OIDmetadata'};
    $self->{'num_processed'} = 0;
    $self->{'num_not_processed'} = 0;
    $self->{'num_blocked'} = 0;
    $self->{'num_archives'} = 0;
    $self->{'cover_image'} = 1; # cover image is on by default
    $self->{'cover_image'} = 0 if ($self->{'no_cover_image'});
    $self->{'can_process_directories'} = 0;
    #$self->{'option_list'} = $hashArgOptLists->{"OptList"};
    
    my $associate_ext = $self->{'associate_ext'};
    if ((defined $associate_ext) && ($associate_ext ne "")) {

    my $associate_tail_re = $self->{'associate_tail_re'};
    if ((defined $associate_tail_re) && ($associate_tail_re ne "")) {
        my $outhandle = $self->{'outhandle'};
        print $outhandle "Warning: can only specify 'associate_ext' or 'associate_tail_re'\n";
        print $outhandle "         defaulting to 'associate_tail_re'\n";
    }
    else {
        my @exts = split(/,/,$associate_ext);

        my @exts_bracketed = map { $_ = "(?:\\.$_)" } @exts;
        my $associate_tail_re = join("|",@exts_bracketed);
        $self->{'associate_tail_re'} = $associate_tail_re;
    }

    delete $self->{'associate_ext'};
    }

    return bless $self, $class;

}

sub merge_inheritance
{
    my $self = {};
    my @child_selfs = @_;

    foreach my $child_self (@child_selfs) { 
    foreach my $key (keys %$child_self) {
        if (defined $self->{$key}) {
        if ($self->{$key} ne $child_self->{$key}) {
#           print STDERR "Warning: Conflicting value in multiple inheritance for '$key'\n";
#           print STDERR "Existing stored value = $self->{$key}\n";
#           print STDERR "New (child) value     = $child_self->{$key}\n";
#           print STDERR "Keeping existing value\n";
            # Existing value seems to be option specified in collect.cfg

            ### $self->{$key} = $child_self->{$key};
            
        }
        else {
##          print STDERR "****Info: Value $self->{$key} for $key already defined through multiple inheritance as the same value\n";
        }

        }
        else {
        $self->{$key} = $child_self->{$key};
        }
    }
    }

    return $self;   
}

# initialize BasePlugin options
# if init() is overridden in a sub-class, remember to call BasePlugin::init()
sub init {
    my $self = shift (@_);
    my ($verbosity, $outhandle, $failhandle) = @_;

    # verbosity is passed through from the processor
    $self->{'verbosity'} = $verbosity;

    # as are the outhandle and failhandle
    $self->{'outhandle'} = $outhandle if defined $outhandle;
    $self->{'failhandle'} = $failhandle;
#    $self->SUPER::init(@_);
    
    # set process_exp and block_exp to defaults unless they were
    # explicitly set

    if ((!$self->is_recursive()) and 
    (!defined $self->{'process_exp'}) || ($self->{'process_exp'} eq "")) {

    $self->{'process_exp'} = $self->get_default_process_exp ();
    if ($self->{'process_exp'} eq "") {
        warn ref($self) . " Warning: Non-recursive plugin has no process_exp\n";
    }
    }

    if ((!defined $self->{'block_exp'}) || ($self->{'block_exp'} eq "")) {
    $self->{'block_exp'} = $self->get_default_block_exp ();
    }

}

sub begin {
    my $self = shift (@_);
    my ($pluginfo, $base_dir, $processor, $maxdocs) = @_;

    if ($self->{'OIDtype'} eq "auto") {
    # hasn't been set in the plugin, use the processor values
    $self->{'OIDtype'} = $processor->{'OIDtype'};
    $self->{'OIDmetadata'} = $processor->{'OIDmetadata'};
    }
    if ($self->{'OIDtype'} eq "hash") {
    # should we hash on the file or on the doc xml??
    $self->{'OIDtype'} = $self->get_oid_hash_type();
    if ($self->{'OIDtype'} !~ /^(hash_on_file|hash_on_ga_xml)$/) {
        $self->{'OIDtype'} = "hash_on_file";
    }
    }
}

# This is called once if removeold is set with import.pl. Most plugins will do
# nothing but if a plugin does any stuff outside of creating doc obj, then 
# it may need to clear something.
sub remove_all {
    my $self = shift (@_);
    my ($pluginfo, $base_dir, $processor, $maxdocs) = @_;
}

# This is called per document for docs that have been deleted from the 
# collection. Most plugins will do nothing
# but if a plugin does any stuff outside of creating doc obj, then it may need
# to clear something.
sub remove_one {
    my $self = shift (@_);
    
    my ($file, $oids, $archivedir) = @_;
    return 0 if $self->can_process_this_file($file);
    return undef;
}

sub end {
    # potentially called at the end of each plugin pass 
    # import.pl only has one plugin pass, but buildcol.pl has multiple ones

    my ($self) = shift (@_);
}

sub deinit {
    # called only once, after all plugin passes have been done

    my ($self) = @_;
}

# default hashing type is to hash on the original file (or converted file)
# override this to return hash_on_ga_xml for filetypes where hashing on the 
# file is no good eg video
sub get_oid_hash_type {

    my $self = shift (@_);

    return "hash_on_file";
}


# this function should be overridden to return 1
# in recursive plugins
sub is_recursive {
    my $self = shift (@_);

    return 0; 
}

sub get_default_block_exp {
    my $self = shift (@_);

    return "";
}

sub get_default_process_exp {
    my $self = shift (@_);

    return "";
}


# rename imported files and assoc files using URL encoding by default
# as this will work for most plugins and give more legible filenames
sub get_default_file_rename_method() {
    my $self = shift (@_);
    return "url";
}

