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| 204 | <Content><pre>
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| 205 | UNIVERSITY OF WAIKATO LIBRARY 3A9/10 TE MATAI BLOCK ON INVESTIGATION (1951-1971) JANUARY 2001 MICROFILM COMPUTER SCANNING BY: A DOCUMENT MANAGEMENT COMPANY iPolkoh?oricloo Rod, LME4:W,ilelZgrhEtai, PO Sox 12049 lA Late Rood licookon New Zoolond Pbono/Fox 64-7-6d70878 Mobile: 025293 3034 dorm000d0clooroctra
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| 206 |
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| 207 | </pre></Content>
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| 236 | I-AWRY DOWLING WACHER .. 1,7n714 ... coo., wom ,cmen d demiiinf, RARRISTGRS APO SOLICITOR tesowas,n, trIteet, /A(oitiet /Y. 8th October, 1951. Mr. P. H. Jones, P. 0. Box 78, TAUMARUNUI. Dear Mr. Jones, Thank you for sending me a copy of your letter of the 5th instant to the Registrar. Your suggestions have the merit of completing the record and I agree that they substantially set forth what transpired. Mr. Riddiford continues on his merry way - se witness copy of a letter received from him this morning. Mr. Riddiford was really the only one who had the opportunity of correcting the draft of his address while the Court was still sitting and his address was re-typed during the third and fourth days of the final week. However, if he wishes to make further corrections and retype the necessary 8 copies himself, I do not propose to make any objection, unless of course any new material be submitted. With kind regards, Yours sincerely, Enol:
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| 267 | COPY OF LETTER FROM MR. D. 2IDDIFORD, DATED 5/10/51 Deer Mr. Lawry, re MATAI BLOCK Thank you very much for the copy of the addresses by Counsel and Conductors in the last stage of the proceedings. I fully realise how difficult it must be to take en accurate record of speeches in Court, so I am sure you will understand my request to make alterations to obvious arrow in the record of my address. The question is how this could best be done. Should I supply a correct copy to the Court or send back my copy to you for re-typing? Tie former course I would suggest as the best as it would save you the trouble of re-typing. If you think proper I could supply you and the other Counsel and Conductors with corrected copies. Yours sincerely, (SIGNED) D. J. RIDDIFORD.
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| 298 | LAWRY, DOWLING WACHER MAK LAW. ... .9197 115 no SOLLC,095 1,0 SOX 159 TtL5 di. t9. ale a 1, ,5110. A' 1st October, 1951. Mr. P. R. Jones, P. 0. Box 78, TAUMARUNUI. Dear Sir, MAskaIDIggE It was nice of you to express the sentiments contained it your letter of the 28th ultimo, when forwarding the amended draft typescript of your address, and the corrected address, and Court'w commentary. It was obvious during the protracted hearing of this case that all parties concerned would welcome any assistance, and as my firm was more or less on the spot and had the staff available, it was a pleasure for us to do what we could. The final wash-up of the addresses involed Mriddon in a laborious task, as to provide copies of the addresses and commentary by the Court to all parties concerned, necessitated her devoting 7 or 6 days of steady and continuous typing. This she has most willingly done, and I can say that the greatest measure of her reward is in the appreciation expressed by gentlemen such as yourself. Copies of the addresses by Mr. Riddiford, Mr. Morrissey, yourself and myself are sent to you under separate cover as "commercial papers. You already have a copy of Mr. Ehau's. Originals of all these, together with your own, are already in the hands of the Court. All of us doubtless no4await the finding of Judge Whitehead with considerable interest - mingled no doubt with some measure of trepidation. With kind regards,
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| 299 |
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| 329 | . lox 78. . 5th. October, 1151. The Ae4istrar , Ikaroa "iatriot saori Lan.! Court, :.C. sox 33, Government Buildinga, INGT.,N `.ear Sir re 7e :utai Block investi,iation. :,eery ( Ur Laary ,aoher, Barriatere A Solicitor., aapier) has very kindly sent me a copy of the ad3resees given at the conoiusion of this case. There are come omiseions on Sheet 1 headed r. Biddiford's Axilrese Though , perhape, of no great importanoe 1 think the Court mould like to h,ve the record ua complete ae possible. Halfmay donn the sheet , Mier, I am quoted , the entry should read 413 follows:- (The om asions from r. laary's copy are underlined) A. : 1 would like to e4y that there is someone prestIlt in 3,art at tr,is otaor who caste to put foroard a claim and t2here may be others , and I think it aould clear uc any misunderstanding if the Court Would indicate , fcr t'ne benefit or these ceople in particular, all the troubl, the Court has ?one to in this case. I think , too , it Would be very lifficaii for the Court to deal ,ith aro freak olairrs t the and of the Court's oo.,ments and at the bottom of the same sheet , a ao,.an naked to angoroa aipeared and made a statement to the following effect :- Kal,Alil T. .4:.;RCA I cant to make a claim under the ancestor urapoto. :he Curt made ,arse ,ement in reply to , someahut on the foll, ing lines "T: anoestor ,:urapoto hue already been put foraard by three yrtiee in this cane rou consult the coniuotore ,ith re,,ard to any claim. you ti,ink you have fur inclusion in their 11Jts. It is toc, p no4 for you to nut u n claim on ill Ic,ae rfer letter I. la . or It eAs are,dy hen ,Ant t: 0,11,4 r t '
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| 330 |
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| 331 | </pre></Content>
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| 360 | jlas i as, Tuesday. lath 8entomber. 1551. PRURNI: A. A. Whitehead, Judge. A. H. Paapu, Clerk. 7S YALU HLOCX - RIDDIPORD'S ADDRLSS. COVRT: Mr. Riddiford, I believe you are basing your claim on Taraia - they founded their claim on conquest. Conquest by one of the N'Hineuru, and if that claim is a substantial one, if there Is any real merit in that claim it cuts the root out of all the ether claims. It is no half-and-half slain. It is a claim for the lot. If Taraia did in feet conquer this land and fulfill all the usual asseeiation of conquest; if the Court came to this conclusion that this claim had been substantiated, then there is nothing left for any other person. But if there is .1 anything in the Taraia claim, then I personally do net oars how the others proceed. hr. Lawry should come on last. That is right and proper. They are all relying on the same ancestry. ' And if there is a fault in one of the aneestsys, that fault passes through the whole of the claimants. So it goes. I did not press the matter while the claim was fought for the establishment of that ancestry. It was unnecessary if you were all relying on the same ancestry. But as I have Just pointed out the position is ' vastly different when you come to the elitist of Taraia. So we ti should all bear what Mr. Siddiford has to say on behalf of his clients, and then the other Counsel and Conductors can just maks up their minds who would like to fellow. 1' JOHN, I would like to say that someone at present In Court at this stagelcould indioate for the benefit of these ;, people in particular all the trouble the Coart ha gone to. It would be very difficult for the Court to deal with any fresh slat.. . Igalt I do not know anything of that sort but I do not think anything can be done to help persons like that. If you - f look bask through the records you will see these applications were well advertised, right through the district. Not only advertised . but special newspaper advertisements were published, saying what ,t .t was required to Do dons by every person. Anybody who indicated to us in Wellington, even though they did not amply with the con- . , ditions laid down, and it seemed to as that they were making some 4 claim, we treated it as a claim. Sverybidy was given the utmost oonsidemation at thatbpoint. Now at the end of it we got notice that (slain is being made by Taraia. We were particularly anxious that nobody should suffer an injustice and that claim is allowed to be proceeded with, even though it is quite out of order. That is a very different thing from the present moment, because all the evidence has been given and closed. One conductor has aetually delivered his address. Wow can a now ease be opened after eomductor has looted his ease? There has been correspondence with Messrs. Lee Mackie Harper d Waxy of Walpawa about this. Apparently this firm and Mr. Morrissey have been discussing the business with them. They write to the Registrar about putting in a claim for these people and a reply was sent in August. Now they replyt " I have not beard anything Anyone here who falls into that class I am prepared to hoar.
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| 361 |
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| 362 | </pre></Content>
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| 391 | - 2 - KE.,../IPAEMI I must first ask leave of the Court. not to advance a new claim, but merely to amend the title of the group which le advancing this claim. They are exacting the same people but I have made researches into the Minute Book which I did not have the opportunity of reading when I came into this case at a very late stage of the proceedings. It is quite clear that the case being put forward is connected wit) the other oases which have been put forward in the past. For instance, in the Te Matai investigation of 1928 when the Puna family put forward a claim, and also it links up with the Pakaututu investigation in 1869 with the claim which is now being put forward. That in essence is the came as thatiput forward by Taraia. Now it is the claim put forward by rBineuru and they put their claim forward by reason f the historical conquest of Taraia. From the records in Minute Books, and also occupation of 3 of the 6 people to whom title was awarded in the Pakautitu Block in 1889. Accordinglyte the evidence in this Court, I would refer in particular to page 24 of Savo . Sullivan's evidonss. There were 8 people to whom title was' awarded. One, waf the W'Mineuru, N'Manawahine, At rate halms of the Main N'ffineuru group. The Other, two, therefore, were of the group that I represent. They mare is W'Hineuru but were descended from the grandfather of Hawes, and I would therefore ask the leave of the Court to amend the claim as being one put forward on behalf of the desoendants of ganawakawa. It is the same line. There is no evidence going to be adduced otbor than the prediction of the whakapapa which will be done by dairy Puna who put forward a claim, a claim to the T. Matai Sleek in 1928, and an opportunity (Taraia) will be given to cross-examine him when he puts forward this whakapapa. By the indulgence of this Cour? Una permitted to put in an amended whakapapa, the understandiiiinling that an opportunity would be given to cross-examine is witness under the, whakapapa, and this is an amendment of sueb a kind as to put our case on its proper basis. gougT, Query as to new whakapapas being produced? MR. RIDDIrallt I think I was allowed in the )ast proceedings to put in an amended whakapapa and Counsel wore notified of my intention to circulate this whakapapa. OOTIRTt Has it been circulated - if it has not, how oan the others know what it Is about? Mi. RIDNIARt I have 4 copies here - gr. Morrissey and gr. Jones have had a short opportunity of looking at it, but net the ether conductors; Shall I sake my address now, subject to the whakapapa beinit ill at a later stage of the proceedings? couRT: so far as I know there has been very little cross- examination of any of the whakapapas. The conductors may think they have a sufficient answer to your claim under Taraia and not need to look at the whakapapas. On the ether hand, they may think they are a bit shaky on Taraia andkad better look at the whakapapa. What have you got to say? MR. MORPISUZI I understand that Mt. giddiford's claimants were to supply to the Cpurt and to the conductors within 10 days of the closfso of the adjourned hearing ,a whakapapa. Well 'trot, that whakapapa did eozo, but net within 10 days. Row, sir, if the whakapapa put in this corning is a different one from the ether one, then we should have time to study it. If I am to understand my friend that it is the same whakapapa and that no fresh evidence is to be called, I for ono will remain content. MR. SIDDIFOIn; I will give Mr. Morrissey that assurance.