# returns this plugin's active (possibly user-selected) file_rename_method
sub get_file_rename_method() {
    my $self = shift (@_);
    my $rename_method = $self->{'file_rename_method'};
    if($rename_method) {
    return $rename_method;
    } else {    
    return $self->get_default_file_rename_method();
    }
}

# default implementation is to do nothing
sub store_block_files {
    
    my $self =shift (@_);
    my ($filename_full_path, $block_hash) = @_;

}

# put files to block into hash 
sub use_block_expressions {

    my $self =shift (@_);
    my ($filename_full_path, $block_hash) = @_;

    $filename_full_path = &util::upgrade_if_dos_filename($filename_full_path);

    if ($self->{'block_exp'} ne "" && $filename_full_path =~ /$self->{'block_exp'}/) {
    &util::block_filename($block_hash,$filename_full_path);
    }

}

#default implementation is to block a file with same name as this, but extension jpg or JPG, if cover_images is on.
sub block_cover_image
{
    my $self =shift;
    my ($filename, $block_hash) = @_;

    $filename = &util::upgrade_if_dos_filename($filename);

    if ($self->{'cover_image'}) {
    my $coverfile = $filename;
    $coverfile =~ s/\.[^\\\/\.]+$/\.jpg/;

    if (!&util::fd_exists($coverfile)) {
        $coverfile =~ s/jpg$/JPG/;
    }   
    if (&util::fd_exists($coverfile)) {
        &util::block_filename($block_hash,$coverfile);
    } 
    }

    return;
}


# discover all the files that should be blocked by this plugin
# check the args ...
sub file_block_read {

    my $self = shift (@_);  
    my ($pluginfo, $base_dir, $file, $block_hash, $metadata, $gli) = @_;
    # Keep track of filenames with same root but different extensions
    # Used to support -associate_ext and the more generalised
    # -associate_tail_re
    my ($filename_full_path, $filename_no_path) = &util::get_full_filenames($base_dir, $file);

    if (!-d $filename_full_path) {
    $block_hash->{'all_files'}->{$file} = 1;
    }

    my $associate_tail_re = $self->{'associate_tail_re'};
    if ((defined $associate_tail_re) && ($associate_tail_re ne "")) {
    my ($file_prefix,$file_ext) 
        = &util::get_prefix_and_tail_by_regex($filename_full_path,$associate_tail_re);
    if ((defined $file_prefix) && (defined $file_ext)) {
        my $shared_fileroot = $block_hash->{'shared_fileroot'};
        if (!defined $shared_fileroot->{$file_prefix}) {
        my $file_prefix_rec = { 'tie_to'  => undef, 
                        'exts'    => {} };
        $shared_fileroot->{$file_prefix} = $file_prefix_rec;
        }
        
        my $file_prefix_rec = $shared_fileroot->{$file_prefix};

        if ($self->can_process_this_file($filename_full_path)) {
        # This is the document the others should be tied to
        $file_prefix_rec->{'tie_to'} = $file_ext;
        }
        else {
        if ($file_ext =~ m/$associate_tail_re$/) {
            # this file should be associated to the main one
            $file_prefix_rec->{'exts'}->{$file_ext} = 1;
        }
        }

    }
    }

    # check block expressions
    $self->use_block_expressions($filename_full_path, $block_hash) unless $self->{'no_blocking'};

    # now check whether we are actually processing this
    if (!-f $filename_full_path || !$self->can_process_this_file($filename_full_path)) {
    return undef; # can't recognise
    }
    
    # if we have a block_exp, then this overrides the normal 'smart' blocking
    $self->store_block_files($filename_full_path, $block_hash) unless ($self->{'no_blocking'} || $self->{'block_exp'} ne "");

    # block the cover image if there is one
    if ($self->{'cover_image'}) {
    $self->block_cover_image($filename_full_path, $block_hash); 
    }
    
    return 1;
}

# plugins that rely on more than process_exp (eg XML plugins) can override this method
sub can_process_this_file {
    my $self = shift(@_);
    my ($filename) = @_;

    if (-d $filename && !$self->{'can_process_directories'}) {
    return 0;
    }

    if ($self->{'process_exp'} ne "" && $filename =~ /$self->{'process_exp'}/) {
    return 1;
    }
    return 0;
    
}

# just converts path as is to utf8.
sub filepath_to_utf8 {
    my $self = shift (@_);  
    my ($file, $file_encoding) = @_;
    my $filemeta = $file;

    my $filename_encoding = $self->{'filename_encoding'}; # filename encoding setting

    # Whenever filename-encoding is set to any of the auto settings, we
    # check if the filename is already in UTF8. If it is, then we're done.
    if($filename_encoding =~ m/auto/) {
    if(&unicode::check_is_utf8($filemeta)) 
    {
        $filename_encoding = "utf8";
        return $filemeta;
    } 
    }
    
    # Auto setting, but filename is not utf8
    if ($filename_encoding eq "auto") 
    {
    # try textcat
    $filename_encoding = $self->textcat_encoding($filemeta);
    
    # check the locale next
    $filename_encoding = $self->locale_encoding() if $filename_encoding eq "undefined";
    
    
    # now try the encoding of the document, if available
    if ($filename_encoding eq "undefined" && defined $file_encoding) {
        $filename_encoding = $file_encoding;
    }

    }

    elsif ($filename_encoding eq "auto-language-analysis") 
    {   
    $filename_encoding = $self->textcat_encoding($filemeta);

    # now try the encoding of the document, if available
    if ($filename_encoding eq "undefined" && defined $file_encoding) {
        $filename_encoding = $file_encoding;
    } 
    }

    elsif ($filename_encoding eq "auto-filesystem-encoding") 
    {   
    # try locale
    $filename_encoding = $self->locale_encoding();
    }

    elsif ($filename_encoding eq "auto-fl") 
    {
    # filesystem-encoding (locale) then language-analysis (textcat)
    $filename_encoding = $self->locale_encoding();
    
    # try textcat
    $filename_encoding = $self->textcat_encoding($filemeta) if $filename_encoding eq "undefined";
    
    # else assume filename encoding is encoding of file content, if that's available
    if ($filename_encoding eq "undefined" && defined $file_encoding) {
        $filename_encoding = $file_encoding;
    }
    }
    
    elsif ($filename_encoding eq "auto-lf") 
    {
    # language-analysis (textcat) then filesystem-encoding (locale)
    $filename_encoding = $self->textcat_encoding($filemeta);
    
    # guess filename encoding from encoding of file content, if available
    if ($filename_encoding eq "undefined" && defined $file_encoding) {
        $filename_encoding = $file_encoding;
    }

    # try locale
    $filename_encoding = $self->locale_encoding() if $filename_encoding eq "undefined";
    }
    
    # if still undefined, use utf8 as fallback
    if ($filename_encoding eq "undefined") {
    $filename_encoding = "utf8";
    }

    #print STDERR "**** UTF8 encoding the filename $filemeta ";
    
    # if the filename encoding is set to utf8 but it isn't utf8 already--such as when
    # 1. the utf8 fallback is used, or 2. if the system locale is used and happens to
    # be always utf8 (in which case the filename's encoding is also set as utf8 even 
    # though the filename need not be if it originates from another system)--in such
    # cases attempt to make the filename utf8 to match.
    if($filename_encoding eq "utf8" && !&unicode::check_is_utf8($filemeta)) {
    &unicode::ensure_utf8(\$filemeta);
    }

    # convert non-unicode encodings to utf8
    if ($filename_encoding !~ m/(?:ascii|utf8|unicode)/) {
    $filemeta = &unicode::unicode2utf8(
                       &unicode::convert2unicode($filename_encoding, \$filemeta)
                       );
    }

    #print STDERR " from encoding $filename_encoding -> $filemeta\n";
    return $filemeta;
}

# gets the filename with no path, converts to utf8, and then dm safes it.
# filename_encoding set by user
sub filename_to_utf8_metadata
{
    my $self = shift (@_);  
    my ($file, $file_encoding) = @_;

    my $outhandle = $self->{'outhandle'};

    print $outhandle "****!!!!**** BasePlugin::filename_to_utf8_metadata now deprecated\n";
    my ($cpackage,$cfilename,$cline,$csubr,$chas_args,$cwantarray) = caller(0);
    print $outhandle "Calling method: $cfilename:$cline $cpackage->$csubr\n";


    my ($filemeta) = $file =~ /([^\\\/]+)$/; # getting the tail of the filepath (skips all string parts containing slashes upto the end)
    $filemeta = $self->filepath_to_utf8($filemeta, $file_encoding);

    return $filemeta;
}

sub locale_encoding {
    my $self = shift(@_);
    
    if (!defined $self->{'filesystem_encoding'}) {
    $self->{'filesystem_encoding'} = $self->get_filesystem_encoding();
    }

    #print STDERR "*** filename encoding determined based on locale: " . $self->{'filesystem_encoding'} . "\n";
    return $self->{'filesystem_encoding'}; # can be the string "undefined"
}

sub textcat_encoding {
    my $self = shift(@_);
    my ($filemeta) = @_;

    # analyse filenames without extensions and digits (and trimmed of
    # surrounding whitespace), so that irrelevant chars don't confuse
    # textcat
    my $strictfilemeta = $filemeta;
    $strictfilemeta =~ s/\.[^\.]+$//g;
    $strictfilemeta =~ s/\d//g;
    $strictfilemeta =~ s/^\s*//g;
    $strictfilemeta =~ s/\s*$//g;
    
    my $filename_encoding = $self->encoding_from_language_analysis($strictfilemeta);
    if(!defined $filename_encoding) {
    $filename_encoding = "undefined";
    }

    return $filename_encoding; # can be the string "undefined"
}

# performs textcat
sub encoding_from_language_analysis {
    my $self = shift(@_);
    my ($text) = @_;

    my $outhandle = $self->{'outhandle'};
    my $best_encoding = undef;
    