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| 422 | -3- 0. JONE: Expressed the same views as Mr. Morrissey. J'. LAW: It was arranged that Mr. Morrissey should follow Mr. Riddiford, then Mr. Jones, and lastly Mr. Lawry. jAR. RIDDIFORD. If your honour pl , this is a ease which will be confined strictly to the record of evidence. In this ease I shall keep strictly to the records in the Minute Books and to the maps, and there will be one reference to Tortola,. Deeds of which I have a copy. In this case we are concerned in determining the title to a block of land which was praetieally unknown to fame. The traditions relating to this bleak are shadowy and real proof of occupation is literally lost in the mists of antiquity. Te Matai was not oecupied by Maoris in the sense that they erected permanent dwellings there. The evidence of all parties shows that entry into Te Metal was made at various points for snaring birds, for catching meaBi but this was the limits of the contacts made in the block. In accordance with the recognised principle of Maori law it is necessary to establish what might be called constructive ownership of the block. For the actual evidence of ownership that exists is of a slight and insubstantial kind. These proofs of ownership must be examined and met be duly weighed and then the Court must make up its mind where the ownership lies. With respect, Your Honour, I must give it as my view that the Taraia conquest, if it le held to be the root of the claim of my group, would not necessarily exclude all other groups, because although there is evidence from the records that the conquest of Tarala extended as far as To Natal, there is no evidence as to the exact boundaries of the conquest of Taraia in To Metal, and it would be a practical view to hold, in view of the impassable character of Ts Metal block, that only a portion of le Metal block was conquered. COLMT, You are setting up a proposition which is new to me. I want to know this, and we are entitled to know at this stage - do you on behalf of your clients allege that Taraia conquered Te Metal? The whole of Te Metal - or part of Te Metal and if only part - which part? I think we must have this defined. R. RIMMED: I think in this ease the matter could be expressed in this way. We allege the conquest of the whole of the block by Taraia, but it is a conquest which is to be assumed from the fact that Taraia advanced beyond the Te Natal Block, Taraia and Tawhao, because the two must be taken together. But it is for the Court to determine what was the extent of the "mane which was the residuary effect of the conquest, and actually to state a line is in try view the wrong way of looking at the case because it is not in accordance with the facts relating to the occupation of the adjoining blocks, and I refer in particular to the Taravera Case where there is a conquest by Taraia but occupation by Eahongunn in conjunction with the Towharetoa tribe and, I think, the Whineuru. Then there is the case of Pakaututtt in the 1869 ease. It is a question of the determination not only of the conquest hot of the "mane, the residuary effect of the conquest, and to hold srysell to a definitive line is difficult. COURT: Then defined conquest alone and conquest with occupation the former being merely war raids. Also what is meant by "mane" according to Maori custom. ME. RIDDIFORD: The "mane itself in Ts Matai must be a notional mama because in feat there were no Maoris in
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| 453 | - 4 - occupation. It is a notional type of ownership - therefore it must be a notional mans, and rather than base my case in that way I prefer to base it in the way I have chosen as being one more in accordance with the facts relating to this particular case. I could base it on the other foot but I do not think it would be one relating to the facts in this ease. If you should hold the other way, then I must of necessity allege that in consequence of the conquest - First thing I wish to refer to is the Pakaututu investigation of title in the year 1869, and I think that that forms the basis of my claim. Reference - Napier 2/89. It will there be noticed that Paora Torotoro opened the evidence. (Here Mr. Riddiford reads from the evidence of Paora Torotoro. We base our claim on the descent of our people from three of these six persons - Peers. Torotoro Te Wake Rawatiri Tareha Ts Moananui. You are, of course, familiar with the fact that the following year the Nakaututu was sold or was confiscated and i therefore this title ceased to be of consequence but it is valuable evidence as for that time, and the fact that cre Torotoro undoubtedly descended from ramia was the leader of the witnesses and seems to be a moat important person in the proceedings is a matter to be carefully weighed when considering any claim based on rights of ownership exercised from the Pakaututu side. I would refer yoR to page 25 of the transcript of the evidence. Raroa Sullivan's evidence - page 249 of the Minute Book (read by Mr. Riddiford). Now to consider the ease at greater length I would refer to other extracts from Raroa Sullivan's evidence. It is my intention to consider the claim from the Pakaututu aspect, and then later on consider the validity and the relevance of the 1880 decision. On page 23 at the top of Baron Sullivan's evidence yen will see 'Me used Ie (Page 244 of the Minute Book) I submit the evidence of Raroa Sullivan is the most complete evidence by any witness that has appeared in this Court, but of course the evidence as to the Pakaututu side and its nature and means of access, and the activities carried on there apply with eqeml value to my claim as to the N'Hineuru claim, because my slain is based on those who were in occupation in 1869, and the reasons why they were in occupation, and the activities they could have carried on in Pakaututu are explained fully in the evidence of Raroa Sullivan. Then he says that at the 1880 investigation there was another reason why the N'Hineuru were left out is because they took no notice of the hearing, as it took place at Taupo which is exactly what we ourselves say in regard to our people. It is supported in the evidence of Puna. I am not merely voicing a personal opinion, there is evidence to support my claim. COURZ, Where is the evidence that your people did not receive any notice? )S. JunniFormi Page 31 at the bottom. Re-examination by Barry Pune K/B 89/258. COURT, I do not see the statement that they did not receive any notice. 811. Rivaroin: It is an assumption that they did not receive any notice.
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| 484 | -5- Now I will next refer you to the Napier .70/590 which is to do with the Puketitire case. It has been mentioned that Paora Rokino has both held a being a man whose word as to Pakaututu was final and a person held in great respect by the NfEinsuru group. Actually it is of importune to consider he sometimes made claims which exceeded the real right of his people. On page 300 Paora Rokino states that TaraisOs descendants have no rights in the Puketitiri block but in raid in the decision TaraialSpeople get in and amongst them cao,Paore Torotore. COURT: What is the special point about that? ER RIDDIFORtz I was drawing your attention to the fact that it is not only in regard to Pakaututu that there has been a disputed claim as between Nglineurui and Taraiais descendants because actually the same dispute arose in Puketitiri and the Judge in his judgment recognised the Taraia conquest as being a historical conquest and give title to some of Taraiats descendants, and Paora Rokino who has been held up as being an authority on the tribal lands in fact stated in that case that Taraiags descendants had no rights in Puketitiri, but the Judge decided otherwise. 2321-110ei it sot that the Court. iatting in deseendeilf Tara's'? - Mp. RITIMPORD: No, it does not say but what he does say 1 of relevance here And it is much better to quote what he does say than to give a gunnery . Napier 70/345. That is the paint, there wad a relogoisedconquest. Now in the allocation of the shares01 his decision the ledge divided the whole into 500 shares and allocated the shares to the Various claimants, and be apportioned the 500 shares into which the Puketitiri block was divided among the olaimant in accordance with what he believed to be the strength of their claims. He recognised the Taraia conquest but he seemed in that case to be feeling that othseople had their claims, and I am myself of the view that is regard' to this alai that undoubtedly our people were in Pakautata bulFt0 make a claim to the whole of Te Metal on the gonad that they psi 1Y Pakaututu and that they were in the conquest of orals, 4watoUto to strain the case beyond all ross000tAO toVprootiool Oipro, x can only repeat that when you ost'o.:0144 you moot prey " as wall as conqnset; Whether it 00os to am end oaliotkoe,it embraces the whole orelitira part Pftlilltali KLAtkUlEgit: I think it would be of valusat this stage to clear up a small point, and that tithe semswhat altered basis,of the claim, and in this regard I would refer you to Rapier 1168/218. This case is opened at page 216. Pate re Rite for the Puna family and Tareha family, and refers to wideness Peers Torotoro in 1869 in Pakaututm. (here is reahe extract) Nos on page 197 of the same where Mr. MeDonald appeared for N'Hineuru .(hare is read the extract) ' That I would submit puts the question of Taraia conquest oa a very substantial basis because it comes from the Counsel for the other side. I know Counsel are not bound by what Counsel have said in another case but I have no doubt this statement of Mr. MoDonald will carry weight in this Court. Now there is a question which has been raised regarding the tribal boundaries as being a conclusive way in which this case is to be decided. I cannot agree that any decisions
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| 515 | - 6 settle the definition of the boundaries. The reason for that is that there has been, as far as I as aware, no case in which the representatives of the adjoining tribes have all been fully represented, never in practice has the title to land, at any rats within this area, been decided exclusively on the tribal boundaries and never in the blocks with which we are dealing. The hohaka cannot be regarded as an impassable boundary for the N'Eahunsunu because the N(Kabundus are in the Tarawera and actually occupy Pas there. They are in the Pakaututu and they can be pointed to 212 being in other areas. The To langs. a Tawhao which I think has the same meaning as the mama of Tawhao, and I will be able to show when I have a suitable map that it extends far beyond the hohaka The boundaries are defined in one of the early Turton'e Deeds. If there were no other boundaries I agree that tribal boundaries would be conclrsive but where occupation is shown, that is a different set of circumatances. In that case one cannot rely on tribal boundaries. I would refer you to Taupe 1. 4 which relates to a slain as to Taupo Nuiata. Now evidence of the boundaries was given by To Rookeu a leader of Tuwharetoa, and that evidence appears on page 38. It lays great stress on the noisaka River. Also on page 43 yen will see that there was a request made to have the ease adjourned 11024/.20 there wore conductors engaged in Napier and this request was disallowed. )here is read the relevant passage) I have not given this case the exhaustive attention which it requires and no doubt hr. Jones will be able to do this but it is relevant that the question of tribal boundaries was only in issue as between the Tusharetoas and N'ilinsurn, and it was merely a question as to how the blooks belonging to the Tunharetone should be portioned among mashers of that tribe. ;Crag,. Yon say the tribal boundary has nothing to dithAtt gh\_larrircaht I was referriat to the authority et this ease. I would say that was only one faetor to be taken into account. / deny thatit of exclusive,. itpattanse. UMW think you had an expert witness, Mr. Gregor. iostresn, an not bound by that witness. The Court Rust look to the evidence as a whole. I as basing ny ease en what is in the books of evideaee which still holds water after eroszamination. That is worth am,ansh or as Little as tort debating points. You wilthmt,ot page 55,bf the Tanpo 4 that the It us in fact" arrived sled the counterclakm,alat they were patting forwamd,Gat withdrawn. The acct. thing I would refer 10 Is the 1928 investigation in the To Matai Dlook. Zest I know ittitet' bi40 tte,Geirt but at the sanCtims that was there stated is of topOieureio1weeehe wittiness that were examised who have sitee diead thin Oastss there were far closer to the acts of owmershilgrittimg tide property that tor witnesses who have bees examined d thaw, treemedltie. Now in t sass the Judi/teat ohireoert ',pegs 221 (Napier. Ma. 94) (here is roid'at-extraet): Thati is vovesort end that is what our save fir--.Ales it will be necessity,- tconsider the ehidenoe of yoeupetion given by ay witneesos. I think you rely very math on the judgment in Pakaututu. I do, very much. Is there some special sanctity about that judgment? It is a judgnsat in keeping with other judgments given at that time. Is there any reason why we should attach more importance to the Pakaututu decision than in Is Metal decision? There has been greater criticism of the Ts Natal decision than the Pakaututu. =age Are \_13. CSJEL: ALA, COmtTs
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| 546 | ? 7 ? COURT: It seems amazing to me that judguent should be relied on affecting not only this block but adjoining bleoks, and that jadgueot used o an argument dealing with them whereas in point of fact we have judgment dealing with that particular block. RIDDIFORD: I quite agree that that has weight. I was propell- ing to deal next with the 1880 ease. Actually I have been somewhat thrown out by the fact that the Minute Books were not available in Bastings yesterday se I name up early in order to read, and have them ready. Caq2: These book. have been in Nellington since 15th June. I do not think you have any serious oaks for complaint. COURT ADJOURNED AT 10 COURT RE?OPSNDBD 0 MR. RIDDIPORD: Juet before lunch we reached the point in this ease where I wan about to discuss the 1880 Te Metal investigation of title. It in my submission that as regards a claim based on ocoupation in Pakantutu there is a dispute between my group and N'Hineuru as represented by Mr. Morrissey. However, as against a claim by soy group based on .patio? on the Pakaututu aids there is a claim based ea 000mpation on the Wharstoto side supported by the decision in 1880. Now as regards video?e of oeoupation from the Nharototo side there is, if the evidence is examined, little or "lathing more to nay in favour of the acts of ownership on that mid that on the other, except this that Raroa evidence in thie case is eubstentialmere so that any other evidence put forward. I we ars relying on the matter of 000lvatioo of certain areas thee on the Pakaututu aide have the aaaaa tag so that the Tomoaaa family and Harry Pons and ethers I represent by reason of the Pakautu dooleion in 1869 have the alwantaim in that quarter. That is the .lag up of the oasm uatil we mom to the 1880 deaion. The crux of the decision is the sketchy memoir in whiob it is recorded in the Minute Books cad the ?bole. end reeognised faults in aortal, individual cameo. Than there is the feet that the confiscation boundary Wile sat known at the beginning of the case which seams to iodioste gat the investigation wee entered upon in a hurried and o st's, manner. COURT: I osonot allow that to peas without comment. That invest- igation in 1880 was founded on maps which were available at that time, and it was only during the progress of the ow that it became known that the boundaries Imre out. The Court was acting at that time on plane which war available, and which were found later not to oenform strictly. The later inveetigatiou started hero, went to Taupo, ease up care, went is Nanganui, cams hack hers, because they could net make up their minds where the To Metal Block lay. The case was ?hanged from Court to Court until it was finally settled and it wee agreed that it woe at Ikaroa. RIDPIFoRD: I have great .peat to what Your Honour has just said, I would eamer to say that the Court acted in ignorance of aorta mitten; whist eubsequently came to light. It is known that certain name were wrongfully included. One cannot build too mob on that. On the other band, lt is know' that the don was not a perfect one. COURT: The preeedure adopted then is the same procedure as will be adopted today. MR, pIf9RDI Except lo this reason. It is mentioned in tt. v6w448t18. of 1928 there was a ?lyrical error. But a. I said I would not build too much en that, It would net be right that I should do so. But just as through no fault of the Court oertain names Might be omitted from a list due to the fact that the
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| 577 | - 8 persons entitled did not hear of the proceedings, er it is possible that the conductor ma/ not have published the thing sufficiently widely, if the hearing took place in Taupe then it is possible that a whole tribe was net represented. Without any reflection on the Court I any this. It is our contention, based on Harry Puss's evidence that the N'bahangunn wooly have bee. Pr..at had they been notified, but there is a bit more to go on than that. In Minute Beek 74/215 it says "This le the 1928 investigation of Ye Natai 'In 1880 Sir S B.." It say. nothing there about the N'Iahungunus being engaged there bit it is reasosable assumption that, it shin group did cot receive notice then other groups did not reds of the proceedings. It is my submission that this Court is net bound by the decision of 1880. That it will have weight is true, the Court bee made deoision on this subjeot, but the fact of the oonfisoation must have wiped out the biadieg force of that decision together with the Act of Brliament which later declared that the title to this land sill be decided a. if the confisoation had not take? effect. In a matter of that sort argument in title Court is of little avail. I could argue it but in thee matters there is so precedent upon which one cm rely but it imams to me to be clear that dooision was made awarding the title to persona is error. when the ground for that error has been remedied the decisions does not come into effect again. Though I would not dispute with the Court that some weight east be given to the Te Nata decision, subject to the remarks which I hoes made in regard to that decision. My friend, Mr. Lawry, wan kind enough to teal me that he proposed to argue the argument of Iataotao as applying to a claim advances by reason of occupation of Pakaututu. I do not think there can be any argument there. The Act of 1324 had the effect of restoring the status quo as it cutlet when the confiscation took place. Anything thereafter that happened must be disreguardad and oleo soy decision made in error oust be di reguarded. It is necessary to deoida the case aooerding to the onetomery Maori Law but if you are going to restore the statute quo as it wee than when the oonfissation took place, you must so far as It is poseible to do so, restore the evidence as it exitsed at the time of the confiscation. COURT, Are you quite clear in your mind as to what is me nt? MM. RIRDIY0RD, Yes, that if no claim has been pressed by claimants for 3 generation., by reason of Maori onnstomary law, that oleic =et laps. C0UR7t What is the cruoial date? MR, AIADIFORDI 1870. COUB70 No, 1840 ? Treaty of Naitangi which preserves to the Maori people their right ea to that date. RIDDIYORD. I was not intending to spend great deal of time on that point except to emphasise the faot that it in essential to consider that question to be deoided in regard to this land as if the oonfiscatioo bad not been, and anything that happened thereafter met be dieregoardad except so far as it relates to something which preceded that decision. (There ie nothing that I wish to add to what I have said except that I feel that it la proper that I ehonld make, on behalf of mr olienta, an apology to the Court for my request that a whakepapa should pot be put in. I wish to de this as I have had the opportunity of studying Minutes Rooks and I am eatisfied that whatever the Court may daoide in thia case my clients' claim is genuine one which has bees in their minds for long period of time, and the fact that owingto being badly advieed they put their claim on
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| 608 | ? 9 ? a wrong basis does not destroy the claim se a claim, as it links up with the claim that was made In 1869 and 1928, and it gives me pleasure to assure the Court that thin is genulae olaim that is being pressed. In regard to the whakapapa insufficient copies were typed. Extra copies will be given when available. There la just one other wetter. There was earlier mentior of Minute Book 19/20 to do with the Omahu case in 1889. That case I have done my best to study. It to in bad writing and 600 ? 700 pages in length. There ie referent. to the Tara.. lands in which there are oertain pas on the eastern side of To Natal bleak which were occupied by N'Eshungunus claiming through Tareia and that I would ask leave to put in. I cannot give you the referenoe number but I will be able to traoa the referenos from the Maori oopy. It is important MA showing that the conquest by Tarale and Tawhao, and the two must be taken together, extended as far an and bCced To Metal. COURT; I east you to tell Us exactly now that I can look up as evidence of your statement or ;our allegation that Taraia conquered the Natal block. MR. RIDDUQRDt In the last part of your remarks you very clearly put the nature of the nese. 1 do not kaiak that there is any evidence that Tarala ?ea./tiered Ts Naha itself but there is evidence of his having conquered the surrounding blooks. Subject to any further references to Minute Books which I may put into tie Court, hers is no direct evident of oonquest in Te Metal by Tenda but it la to be inferred by his own met subsequent conquests of the surrounding lands. On the coJestion of eooupetion there is of course the evidenoe by Ike Robles and Barry Puns and I rely o, that. Also Napier KO 74/217-218. I feel this matter I must Consult my elicits. peaking quite candidly, having studied the evidence up to date there is no evident. of occupation by the 000AT: So even by virtue of oonquest the whole of To Metal is olaimed, there might be a difficulty of supporting that with proof of occupation. MR. RIDDIMUD; I appreciate that point perfectly hut you will aloe understand in these circumstances I nest oonault oith my clients. WUR,V1 The Court will give you leave to confer with your clients, At the acme time the Court will mails the observation that is should have been dons a long time ego for it is the semen., of the lain. Is that all than can be said for the Waimea? MR, RIDD Igo?, That Se SO and exempt that I wish to give references to pages in the Tarawera investigation and to Napier Minute Books 19 and 20, that J. my oat., sir. COU,T1 We will add your supplementary statement at any convenient time.