    # get the language/encoding of the textstring using textcat
    require textcat;  # Only load the textcat module if it is required
    $self->{'textcat'} = new textcat() unless defined($self->{'textcat'});
    my $results = $self->{'textcat'}->classify_cached_filename(\$text);


    if (scalar @$results < 0) { 
    return undef;
    }
    
    # We have some results, we choose the first
    my ($language, $encoding) = $results->[0] =~ /^([^-]*)(?:-(.*))?$/;
    
    $best_encoding = $encoding;
    if (!defined $best_encoding) {
    return undef;
    } 
    
    if (defined $best_encoding && $best_encoding =~ m/^iso_8859/ && &unicode::check_is_utf8($text)) {
    # the text is valid utf8, so assume that's the real encoding (since textcat is based on probabilities)
    $best_encoding = 'utf8';
    }
    
    
    # check for equivalents where textcat doesn't have some encodings...
    # eg MS versions of standard encodings
    if (defined $best_encoding && $best_encoding =~ /^iso_8859_(\d+)/) {
    my $iso = $1; # which variant of the iso standard?
    # iso-8859 sets don't use chars 0x80-0x9f, windows codepages do
    if ($text =~ /[\x80-\x9f]/) {
        # Western Europe
        if ($iso == 1 or $iso == 15) { $best_encoding = 'windows_1252' }
        elsif ($iso == 2) {$best_encoding = 'windows_1250'} # Central Europe
        elsif ($iso == 5) {$best_encoding = 'windows_1251'} # Cyrillic
        elsif ($iso == 6) {$best_encoding = 'windows_1256'} # Arabic
        elsif ($iso == 7) {$best_encoding = 'windows_1253'} # Greek
        elsif ($iso == 8) {$best_encoding = 'windows_1255'} # Hebrew
        elsif ($iso == 9) {$best_encoding = 'windows_1254'} # Turkish
    }
    }
    
    if (defined $best_encoding && $best_encoding !~ /^(ascii|utf8|unicode)$/ &&
    !defined $encodings::encodings->{$best_encoding}) 
    {
    if ($self->{'verbosity'}) { 
        gsprintf($outhandle, "BasePlugin: {ReadTextFile.unsupported_encoding}\n", $text, $best_encoding, "undef");
    }
    $best_encoding = undef;
    }
    
    return $best_encoding;
}

# uses locale
sub get_filesystem_encoding 
{

    my $self = shift(@_);

    my $outhandle = $self->{'outhandle'};
    my $filesystem_encoding = undef;

    eval {
    # Works for Windows as well, returning the DOS code page in use 
    use POSIX qw(locale_h);
    
    # With only one parameter, setlocale retrieves the 
    # current value
    my $current_locale = setlocale(LC_CTYPE);
    
    my $char_encoding = undef;
    if ($current_locale =~ m/\./) {
        ($char_encoding) = ($current_locale =~ m/^.*\.(.*?)$/);
        $char_encoding = lc($char_encoding);
    }
    else {
        if ($current_locale =~ m/^(posix|c)$/i) {
        $char_encoding = "ascii";
        }
    }

    if (defined $char_encoding) {
        if ($char_encoding =~ m/^(iso)(8859)(\d{1,2})$/) {
        $char_encoding = "$1\_$2\_$3";
        }

        $char_encoding =~ s/-/_/g;
        $char_encoding =~ s/^utf_8$/utf8/;
        
        if ($char_encoding =~ m/^\d+$/) {
        if (defined $encodings::encodings->{"windows_$char_encoding"}) {
            $char_encoding = "windows_$char_encoding";
        }
        elsif (defined $encodings::encodings->{"dos_$char_encoding"}) {
            $char_encoding = "dos_$char_encoding";
        }
        }
        
        if (($char_encoding =~ m/(?:ascii|utf8|unicode)/) 
        || (defined $encodings::encodings->{$char_encoding})) {
        $filesystem_encoding = $char_encoding;
        }
        else {
        print $outhandle "Warning: Unsupported character encoding '$char_encoding' from locale '$current_locale'\n";
        }
    }
    

    };
    if ($@) {
    print $outhandle "$@\n";
    print $outhandle "Warning: Unable to establish locale.  Will assume filesystem is UTF-8\n";
    
    }

    return $filesystem_encoding;
}



sub deduce_filename_encoding
{
    my $self = shift (@_);  
    my ($file,$metadata,$plugin_filename_encoding) = @_;

    my $gs_filename_encoding = $metadata->{"gs.filenameEncoding"};
    my $deduced_filename_encoding = undef;
    
    # Start by looking for manually assigned metadata
    if (defined $gs_filename_encoding) {
    if (ref ($gs_filename_encoding) eq "ARRAY") {
        my $outhandle = $self->{'outhandle'};
        
        $deduced_filename_encoding = $gs_filename_encoding->[0];
        
        my $num_vals = scalar(@$gs_filename_encoding);
        if ($num_vals>1) {
        print $outhandle "Warning: gs.filenameEncoding multiply defined for $file\n";
        print $outhandle "         Selecting first value: $deduced_filename_encoding\n";
        }
    } 
    else {
        $deduced_filename_encoding = $gs_filename_encoding;
    }
    }
    
    if (!defined $deduced_filename_encoding || ($deduced_filename_encoding =~ m/^\s*$/)) {
    # Look to see if plugin specifies this value

    if (defined $plugin_filename_encoding) {
        # First look to see if we're using any of the "older" (i.e. deprecated auto-... plugin options)
        if ($plugin_filename_encoding =~ m/^auto-.*$/) {
        my $outhandle = $self->{'outhandle'};
        print $outhandle "Warning: $plugin_filename_encoding is no longer supported\n";
        print $outhandle "         default to 'auto'\n";
        $self->{'filename_encoding'} = $plugin_filename_encoding = "auto";
        }
        
        if ($plugin_filename_encoding ne "auto") {
        # We've been given a specific filenamne encoding
        # => so use it!
        $deduced_filename_encoding = $plugin_filename_encoding;
        }
    }
    }
    
    if (!defined $deduced_filename_encoding || ($deduced_filename_encoding =~ m/^\s*$/)) {