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| 639 | AMU - 19/9/51. Now, sir, I world like to cocoons. my address in a somewhat revere. order. I .ire to answer the case of my friend, Mr. Riddiford and dispose of that, sir. It woad assist me if I did it in that order. My friend's ease, as I understand it, hes now narrowed down to fairly simple and convenient limits, in that be claims under the ancestor, Serail'. I say, In my respectful submission, and/based on the authorities at my disposal and which I will refer to later, that Tamale never et any time, either in whole or in part, conquered Te Metal Block. I will submit to Your Honour on the authorities, that Taraia's activities were mainly of depredation, whereby be made raids on towns and villages, and slaughtered therein defenceless posy's. He journeyed from village to village and from district to district doing nothing elm. except searching for food to enable him to carry on. Wow, sir, my tend is obliged to show in my submission that a conquest was h feet med. of Ts Mutat either in whole or in part. the That can only be done by an set in fast, and ib Wf submission no evidence whatever has been addueed to this Court by any of the witnesses to show that a conquest bad taken place. 1 Are you taking into account rehiring.' be ha. wide? XR. Vi The evidence in my submission dealing truth conquest is taken from the regards themselves, and the reoorde at ay disposal. am speaking of personal observations ads by the witnesses. These clearly show that Taraia's activities were those relating to raids at Ahuriri, extending to Arapawanii and Sabato River and down south to Dannevirke. In no record at ay disposal, and my Wien has not submitted any record, can b. found any extension of the activities which I have seen fit to described as raids and depredations anywhere else. It is on my friend to prove his ease. Wow sir, the evidence, apart from reference to records, is alleged to be that given by grandmothers and people whoa they say arc well versed in Maori history and knowledge of theme ancestors. Mr. Puna himself speaks of the eapktre of prisoners -page 29 - Arapaeanni . (reads extract) also reads extract Reed's History of Hawke's Bay. Page 40 at the tsp. Ths evidence for the elaimants under Tarsi have teen very earefulmtd omit any referenda to raids and depredations. Be reference has been made. Bow Yoar Honour has pointed eat tine and again in this ease the conquest mutt be established and pin-pointed, and I oust submit that Mr. Riddiford hes not pin-pointed to the Te Motet Bleak. ee hare beard of the inelasion of Paora Terotere aid Ts Waka Kawatini in Puketitiri and Pekeutetu Block. It is true sir, from the record of the Court that cre /orator? stated that his ancestors occupied Pakaututu and gave as their ancestors Bgatoirangl and Turnki. Het that is no evidenes of mataest by Tarsi - we have bad no evidence of oeoupation, and I submit that that evidenae cannot establish the eomenest of Varela, and I make the suns observation with regard to the eengaest of Teretero in Pakaututu Block. It is true that the learned Judge in the Puketitint case made reference to the fast of Taraia's sweetest, but beyond the reference there is nothing to say that Tarsi conquered Puketitiri, or was anywhere near it. Beyond making referense to the record I submit I oasnot deal with the conquest of Tarsi any more than that. W. can only rely upon the evidence before the Court, and there is no evidence of conquest. Wow, sir, I wish to deal with a refers's,. to the History of Hawke's Bay at page 30, and the notes to this volume are beaded, 'larvae's raids at Meretaunge. (here reads extract) (arapaeansi) (akalseari)
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| 670 | - 2 - Page 30. (Totara) (Tawhao) Father extreet - Pages 40-41-42 (Neipipi) At top of page 43 the record msntinues and deals with his trip to Otatara. Page 46 goes on it the arm strain and at the foot of page 46 I wish to read this: (Horetaunge eventually Nakaari) Ito district we are speaking of is net ehrEhons near Tv Natal. That is the record, sir, that is the oily record I have been able to find which gives such a complete recount of the activities of Taraia, and the extent of the boundaries within which those activities were ereated Foreword by Rev. J. A. Asher. Thanks due to Sr. Wilson, Ur. Frentioe and Nussell Duman. Pow sir, at page 40, middle of the page, there is there refer- ence dealing with Kahmtapare - he was one of the warriors under Tarala. Ijust make that referent's, sit, to irlarnamahine to show that the tribe in residence appears to be other than Semis. I would like your Honour's direction - reference has been .ade throughout these pressed/0gs to N'Eahunganu. Do I understand the case aorreetly, sir, when I say that WiLaltungonu is relied upon by my friend? 2221. Streik and N'Eahungunn most be linked together for the puree., of this ease. I would like to refer to Tempo 6/127. It is Manes given by Terangitahau dealingawith Wharetoto subdivieien (extract read) (C'Tutemahnt and inearo) gourt ADJOURNED 5 P,M. 2,122ELSenia1111.1241al M. XXIV comments on seeded Whakapapa pat in by Ir. Riddiford, and says it does not cleanest with Peon Terotoro. OOURt Mr. Riddiford saw me in Wellington and I told kin that, in my opinion, without preludiee to his ease, his Whakapapa did hot earnest ap with Peers Tarots's. He then asked me if he could put in a fresh Whakapapa without calling any fresh widens, to show his clients are 4 nded from these two particular people. )11. HUAVI Further point in submitting this new whakapapa we have some batik to Turuki. am. I do not think that is what they want to do. I do net think they want to throw Tarsi overheard at all. Decease yes are able to trees aortal. names in that whakapapa, they are not relying on that account. They we still relying on conquest by Tarsi as setting op the "take" and then they want to show oocupation through the Riliamea and they thought they could do that by connecting up with nacre Torotoro. They find they could not do that, BO they have looked round for a sample of ether people - N'Hawea - and they say these are the new people we want to rely on. They say they do not need any more evident', they want to establish the conquest 1' Tarsi and put in this new whakapapa. la,jumig, Thank you, sir, in my epinior they have made confusion more oonfueed. con' ADJOURNED
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| 672 | </pre></Content>
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| 701 | - 3 - ;201, OPERA 2 Is/9/61 ILA/ At the adjournment last evening I was referring to the case of Tarais, and not having my own volume before ma I did not complete the references I desired to make. At page 69 watererse is made to the Tarawa sitting near Telinnaeun. At page 60 p. 61 t Te Arai-a-Taranga (read.) " 62 p. 62 at Pakipaki (reads) ere Reobange Pa) (Conclusion of the femme.) One final reference I weede nake, and it deals with the evidence given by the witness. in their claim ander Testae with regard to food. The referenees I have already given you, page 40. I merely refer to pages 41, 42 and 42, and it is quite clear in my submission that the feed which Taraia's peel. obtained and sought for was in plums not as far distant as T. Reba. Muth nearer to Tangoio. As far as this volume is opagerned folio..re of Taraia only go to the Mobaka river and no reference in this book at all is made as fares Tamale is oemerned to Te Natal or Pakautute. The only reference in this book to Tahan 'ha was a lumber of the party to which we have referred (S) 'boys kin oar somewhere in the vicinity of Tangelo, Apapauansl, Ahuriri Lagoon. There is no reforeree at all of Taper loading expeditions to Pakauteta or anywhere near it, but I think it fair to admit the inference from the records that his expeditions took him to Nobaka. That was a boundary to his raids. 22RAlt Row do yon .count for sees of his suede being in Pakeututet ma, A. I refer to and the evidence is clear of Torsion, himse Rs says he elates under Tarsal and by virtue of oeoupetion. We have had no evidence about Tareki. I asked the witness Rare Anna end be had no knowledge whatever. I now turn to the ease for my own group - n'unearu. Tt is common ground that they are doesendants under dorterre.- hint R'Kurupoto and Tuwharetoa, and are in titles to this land Cf. Nate!). The widens. is seetred round the question of those mho ea prove occupation. Row, sir, se far as the PRineuru are eoeserned, this elate is eontained in the evidenee of see witness, Mares. Millirem, who ham been referred to by my learned friend as having given the most complete picture of what took plass. Row Nr. Sallivem rests the claim of Rineurn people first and foremost on their defense of the block. I hope to have before I domande my address some antherity vh/oh will give the meaning of the word Pakastate tresses. it is ie referent's to that block that dr. Sullivan oenfinss the major partial of his evidence of what took place. there. Unfortnnately he did not give the meaning of "Pakautatu" - meaning "Look" where defense is oarried out ',here invaders are opposed and repelled. That is the meaning of Pakaututu. wow the main claim of N"Hineuru is mad. through 4 people -Where, Taunge, Rabe" and Tangataiti, the last two of whom died is defence of the block. we invite Tour Ronav to accept that Tangats and Patmi lived on this land. You heard that Tangataiti died and is buried there and Rahn! is there tee. low we say that the qmastic of occupation in this ease is one which in the true sense of the word gannet be advanced with any sebstemee, aid I will deal with the later. I tow return to the stenos of the bleak. Now, sir, we say that the Binaural people's animators were the ones who did this. There is evidence on the Court records that the Maseru people were
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| 702 |
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| 703 | </pre></Content>
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| 732 | living to the raver block as far back as 1862 and at the soment I will just refer to that record which is the judgment of the Chief Judge Jones in the Tarawera ease. I will quote the relevant portion of the judgment. (quoted) It is quite clear that prior to 1687 the R'Hinettru were to occupation. Apart from native evidence there is Hr. Naunsell's evidence that in 1862 he passed through Tarawera and THineurn under Rangihiroa were there then. o2 Now, sir, the N'Hineuru people under Rangihiroa (whom Hr. Sullivan said is avid about 02) must have been there at the crucial time - 1840, but of course their ancestors were there many years before. That brings me to the evidence of Yr. Sullivan when be says on page 2i at the foot of the page "Hy grandmother Or. Sullivan's OASe is adduced on the evidence of hie grandmother who wan 80/90 years of age when she died in 1908, and she says to him, according to him evidence, that the defense which he has related to yon, namely that Nebel and Tangataiti died in defense of the Block were given to her in turn by her predecessors. We ask you to eccept that evidence for, firstly, that reason. Hew you will later look at the whakapapa which has been put in, which will show that T. Amionga who married Sineknkti and begot the people I speak of was descended from Were. Row, on the plan you will see a place (Jelled PlrtvOrAlni and that referent, is to Were who according to Hr. Sullivan Ma a guardian of the lands, and in answer to my friend, Mr. Leery, he says on page 23 referring to the Tutenshuta people "We were almost like one people. He goes en farther at page 24 ((Noted extract) Also page 26 Mahal and Tangataiti joint guardians) That is the substance of the evidence given by Hr. Sullivan in thief and in oross-examination of the defense was cads through Pakautetu to Ta Natal Block. I make reference again as part of my own aces to the Taupe 6/ and I refer to the evidence of Terangitaban when he makes reference also to putting wp pests and says was there'. Row that in my respectful submission is the soundest of the eleims which can be advanced to obtain title to this block in en investigation sashes this. Your Honour has told the Court in this investigation that that is the type of evidence yen require. And while I do not attempt for ens moment to exelude ether claimants who can prove occupation, I do intuit very forcibly that the claim of the R'Hineurn people, if Your Honour aceepto the evid- ence of Or. Sullivan, are entitled to very large shares in this blocl and at this point I ask Your Honour to so grant them largo shares for that reason. Wow I come to other portions of evidence of my calm. I submit that throughout this ease no one can contend with certainty that there was any ocompation in fact of To Natal Slock. There is evidere of the search for food, such as bird snaring, eeling, fishing and hunting, and some witnesses say, based on the evidence whisk vas giv then by their ancestors, that cultivations took place awl that 11011 time vas spent on the block during these visits to the lands for the purposes above 'mentioned, but we have evidence from Mr. Phillips, eat from other witnesses, Mr. Hallett, Hr. Tailed himself, and Mr. Jeass and his yitnAssms, that this was very hilly and broken terrain, and one witness told Tour Honour that it was wholly unsalted for threllims I think the nearest we have to anyone residing anywhere near To Natal is on the boundary of Ts Natal and Pakaatetu - Nakiekle. I submit that this evidence of expeditions for fishing, if it is to have say value at all mast be occupation in fact, and secondly, if it is to hi admitted at all it must have been evoupation by the people living in the vicinity, and that it was necessary for them to go en this bleak for food. Nov, sir, what have we to 'onside's. We halm the appreaoh ef the people Pram the Pakautetu Sleek and Hr. Sullivan has said that as far as eels pre eeneerned there was no need for the T. Hereto people to go on Te Metal Sleek. It was within easy reach of people living
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| 733 |
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| 734 | </pre></Content>
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| 762 | <Content><pre>
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| 763 | - 5 - Pakautute and that was the direction fres which to approach the block. I submit that if may occupation of the blook is to be Riven weight, then it should only he given to those people who really had the neeeseity to go on to the blook, and secondly that the block was within easy reach et their hoses. As far as occupation is concerned, in that sense I invite Your Honour to accept the evidenee of Mr. Sullivan that his people could in fast, and did go on to To Natai for that purpose. Insofar as the ether claimants are soncerned as regards occupation I say this. The evidenee for Yr. Lawry's olients show that sort of them lived at ,nnanga. There is a slight conflict as to whether the people at Runanga had any neeessity to go on to Ts Natal for eels, but nest of the witnesses said Ts Metal was noted for its good eels, and it must be admitted that that is the position, and I think also it must be admitted that the evidence of Paora Rokino as given in the previous Court's hearing is reliable. He says in the 1924 Court that this land belongs to the descendants of Kurupeto abd haruseehine, provided they wan show occupation, and he goes on to refer to To Matti block, and what could be had fros it. / thihk it would be unfair not to concede certain /smartaroe to the evidence of Paora Rokino, and I an instructed to do so insofar as visiting T. Natal. Block is concerned for thee' purposes. But I as not prepared to adult or concede that the periodieal visits to Te Sated for this purpose show that these people lived on the block. I submit upon the evidence as whale Ts Natai was not able to be lived oh., As far as Yr. Jones' clients are con-calmed, just dealing with the question of occupation, the evidence shows that his people were at least half a day's Journey from the boundary of To Natal., and further that they did not fish fres the histedssmatt T. Natal side at all. They fished the Wohaka river from the Isparta side. I submit that so far as Te Matai Sleek Is concerned for Sr. Jones' clients, It was not one in which they had material interests. Their homes, the evidence shows, and this can also be said for the Tutesabuta people, their homes were on the shores of Lake Taupe and beyond, and 1 de submit that just beeause this block may have been within half a day'. Dempsey for the, it could not be said to be within easy reach and that they would go there frequently. Wow, I wish at this stage to return to the evidence given by the witn e relating to this question of occupation. We have the etidence of the witness Tit Post, a man 75 years of age, from whom one might have expected evidence of great assistance to the Court but his 'mittense clearly ahoy, that be has very little know- ledge of the block whatever. He was only 6 year of age wisest the Order of 1880 was made and I respectfully 'Omit that as he grew older his parents who would have a elear reoolleotion of what transpired in 1880 must have known that Rahui and Tangataiti laid devil their lives in defense of this block and the desoendants of these people should have been inoluded in the title when the Order war sad, in 1880. Wow a further reason why I submit his parents should have known is that Terangitabau himself was a very 'oreful leader and alive at that time. We have the evidence in the Stoats Beek to which I have referred where be says that N'Tutemahuta and q'Nineuru assisted Pabanaurangi to repulse the bahungunms fro. these lands. I submit that there was no justification whatever for the N'Hineuru people not being in fast ineladed in the title for Ts Natal W. One would have thought a man like T. Poai would have been aisle to give the Court a very good lead as to what the true position was as to the events relating to Salmi and Tasgataiti Yr. Tahau in his evidence deals on page 3 with the elates of the descendants of Paresis. and in answer to the Court's quietism which was as follows I Do you maintain that any desceadant of Pare-awe, the wife of Tuteeahuta who can prove occupation is entitled to share in this block? The second emetics fro. the Court, Do you maintain that no ether person is entitled to a share in this block? Yes. Mr. Tallest says NI was told this by my g-andpareets
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| 764 |
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| 765 | </pre></Content>
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| 794 | N M4 .2i Maw S was HA g MAa i;11 myy o tD! 6 - Well. sir, on pogo 9 Ieraltiana says it answer to my friend Sr. Wham, sows of the 31 persons aro not desoosdants of Tutemahata..Viut the old pimple put then in" halos leer Honour has definite proof that these people is fast. peoupled, that is they definitely went ea to this blink far the purpose of snaring birds, etc. and are the descendants at Tutonahuta and Pareava, then they Mould not ohtait any interest in this 'block at all, and secondly mo far as Via slain that only the d rce6Sants of aim are ntitloh to this bleak, I say, firstly, that as Sr. Iaraitiana says that Rakai and Tangatoiti were dessendsucts of Wurupoto, than that is true that that preposition eannot be supported. Thor is a total conflict between the two witnesses for ar. Lawry's claimant, Wee at pogo 4 of lir. Tahaa's cvideme he said nothing shout the killing of Rahui hut Mr. Laraitiama says in his crib. ens. that he was told by his alders that thee. Pula were 12 the bleak. further on page 4 dealing with the Question of occupation he says that the land was broken country. On page 6 of Sr. Yahoo's widen. he says (quoted entreat) In clot of the evidence Thigh has bees given by kr. Laeres clients with regard to occupation 1 say that their elates to inclusion in this block by virtue of occupation such. they have described should bo ocesider d very slender. UM Am I clear on your position so fart You deny the right of the N'Haves for start. You say they have no rights at all? UR. Is No?oir. ggRaItt Ian deny the rights of the Witaoglito people OR. No Yea, sir. Mai Upon the pounds that they were about half a day's jeoUre.. ey from this hlock. Mat is two lots out oempletoly. You take Mr. iewry's clients and you say, there are SI people there. A cipher of these mot go out altegother b son. they are not descendant. of Perinea. So no have I lots eat. We have got eertain smokers of the 1 origin al owners out and then you say we ought to serutinise very oarefully the cuboupation rights of the rest, and in the end we are going to le left with the Welliteurt. They are claiming then almost exelnsive rights to this Blank? MN. Us Yes, sir, that Is wy instructions. COURTT Upon Ow grounds that cambers of the R'Hineuru tribe wore killed, not on To Natal, bat on moms adjoining 'bleak and allegedly in defense of it. Top have founded the whole your slain en those two people? HR. tc That is perfectly trim, sir. That is so for as the la- donee of the bleak is conserved. I say the rilinenru people are entitled because their people laid doer their live in defence of the block. We claim through those 4 poopla - Taumga, Whore), Rahni aod Ungataitl. Wes, sir, at this stage we are dealing with the quostIon oconpation, I want just to refer to asjudImant given en 10th Ootober. 1660, taupe 17 at page O. (gaotad) lea, air, it, Honour refers to the question of manquost Therein he ameepts the seldom. given by the N' to and laruswahine. I mho refer- ent to that for four Honour's own gnidanee. His Romeur gees es further with those muskets (quoted) Worth, over ea the Phi is this statement by lie Honear4;As to the rturmpeto and l'Itruawahino claim is as s as 'dollar aldose. of other olatme to other parts of the bleak,