    # Look to file system to provide a character encoding

    # If Windows NTFS, then -- assuming we work with long file names got through
    # Win32::GetLongFilePath() -- then the underlying file system is UTF16

    if ($ENV{'GSDLOS'} =~ m/^windows$/i) {
        # Can do better than working with the DOS character encoding returned by locale     
        $deduced_filename_encoding = "unicode";
    }
    else {
        # Unix of some form or other

        # See if we can determine the file system encoding through locale
        $deduced_filename_encoding = $self->locale_encoding();
        
        # if locale shows us filesystem is utf8, check to see filename is consistent
        # => if not, then we have an "alien" filename on our hands

        if (defined $deduced_filename_encoding && $deduced_filename_encoding =~ m/^utf-?8$/i) {
        if (!&unicode::check_is_utf8($file)) {
            # "alien" filename, so revert
            $deduced_filename_encoding = undef;
        }
        }
    }
    }
    
#    if (!defined $deduced_filename_encoding || ($deduced_filename_encoding =~ m/^\s*$/)) {
#       # Last chance, apply textcat to deduce filename encoding
#       $deduced_filename_encoding = $self->textcat_encoding($file);
#    }

    if ($self->{'verbosity'}>3) {
    my $outhandle = $self->{'outhandle'};

    if (defined $deduced_filename_encoding) {
        print $outhandle "  Deduced filename encoding as: $deduced_filename_encoding\n";
    }
    else {
        print $outhandle "  No filename encoding deduced\n";
    }
    }
    
    return $deduced_filename_encoding;
}




# Notionally written to be called once for each document, it is however safe to
# call multiple times (as in the case of ImagePlugin) which calls this later on
# after the original image has potentially been converted to a *new* source image
# format (e.g. TIFF to PNG)

sub set_Source_metadata {
    my $self = shift (@_);  
    my ($doc_obj, $raw_filename, $filename_encoding, $section) = @_;
    
    # 1. Sets the filename (Source) for display encoded as Unicode if possible,
    #    and (as a fallback) using %xx if not for non-ascii chars
    # 2. Sets the url ref (SourceFile) to the URL encoded version
    #    of filename for generated files
    
    my ($unused_full_rf, $raw_file) = &util::get_full_filenames("", $raw_filename);

    my $this_section = (defined $section)? $section : $doc_obj->get_top_section();

    my $octet_file = $raw_file;

    # UTF-8 version of filename
#    if ((defined $ENV{"DEBUG_UNICODE"}) && ($ENV{"DEBUG_UNICODE"})) {
#   print STDERR "**** Setting Source Metadata given: $octet_file\n";
#    }
    
    # Deal with (on Windows) raw filenames that are in their
    # abbreviated DOS form

    if ($ENV{'GSDLOS'} =~ m/^windows$/i) {
    if ((defined $filename_encoding) && ($filename_encoding eq "unicode")) {
        if (-e $raw_filename) {
        my $unicode_filename = Win32::GetLongPathName($raw_filename);
        
        my $unused_full_uf;
        ($unused_full_uf, $octet_file) = &util::get_full_filenames("", $unicode_filename);
        }
    }
    }

    my $url_encoded_filename;
    if ((defined $filename_encoding) && ($filename_encoding ne "ascii")) {
    # => Generate a pretty print version of filename that is mapped to Unicode
    
    # Use filename_encoding to map raw filename to a Perl unicode-aware string 
    $url_encoded_filename = decode($filename_encoding,$octet_file);     
    }
    else {
    # otherwise generate %xx encoded version of filename for char > 127
    $url_encoded_filename = &unicode::raw_filename_to_url_encoded($octet_file);
    }
    
#    if ((defined $ENV{"DEBUG_UNICODE"}) && ($ENV{"DEBUG_UNICODE"})) {
#   print STDERR "****** saving Source as:             $url_encoded_filename\n";
#    }

    # In the case of converted files and (generalized) exploded documents, there
    # will already be a source filename => store as OrigSource before overriding
    my $orig_source = $doc_obj->get_metadata_element ($this_section, "Source");
    if ((defined $orig_source) && ($orig_source !~ m/^\s*$/)) {
    $doc_obj->set_utf8_metadata_element($this_section, "OrigSource", $orig_source); 
    }
        
    # Source is the UTF8 display name - not necessarily the name of the file on the system
    if ($ENV{'GSDLOS'} =~ m/^darwin$/i) {
    # on Darwin want all display strings to be in composed form, then can search on that
    $url_encoded_filename = normalize('C', $url_encoded_filename); # Normalisation Form 'C' (composition)
    }
    $doc_obj->set_utf8_metadata_element($this_section, "Source", $url_encoded_filename); 

    
    my $renamed_raw_file = &util::rename_file($raw_file, $self->{'file_rename_method'});
    # If using URL encoding, then SourceFile is the url-reference to url-encoded
    # renamed_raw_url: it's a url that refers to the actual file on the system
    my $renamed_raw_url = &unicode::filename_to_url($renamed_raw_file);