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| 795 |
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| 796 | </pre></Content>
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| 825 | 7. Use at page 6 of taraitiata's videos. he says that I was told .. I make referenes to that sr/donee which he says wad given him by his mother that that is not aosfirmation of the wits's. given by Mr. Sullivan with regard to the events geesine Label dad faegataiti. I ask you is Iroise the Widen. insofar as it relates to To hors and Iuropeto as boles the guardians of this elan because so have it from Tarmegitekau himself that he was piss. in that event which I have referred to free the Mints Book. Mow, sir, Ur. Iallett's ?wideno at pass 11 gals with sweeties relating to bird =MAU etc. and eultivations es Whereto'. Sleek. On page 13 be says he kosee nothing of Rabuistd Taaggtalti being billed on the bleak. dew, sir, des11-4 with evidence of Ir. Jones' witnesses, pages 16 and 17 we find that similar siateseats ere nods with regard to the use sate of Ts Metal. They hese nothing with regard to the deem', of the block es outlined by Mr. laIllaa Nov A want to tough on 3o, 1 bleat. Mow, Mr. dullivan has told Your Honour that at the time the investigation of title took oleos in 1860 the Hinevro people had been defeated in battle. They had been takes prisoner and fousd themeelvss in the Chatham. Ciliate. and some of ties at loteo. ales he has said in his mitoses that the unsure people a that time were under the lieutessey of Te Rang/ Tabau. Thus is 1660 es have the evident that in 1662 the alsetre people sere at Ts Berate halt say to Tempo. Bogota Terangitahau there was no ono present to represent the Stanton people andkey ape set laelwded in the title. Sow e have had evideamt that Cobble sash nos realties and that there was a paper printed et that time, all there would have been ample nation given of this bearing. I so wily rely on Mr. aullivan'a evidence..0d it has mot in asy way boss preyed that the dieser) people were la that palatine at the time and were net included. We go on a att., further and is eons Lowe to the 1926 hearing when the Unsure people sirs represeeted fir the first tin by Kr. ksDomaid. de have ere Roble? there who says that this last belongs to the doseeodaets of Kur,pola sat Isreawshime aJd leekiag at the whaltapapa Tour Honour will see that the miaears ere true desasadeots of those goist.. and it is setter far soilles se to why they were eat included and I ask TOW. Berner to aesept the reason given by Mr. Sullivan that they were act there Demon they could not have bad any aotice. There is another geed reason that the 7 ahenaels through thigh the Ilaeurn people claim are referred to in the 1914 ease. de get the -sosodsnts of Tourer nit set sat vs get down to a same like leagikapus. Thole people snail pas Pakatatu Pa ie near Te Mittel ant is belongs to N'turepeto. 'Ts Natal is after the aganaest he vioters lived en tiffareat parts".. At lids stags I sake a further referees to the Tamils sae. Peers Notins'e evidence that the', ears there 1. 73/278. Sew, sir, Tour tenets ages es why our people were et present or isolated in the 2esbars given you the reason as given U. 0 by Ir. Selliven sat I aloe wafer to cre Rahloo's OV1480041 which clearly shoes that the Nieman are eatitled to he is Te Rata/ and I submit that it they hat hal proper noties they would have been able to jnetify inolusise in T. Matt Slack. I east to roar to the eases on this bleak dasgishate dal tangikepua whieh is knows and shows at the joining if Ise Melaka set ltipla riVers. low, air, Raaglehatia is name sot a disaerni-le There is the tams dahuwasrea and that saes refers to dweller, mite from 'UAW Miesurn descends. I went to again refer to evidence by Toraagitakatt Taupe 26/227-226. "Titiskurs Mehaka distristu Insofar as the assistazes blob ItT nay have lenders( to I'll/Deere or to any other tribe in the defeats of test 0.4 I sake submiaelen that that does not justify slain to emnerskip it the black and I merely wish at this stags to content myself with your Beacer's own wards 'that that is not the peaidien that the bleak still reasalita the land of the people to whom the other people nay have rendered assletanes.". Mow that brings me to the elose of the tans far tie I'llissuro based ea the evilest Sad roserds. I still haws to deal with the claim under Imbui-oorea as referred to by Mr. Stalin wee says that
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| 856 | 8. Kabevaerea lived at Petatutn. I shalt that fahaestrea'S olala Is oa strong as the alai. Of Mr eta!, elaiaaste Shreve Kr. Lamy sal Kr. Janos. Panatela was near to To Matai. gad easy appreana Mal tram Nr. dullivan's eviden it mist be inferred that Lahlontoras Naas vas of To natal for soling and obtaining foal. That la a elide under rarupusu. I wish to return to the No. I Olset for pot a flow olaulaa. and 1 am the first to apneede that Ma recognitioa mast be Slashing to the egoistom of las Court greatiag the 31 people title is the to. 1 dk. but If I say mate the obsarvation that the slain ISO coda through 3 =easters and csoupatioo ea the land in tale ger. Torsagitohav Maya I have oconpled this load mad live et Xatlekto there are also burial plaits.. how sir, that "vitiates is almost les sans as the eviledes whieh has been gives to Your Konen, by the Ohs, claimente hors as to cooapsties. Taa says there ere nausea. Sall I invite Your Honour to sestet the amidst. that It la netwpoamiblO to erect home on that load. 14., if that wk. the evidanni bleb enabled the 31 pimple to be iseiuest i tai. title, then in vie, of the videos. untieh hos been adduced to you throughout this lam hearing, I submit that taw legintrure sad their pimple bust be to-eluded in the balance at the bleak. That in tin way obmervatiou I fool I can fairly male nava the elaiem into by leMineare tads,. It would not be fair to criticise the Ceurt's Assisi aid beyeed that I do not taint it is fair for auke nasdeotore to aritleise that deei3lon of the Osurt. It is olser that Yoe, gegen, le leant la vise 04 the evidence gives tie give eonsiderstion if Os natter raehel ea occupation oleo, of the claims of the ll'Hioescm end the ether group rep whom I appear. Te sue up I wish firstly to deal with Mr. Joss.' sass. Boo so far as his clients are sensernod - la VIM of Ike Families of their pas sad the long titans and nitTlealties at travel It Jo iadieatsd that To natal Blank was sot of real sealant or nmeasity le thee people. You aannot deny the slams that aesasional visits art male to thatblock, end say that it Isola Met be of the sans pant/eel interest to his Monte a it was to Mr. Lawry'. oliets 'Me nailed at Itunsaga and Patatnte and To Karate. I salmis that Mr. Joao.' Onsets therefore have not sheen say reel earapation in the semae blob would be acceptablo to the Goat. Insofar as Mr. Lawry's olients are ooncoread, they la MI submitelon hare too approasbas to t,is natter. The first, a real eta, nasal/ the conquest of his people al the mason 8 his peOple bating isalaW in the Ke. 1 black. I subsit that bat does Mt eat,tla theal,O0,84VrIght to agelmaire inelusion L. this bleak, Mouse Alfal4a with the question of ogempatlas Jr. Lawry's ellsate 001 the fornidablo evidence of Kr. enllivaa whin' clearly MhOtallhat ante people thus ancemomors to Sae 71 pimple shoal be included i. this 8hlw. Thin ie in regard tt bolas samara ot Jo. I. Tao OfIdeame of soeusatioa for all Ohs alsimsnla Is altar. name14t1Ohrenee Shia land as a food remorse. That is the eonzeillill AO Weal earth, watch. I semil, has been Mirages so roll Ma. Ainimo,;-Ana if this oodapatio in held to be eleoder amt weak, thatnethiag else I would submit that she elainaole weal .Sand an ihothiPlY equal basis. The evidence of Paws Also as far as Oseupatien 1. eemooraed coat be resonated and Mr. Sullivan blastelf pays settee to Plonk Stoltimo, The evidence, of Kr. Sullivan mast lo al, least equal :: l poot, and if the lila nom to be loteamise oil het basis I say in that the elainaete through Kr. Larry fuel my group would be se a fairly equal fasting. ant, sir, we go a Up .,ahoy. I submit that the alsoura p000mo, headed by tIe tug illustrious ireiria111 Sao ones eatitIod is a Webetantial looluele. of a pestle. of that bleak, if sat M. hola of it, and I slalom on behalf of sap people. is far as the use brothers sae c000srssd, /hero an Tonga, I submit that Ma elalinata through Tonga god /Mere have ae equal right. I saaaot aliases aka alias shy further Loa fiat. to for as galmeemea is oemporsoa kiwi that based em apowepallea so me Knew it in Mils faun oho Is Apailed to laelysion la tie Baas manner as hr. LawrOa elieiha If' 1 aro lactlaaad.
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| 857 |
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| 858 | </pre></Content>
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| 887 | 9. Dealing with the .etion of lapels I submit 0 the eViden. sir, Mot the 0 o4u. has not been /a say sooner eeiahlieled WO! rw Metal glook or any portions thereon. Tee record clearly shows teat no .gest of the land:, between gehago and roronsahau was mode by Wait - they ware xelusively activities of raider and he is gnome as a raider, attmober end ono oho plunders. Now, sir, he Da, to show that he has solldifiad his lain. lb rectOrds show he ass a marauder. hew, sir, that is all he did. Ile did mot extend his Asa or cootuStet over the whala at the lard in a solid manner and I do submit that 'gut term raids,' does not coot within the definitdom of esotottrer. There le nothing i the evido0o0 to show that he soother. ay loan at all. Now the ether point is as to the laslosiee et raraia'. dessendents in eagatute and Yugetltiri. So far as Pahalotv lo denseed I have stated what the minute Seek. said. There is no refes there as to conuuest by Taraia. So far as Pubotitiri ii seamrsel, there is referee. to rarala'a aonueest, but, oir, I am at less to asplain hew tie OIfln0aat me arrived at and I must sonnet explais it. But I do say that 3 far as Ts Bata/ La clowernod the only ovIdossu whiob so have rs es is that V. Natal was a Douroe of fool. The records show there was so mood to go for food there and so far as o..oeot of the land la ..rood, the avid. show. that Tub. 1ad a war party as far as Yagatutu. That, air, is the aaaalaarli at the slain for the n'alm uru people end for tits laimants ander Kahowaevoa. If you rejeet Our claim thr tigh atta ss of the bask thee vs say that at least we mould show equal oosupatioo Si Bre Lowry's elaim nt. R.: I thigh this is suitable opportunity to state forlealy that the group I represent aerie the 'homer this /look. COUNT OrIglID 20/9/51. 10. 111 oath the oeneset et my brother s aduotora I give you the name of that bates obi. I was mat able to give you pester. day - 'Battle of Tomaiewititia" (Itatuipiti of totem ni) COURT: Before ealliog on gr. Jos. I would like soma pesifla information if possible from kr. Morrissey tar the imisnos of the Court to Stable it to omee to proper doei lom la this setter. Thos. are the ,vastioos that I. hawa is al.: 1 think for the strength of your ease you are relying upon Ohs eiroematances surrounding the death of To Maui alai hie brother.? S. X. allege that those too mowers or the N'aisearulalimr UNA their live. is bat'. dereoding fe Bald Bleak? I would like to kuow Me nano f the battle, it it is gas. by ay partloularthas. I would like to gnaw zaetly where that battle too pls. I would like to kmew it rev are in a pooitiso to indicate cm the map exsetly where Iwo Natalia this battle took pls. I would else Ilho to gnaw who wore the oont adiog parties. Also I should like to noon snioh piece o: land they allegedly defended? I should like to Boos if Te dahul sad his brother were the pall two goewo oasUaltloo to that battle? I should also like to hue. whore tie rest of the denire tribe or a.-tribe wore living at that precise time. Now the last is, apart fr.m the evidsoos 1d is oviag give. la thin nourt, oem you give the lost say idea or whore it Goa leos for eerreberatios et any al the amowore you boose to give to oat The orreheratioa why meosist of las spelflo refersoose to diaoto looks, to plow or etaogard vests rOZOPriad 11, title, tie hietortoul eirsaaal" antes werreuadlog tea foots or any limlepomdeot earreberaties whatsoever whist you cos refer the Oesrt to in proof Of the foot that this alleged battle woe lo tat a peal bottle. kg. Mr 1. low the otreagth Of my Oase us are dying w the
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| 889 | </pre></Content>
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| 918 | 10. eireumetances relating to hahoi and hi nrother and I meter Your our to tea bottom or page 21, 3 linos from the bottom of Ur. Jullivente evidence. SA Hate them out speeificsUly and oleerly '.0505. 2 and 3. We ego they lost their lives in battle defending le hatai. The lane of lb Walls I aa inntrocted la Taaelaweitia. ihere is a plan I have producs in boort, prepared Op the Surber offics. 4. Sbo were the manhandles Realise? The OPPeelad Party Wee the 2'.4mituiapiti tribe (sun?tribe or dahungoeu) 5. nat piece of land did they defused': I rotor to Is: last 3 lines or Peel 21 of Or. 3ullivan'a evidence. 6, I understaed that Rahul and his brother were In only nacnsalities in the attach ? copy or page 22 dr. aolliven's evidenee. 7. rukatitu nook at that time. 0. (giving dosser later.) I Wald lihe to refer to banglitirea whom I have already mentioned. de followed on end sae the guardian of these lassie is WS time as well. I would LAO to sake this ola ar. ;he evideeee refire right up to Titioxura.
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| 949 | Naplar 2/4 2, 720/122-181, 74/215, 217-21e, 221, 721/163, 70/270, 300, 211, 316, ad, 346. Tampo 4/43 Turton's Dads No. 47, "slum 2, pages 559-161 Moak Waikats No. 2. Agrament of Loyalists with dovernant in oebodula to which To Natal 12 definitely within the area. tostipt No. 22, Valise 2, pats dOO, houndaria of Rae Tama. . This area does net, as I previously stated, go beyond the Moak Moor. 1. To establish "take. it is roornary to chow conquest sersolidated by actation. The group I aerostat, the desserts of Naramaakawa Vast their slain en the eenquost of Teaka width imolai., the son-quests of those who an rightfully be doomed his liewtemats, Towhao and Kahatapere ( of typed eepy of interim daisies in Tartars ease 23rd Juno, 11141, Pmbetitiri ease, Pakattota oast Wa. 2/99. 2. e jadgmant in Tartars states that the N'Ilneura ogre im otospatios () at the ratio of the jadgartt las to find ground for admitting newcomers who say have loot entetlat in salty and geed corsoiemeo, but the over-riding feet of the anemest by Worteport is not, in my submission, denied. N'Ithaore aro in onapation not only as loyalist. Vat aceading to tribal a tutee (). 3. Toropa, Tatum and Swage Pas vers occupied by riaisiepors amt their Pao adjoined Ts Matti Sleek. 4. W'Rineuru bosams to SOU extent merged with W'Kahotopers (-6) 1. All that faits ors consistent with only tam loterprotation that the rgabutepers mast is beyond qmesti n. As to oath, and to whet extent ant of that 'Neatest as represented by total strative satiation oecapatioe of the wale trot bad weetosta is g question for the Cart, but the fats eloarly slew that l'Eabutonero art in partial occupation a Toccata. 0. To atlas my fro frog an allotment of ears would be ineensist. ert with Tarawa at. 7. They should b allotted bigger proportion than the abstopers were allotted in the Tamara ease because of the' lactation of the three Pas and booms. of the Pakatata judgment IWO Para Taster got title as a date/dant of Turuki, a Kakutapore and a great grandson of Talmo. Also fakituau? by Nitoboll, pages 100-112 end 171/177. as Whakapapas at 0 and 1. Seas history of the teases of Tarsi' and also to show relationship betvan Tarsia and Stationers. 0a. 732/5. Waikato' of Rata Sullivan is set at sod he hews bow the various tribos of the Itatopere are anneetAd.