    $doc_obj->set_utf8_metadata_element($this_section, "SourceFile",
                    $renamed_raw_url);

#    if ((defined $ENV{"DEBUG_UNICODE"}) && ($ENV{"DEBUG_UNICODE"})) {
#   print STDERR "****** saving SourceFile as:         $renamed_raw_url\n";
#    }
}

# this should be called by all plugins to set the oid of the doc obj, rather
# than calling doc_obj->set_OID directly
sub add_OID {
    my $self = shift (@_);  
    my ($doc_obj) = @_;

    $doc_obj->set_OIDtype($self->{'OIDtype'}, $self->{'OIDmetadata'});

    # see if there is a plugin specific set_OID function
    if (defined ($self->can('set_OID'))) {
    $self->set_OID(@_); # pass through doc_obj and any extra arguments
    }
    else {
    # use the default set_OID() in doc.pm
    $doc_obj->set_OID();
    }

}

# The BasePlugin read_into_doc_obj() function. This function does all the
# right things to make general options work for a given plugin.  It doesn't do anything with the file other than setting reads in
# a file and sets up a slew of metadata all saved in doc_obj, which
# it then returns as part of a tuple (process_status,doc_obj)
#
# Much of this functionality used to reside in read, but it was broken
# down into a supporting routine to make the code more flexible.  
#
# recursive plugins (e.g. RecPlug) and specialized plugins like those
# capable of processing many documents within a single file (e.g.
# GMLPlug) will normally want to implement their own version of
# read_into_doc_obj()
#
# Note that $base_dir might be "" and that $file might 
# include directories

# currently blocking has been done before it gets here - does this affect secondary plugin stuff??
sub read_into_doc_obj {
    my $self = shift (@_);  
    my ($pluginfo, $base_dir, $file, $block_hash, $metadata, $processor, $maxdocs, $total_count, $gli) = @_;

    my $outhandle = $self->{'outhandle'};

    # should we move this to read? What about secondary plugins?
    my $pp_file = &util::prettyprint_file($base_dir,$file,$gli);
    print STDERR "<Processing n='$file' p='$self->{'plugin_type'}'>\n" if ($gli);
    print $outhandle "$self->{'plugin_type'} processing $pp_file\n"
    if $self->{'verbosity'} > 1;

    my ($filename_full_path, $filename_no_path) = &util::get_full_filenames($base_dir, $file);
    
    # create a new document
    my $doc_obj = new doc ($filename_full_path, "indexed_doc", $self->{'file_rename_method'});
    my $top_section = $doc_obj->get_top_section();

    $doc_obj->add_utf8_metadata($top_section, "Plugin", "$self->{'plugin_type'}");
    $doc_obj->add_utf8_metadata($top_section, "FileSize", (-s $filename_full_path));
    

    my $plugin_filename_encoding = $self->{'filename_encoding'};
    my $filename_encoding = $self->deduce_filename_encoding($file,$metadata,$plugin_filename_encoding);
    $self->set_Source_metadata($doc_obj,$filename_full_path,$filename_encoding,$top_section);

    # plugin specific stuff - what args do we need here??
    unless (defined ($self->process($pluginfo, $base_dir, $file, $metadata, $doc_obj, $gli))) {
    print STDERR "<ProcessingError n='$file'>\n" if ($gli);
    return -1;
    }
    
    # include any metadata passed in from previous plugins 
    # note that this metadata is associated with the top level section
    my $section = $doc_obj->get_top_section();
    # can we merge these two methods??
    $self->add_associated_files($doc_obj, $filename_full_path);
    $self->extra_metadata ($doc_obj, $section, $metadata);
    $self->auto_extract_metadata($doc_obj);

    # if we haven't found any Title so far, assign one
    # this was shifted to here from inside read()
    $self->title_fallback($doc_obj,$section,$filename_no_path);
    
    $self->add_OID($doc_obj);
    
    $self->post_process_doc_obj($pluginfo, $base_dir, $file, $metadata, $doc_obj, $gli);
    return (1,$doc_obj);
}

sub post_process_doc_obj {
    my $self = shift (@_);  
    my ($pluginfo, $base_dir, $file, $metadata, $doc_obj, $gli) = @_;

    return 1;
}

sub add_dummy_text {
    my $self = shift(@_);
    my ($doc_obj, $section) = @_;

    # add NoText metadata so we can hide this dummy text in format statements
    $doc_obj->add_metadata($section, "NoText", "1");
    $doc_obj->add_text($section, &gsprintf::lookup_string("{BasePlugin.dummy_text}",1));
    
}

# does nothing. Can be overridden by subclass
sub auto_extract_metadata {
    my $self = shift(@_);
    my ($doc_obj) = @_;
}

# adds cover image, associate_file options stuff. Should be called by sub class
# read_into_doc_obj
sub add_associated_files {
    my $self = shift(@_);
    # whatis filename??
    my ($doc_obj, $filename) = @_;
    
    # add in the cover image
    if ($self->{'cover_image'}) {
    $self->associate_cover_image($doc_obj, $filename);
    }
    # store the original (used for eg TextPlugin to store the original for OAI)
    if ($self->{'store_original_file'}) {
    $self->associate_source_file($doc_obj, $filename);
    }
    

}

# implement this if you are extracting metadata for other documents
sub metadata_read {
    my $self = shift (@_);
    my ($pluginfo, $base_dir, $file, $block_hash, 
    $extrametakeys, $extrametadata, $extrametafile,
    $processor, $gli, $aux) = @_;
    
    # can we process this file??
    my ($filename_full_path, $filename_no_path) = &util::get_full_filenames($base_dir, $file);
    return undef unless $self->can_process_this_file($filename_full_path);

    return 1; # we recognise the file, but don't actually do anything with it
}


# The BasePlugin read() function. This function calls read_into_doc_obj()
# to ensure all the right things to make general options work for a
# given plugin are done. It then calls the process() function which
# does all the work specific to a plugin (like the old read functions
# used to do). Most plugins should define their own process() function
# and let this read() function keep control.  
#
# recursive plugins (e.g. RecPlug) and specialized plugins like those
# capable of processing many documents within a single file (e.g.
# GMLPlug) might want to implement their own version of read(), but
# more likely need to implement their own version of read_into_doc_obj()
#
# Return number of files processed, undef if can't recognise, -1 if can't
# process

sub read {
    my $self = shift (@_);  
    my ($pluginfo, $base_dir, $file, $block_hash, $metadata, $processor, $maxdocs, $total_count, $gli) = @_;

    # can we process this file??
    my ($filename_full_path, $filename_no_path) = &util::get_full_filenames($base_dir, $file);

    return undef unless $self->can_process_this_file($filename_full_path);
    
    my ($process_status,$doc_obj) = $self->read_into_doc_obj(@_);
    
    if ((defined $process_status) && ($process_status == 1)) {
    
    # process the document
    $processor->process($doc_obj);

    $self->{'num_processed'} ++;
    undef $doc_obj; 
    }
    # delete any temp files that we may have created
    $self->clean_up_after_doc_obj_processing();


    # if process_status == 1, then the file has been processed.
    return $process_status;

}

# returns undef if file is rejected by the plugin
sub process {
    my $self = shift (@_);
    my ($textref, $pluginfo, $base_dir, $file, $metadata, $doc_obj, $gli) = @_;

    gsprintf(STDERR, "BasePlugin::process {common.must_be_implemented}\n");

    my ($cpackage,$cfilename,$cline,$csubr,$chas_args,$cwantarray) = caller(1);
    print STDERR "Calling method: $cfilename:$cline $cpackage->$csubr\n";

    die "\n";

    return undef; # never gets here
}

# overwrite this method to delete any temp files that we have created
sub clean_up_after_doc_obj_processing {
    my $self = shift(@_);

}

# write_file -- used by ConvertToPlug, for example in post processing
#
# where should this go, is here the best place??
sub utf8_write_file {
    my $self = shift (@_);
    my ($textref, $filename) = @_;
    
    if (!open (FILE, ">:utf8", $filename)) {
    gsprintf(STDERR, "ConvertToPlug::write_file {ConvertToPlug.could_not_open_for_writing} ($!)\n", $filename);
    die "\n";
    }
    print FILE $$textref;
    
    close FILE;
}


sub filename_based_title
{
    my $self = shift (@_);
    my ($file) = @_;

    my $file_derived_title = $file;
    $file_derived_title =~ s/_/ /g;
    $file_derived_title =~ s/\.[^.]+$//;

    return $file_derived_title;
}


sub title_fallback
{
    my $self = shift (@_);
    my ($doc_obj,$section,$file) = @_;

    if (!defined $doc_obj->get_metadata_element ($section, "Title") 
    || $doc_obj->get_metadata_element($section, "Title") eq "") {

    my $source_file = $doc_obj->get_metadata_element($section, "Source");
    my $file_derived_title;
    if (defined $source_file) {
        $file_derived_title =  $self->filename_based_title($source_file);
    }
    else {
        # pp = pretty print
        my $pp_file = (defined $source_file) ? $source_file : $file;

        my $raw_title = $self->filename_based_title($file);
        my $file_derived_title = &unicode::raw_filename_to_url_encoded($raw_title);
    }


    if (!defined $doc_obj->get_metadata_element ($section, "Title")) {
        $doc_obj->add_utf8_metadata ($section, "Title", $file_derived_title);
    }
    else {
        $doc_obj->set_utf8_metadata_element ($section, "Title", $file_derived_title);
    } 
    }
    
}

# add any extra metadata that's been passed around from one
# plugin to another.
# extra_metadata uses add_utf8_metadata so it expects metadata values
# to already be in utf8
sub extra_metadata {
    my $self = shift (@_);
    my ($doc_obj, $cursection, $metadata) = @_;

    my $associate_tail_re = $self->{'associate_tail_re'};

    foreach my $field (keys(%$metadata)) {
    # $metadata->{$field} may be an array reference
    if ($field eq "gsdlassocfile_tobe") {
        # 'gsdlassocfile_tobe' is artificially introduced metadata
        # that is used to signal that certain additional files should
        # be tied to this document.  Useful in situations where a
        # metadata pass in the plugin pipeline works out some files
        # need to be associated with a document, but the document hasn't
        # been formed yet.
        my $equiv_form = "";
        foreach my $gaf (@{$metadata->{$field}}) {
        my ($full_filename,$mimetype) = ($gaf =~ m/^(.*):(.*):$/);
        my ($tail_filename) = ($full_filename =~ /^.*[\/\\](.+?)$/);
        
        # we need to make sure the filename is valid utf-8 - we do 
        # this by url or base64 encoding it
        # $tail_filename is the name that we store the file as
        $tail_filename = &util::rename_file($tail_filename, $self->{'file_rename_method'});
        $doc_obj->associate_file($full_filename,$tail_filename,$mimetype);
        $doc_obj->associate_source_file($full_filename);
        # If the filename is url_encoded, we need to encode the % signs 
        # in the filename, so that it works in a url
        my $url_tail_filename = &unicode::filename_to_url($tail_filename);
        # work out extended tail extension (i.e. matching tail re)

        my ($file_prefix,$file_extended_ext) 
            = &util::get_prefix_and_tail_by_regex($tail_filename,$associate_tail_re);
        my ($pre_doc_ext) = ($file_extended_ext =~ m/^(.*)\..*$/);
        my ($doc_ext) = ($tail_filename =~ m/^.*\.(.*)$/);
        my $start_doclink = "<a href=\"_httpprefix_/collect/[collection]/index/assoc/{Or}{[parent(Top):assocfilepath],[assocfilepath]}/$url_tail_filename\">";
        my $srcicon = "_icon".$doc_ext."_";
        my $end_doclink = "</a>";

        my $assoc_form = "$start_doclink\{If\}{$srcicon,$srcicon,$doc_ext\}$end_doclink";

        if (defined $pre_doc_ext && $pre_doc_ext ne "") {
            # for metadata such as [mp3._edited] [mp3._full] ...
            $doc_obj->add_utf8_metadata ($cursection, "$doc_ext.$pre_doc_ext", $assoc_form); 
        }

        # for multiple metadata such as [mp3.assoclink]
        $doc_obj->add_utf8_metadata ($cursection, "$doc_ext.assoclink", $assoc_form); 
        
        $equiv_form .= " $assoc_form";  
        }
        $doc_obj->add_utf8_metadata ($cursection, "equivlink", $equiv_form); 
    }
    elsif ($field eq "gsdlzipfilename") {
        # special case for when files have come out of a zip. source_path 
        # (used for archives dbs and keeping track for incremental import)
        # must be set to the zip file name
        my $zip_filename = $metadata->{$field};
        # overwrite the source_path
        $doc_obj->set_source_path($zip_filename);
        # and set the metadata
        $zip_filename = &util::filename_within_collection($zip_filename);
        $zip_filename = $doc_obj->encode_filename($zip_filename, $self->{'file_rename_method'});
        $doc_obj->add_utf8_metadata ($cursection, $field, $zip_filename);
    }
    elsif (ref ($metadata->{$field}) eq "ARRAY") {
        map { 
        $doc_obj->add_utf8_metadata ($cursection, $field, $_); 
        } @{$metadata->{$field}};
    } else {
        $doc_obj->add_utf8_metadata ($cursection, $field, $metadata->{$field}); 
    }
    }
}


sub compile_stats {
    my $self = shift(@_);
    my ($stats) = @_;

    $stats->{'num_processed'} += $self->{'num_processed'};
    $stats->{'num_not_processed'} += $self->{'num_not_processed'};
    $stats->{'num_archives'} += $self->{'num_archives'};

}
sub associate_source_file {
    my $self = shift(@_);
    
    my ($doc_obj, $filename) = @_;
    my $cursection = $doc_obj->get_top_section();
    my $assocfilename = $doc_obj->get_assocfile_from_sourcefile();
    
    $doc_obj->associate_file($filename, $assocfilename, undef, $cursection);
    $doc_obj->add_utf8_metadata ($cursection, "srclink_file", $doc_obj->get_sourcefile());
}

sub associate_cover_image {
    my $self = shift(@_);
    my ($doc_obj, $filename) = @_;

    my $upgraded_filename = &util::upgrade_if_dos_filename($filename);

    $filename =~ s/\.[^\\\/\.]+$/\.jpg/;
    $upgraded_filename =~ s/\.[^\\\/\.]+$/\.jpg/;

    if (exists $self->{'covers_missing_cache'}->{$upgraded_filename}) {
    # don't stat() for existence e.g. for multiple document input files
    # (eg SplitPlug)
    return;
    }

    my $top_section=$doc_obj->get_top_section();

    if (&util::fd_exists($upgraded_filename)) {
    $doc_obj->associate_source_file($filename);
        $doc_obj->associate_file($filename, "cover.jpg", "image/jpeg");
    $doc_obj->add_utf8_metadata($top_section, "hascover",  1);
    } else {
    my $upper_filename = $filename;
    my $upgraded_upper_filename = $upgraded_filename;

    $upper_filename =~ s/jpg$/JPG/;
    $upgraded_upper_filename =~ s/jpg$/JPG/;

    if (&util::fd_exists($upgraded_upper_filename)) {
        $doc_obj->associate_source_file($upper_filename);
        $doc_obj->associate_file($upper_filename, "cover.jpg",
                     "image/jpeg");
        $doc_obj->add_utf8_metadata($top_section, "hascover",  1);
    } else {
        # file doesn't exist, so record the fact that it's missing so
        # we don't stat() again (stat is slow)
        $self->{'covers_missing_cache'}->{$upgraded_filename} = 1;
    }
    }

}


# Overridden by exploding plugins (eg. ISISPlug)
sub clean_up_after_exploding
{
    my $self = shift(@_);
}



1;