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| 950 |
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| 980 | IAWRY'S untmit If Tour honour pleases: I desire to associated 'rear with my brother Goooters in thanking Oho Court for the patient hearing given to the 6 weeks of this investigation. The tank of the Court has net boom an easy one. Paoters in it have tended to make it unique, and it has leen an historic ocoasien and it is the lost bleak to be investigated. When Tour Rancour oases to write his memoirs you will regard To Natal as a high- light of year judicial eareer. I wish to thank ay brother oonduotors and eetnisel for their help and se-operation throughout the pretfteted bearing. Sir, I was street today, as was everybody in this Court who know the Natal nook, with the graphic platere shish you had developed of the bleak itself. We have evidence flew r. Phillips and hr. Rama Sullivan that it is sommtalmous awl almost impassable Too will recollect that the witnesses dosoribed the diffieult nature of the suet through the bleak. V. all knew the ltstery of that track (the original Maori track which has allays been a passable track. It vas improvpd by the Selves Dreg. and we have evidence from people who have travelled through it that the Sleek Is passable. That track aotually fellows the ridge left by soiree of etroutaswItich flow through the block, but apart from this track the Sleek tool! is orestially impassable. T. Natal Sleek itself is a bastion in the Riddle of tribal lands. Those tribal lands surrounding it are the lands of the people I represent. On the eastern side we have Pakaututu block -on the north-east we have the Riots river awl em the seeth-west we have the Volute liver. Again em the mortb-west we have Shareteto So. i block. Ivory witness who spots vas umeertainClether be was on Wheretoto or Natal. lost did net know of the demareatten between the Sleeks. See the evidenee of Repot Sullivan (8) and RS Kittens (1). The map in front of Tour honour shows Whareteto Pakaututu but so Natal. Saps in use in 1186/70 did net motion Natal Sleek at all. One or toe maps showing this legality de set divide it from Wharetote by line or by strands of a wire tomes. This then lit the bleak which provided substantial amount of feed to the heart p000ls from the rivers serrounding it. Sills are still noted es the best in the distrist. The Court will agree that that map is of see as It shoos occupation to the aztent that burial places are oentiamed there, but usual types of cultivation if there were any at all sere on its fringes. There was only praetieal oeatiem es the south eastern side of the bleak, es parts of Pahaututu. here Rekine claimed coatis at Makieble and lawhai, and this is admitted by Mr. Morrissey. Tau will recall that the Rimeurus and the Tuobareteas were deened to have been intermarried and they mast have had a seamen m eting ground. That was not en Natal Sleek Wet on Pakaututs. Pakantuto was the limit of the eocepatios by the totemalota people and when keet/ate was investigated these people did net attempt to slain title. Occupation of re Natal is stained by those people immense they bed hems and cultivations al,jaeent to the soutsetern boundary, livery report isdleates that ovation of To Natal itself is sketehy, oecupetlem is practically ail, but if yen have burial grounds and dwellings em adjacent land you lave complete ooeupation of the lands at year backs to the mansion of all others. New, sir, a good deal has been said about why people did not some to the 1810 (tempt. Two of the W'Ranglita are Is the 1110 Order. The story is that interested parties did set know of the promo/dings. Deferents to Tempe 2/21 aid following page. is a emplete easier181 to the Ranglita people. The Court opened es let beember, t, , se the district had not bid alligtafatrEtaitsfe: Masi year1867s.
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| 1011 | -3- Following the pages of Minutes there ars flashers of eases board Is from the 1st December. Natal was deterulasd and the Order in reap..set of the 8380 sores was made on 3rd. Deeesber. On Nomday, ,th, the following Mooney, theme lore eases hoard, inoluding in- vestigations of title affecting vkangilta and in the list of mama of anglita on the Honda y following the =king of our Order is the name of Ts Benhou, their shief and spokoman. No was put into a list on the Monday follewing the making of OUP Order on the previous Friday. In the following year the Natal ease eat up again for oonsidoratioa at sitting on lath April, 1681 whoa again there was no appoaranse on behalf of rAanglita but at the same sitting the name of Te Keelson appears as a conductor in eases before the Court. The conclusion is clear and I adapt the raiders. of Rama Sullivan (4) that msmOta be would expect anyone interested in the land to do eamothing about it. Thera are suggestions coming from other quarters that the Klemm' people wore not represented Devon they d'd not know anything about it, and that so ono received any word about it. Ths same applies - interest would be taken in the first Court for 3 years. It is mot sonsolvalls that they should net have known about it. There are roads through and a coach .771AO. tr. gongs suggests that Taupe was vary isolated in 1880 - I suggest that perusal of the Visitors' Books at the hotels there will show that there 'ere plenty of people there even in the early days of 1880. Tango was not nearly so isolated as has been made out. There has leon a suggestion as to the probity of Terangitabau - but without making any reflection on anyone I point out that/ another whist toreworo was ales present and Mere Ka vas also put in the list. Novo Ku vas a woman of great reputation and would not have identified herself with prosoedings that were not correct. goon =MVO COUNT OTAMED 18 11/8/A1, 12jasx. Nay it pleas. the Courts at the time of the adlourmasat we bad diseassod the chief geographisal situation of the blooks the situation as it appears toss at the time of 1040 sitting at Taupe, and the situation there as far as it relates to possibility of Maoris in and around the Taupe District met being vare of the hearing. tries" to Taw, 1 whisk shows that elders of NoRanglits wore in mid around the Court ins 1681 within 1 or 3 days of Natal coming Were the Court on Its spsond ocsasion. The 81 persons wore awardedthe viols block by tWit Order, and it should not bo interfered with. Is rely on that Order, bat at the same time the Court and the parties mill impost no is Mu maws? to reply to the oases which hams boon set up by the pit: parties. In that regard I do not propose to unduly street a thor reply to the elais under Tartu. I associate myself entirely with the replies which have been given by other parties to Tartia's elaim, but I would point oat that in relation to Taraia's claim and the claim that To Natal was in an area which had hews moque by Kabutapers ono of farala's lieutenants, plan 060111sforo the Start fixes the tribal boundaries and also refers to Mr. Riddifsrd'a expert witness, Mr. McGregor (4 sf the typed minutes) where he said that the houmdary between Turberetoa and Vialusguna was the crest of the taungalararu rang. and that range is on the south sits of the tahaka. In senses with most of the opposing claims that have bean presented, we say that in this elola there is set sae tittle of evidence of continuing eseepation. Apt Tamilana's eldest' was perfeetly glean. No was savor on the block at all. Ho was on Peamtitiri (11). I admit Taraia's squint according to history bat do met admit any conquest of Natai. where h. .fnittmutaifirtztefdat: torahs Writ
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| 1042 | - 3 - if people thought they had so slain they would not troth'a to attend the Court. No slain was wade is lees at Taupe. Se repeat that Termite never conquered Natal, all test the lilts of his cenquest were many miles free the bleak. Referring to Mr. Vorrissey's claim that l'Ilneurtt had assisted Tewh retoa in defense of the block. that it MS sense defence against eommen fee, the only golde en this peint is Rarer Sullivan's, upon which Mr. Morrissey entirely relies. There is no evident. of steal assistance of the kind the Court would expect. Referenee by the witness to "we sent for the Tutemahata? and the N,Mineure millet on the Titesabeta lees net assubt to mutual assistance. The selling en the M"Tottmahate to assist N'llneeru is the ealling in stranger trible to assist one which wee in 'hanger of being overwhelmed by N'tahunganns. Any stand gas in defense of all tribal lands in the area end as people of the Twabuta were living ee whets now Pakaututu, the defence against the Nakano's= les just as mush a defeses of Pakeutata and the adjaseet tribal lands en which the Aineuru lived and bed their harks. Ur. Merrissay's elate for the N'Aineure on the grounds of oecwpation through neeessity far food is not supportwd by the facts. They admit that the rivers in their ow', lands were full of eel. All the valleys lying to th- east of T. Natal abound in food, end there wee no nesessity f r N'Nineuru to eons to the Ririe and the Kebabs or to the Sleek for food es in the ease of our people. There is no direct evidence of any kind of sets of occupation. Mr. Sullivan stated that he had been through the block. le stated that he had been at Pakaututa and be helped to erect the fence between Pakaututu and Ts Natal. Be also travelled the instant Maori track to Wheyetoto with feeeing material. There is no avid's. of any partieuler of his tribe who had actually foraged to the rivers surroandleg Metal er on the blest itself. Sr. Sullivan stated that be met through the black with fencing ire but they did no hunting er snaring of bier's. (PAS) Free all parties we have heard evident. based on wiset ancestors told the witness.. It is extraordiaary what anseetors told certain people but more extraordinary whet they failed to tell, and it seems that the aesters' story was limit. to suit each particular ogee, and gave no ever-all picture at all. n'Hirearn are not owners in the surreunding lands. T. betel is enelesed by the lands owned by N'Tatematinta bet N'llneurn ere weber. legated adjacent to the Petal Sleek. we are ie Tema block aeries the "shake from Natal. A portion et Tarsier for some stiles adjoining Natal belongs to our people. On the north-west we have tharetete No. 1 and our people are there. Just over the tittle river and adjoining the Sleek we have Tarawa,. 10C in Ukiah aro our people else. The hounder, et Tarawera So. 8 is seam distarse down the Riple. That is the closest point to Te Metal where the Hineuru are located '. Om of tee main points for the claim by rdlneura is the alleged defence of the block by Rahut and Tangatalti Cad their deaths in that defence. The site of their death is stated to he marked by a reek at the (enflames. of the lipie and Mob ks at the farthest side of Pakaututu and from Natal Sleek. Ve have not been able to diesover anything sheet battle at that Point. it was obviously as ambush and it gannet be slalom.' that they were killed in defence of the block. There is no basis for the slats under Maori custom or free historisal regord that Iimusus defended To Nate!. In answer to kr. thaws ease we refer the Court to Taupe 6/55 where the yard 0 Tauber. 'ladle was shade to Rimer. of 14,000 acres as bar share of land from Parana very sent
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| 1043 |
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| 1044 | </pre></Content>
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| 1073 | miles distant from Te Mate.; and tbere ill no evident" of osoopeti of this block by her descendants. The 'videos given is that the rights of Hinearo's descendants hove lapsed as the fire have gone oat. Claims on the other side through Tomarutonsa do cot ease down through hareem and on that ground we say that ossupation ehieb has been established on behalf of the descendants of Pareaws doss not ensure for the benefit of mesa/tots of Tomarotenga. There is no avidness of oecupation on behalf of the disputed group which itr. ahem represents. He admit" that he does net slats to be able to prove any aestivation at all. (p,27) Pew with regard to Mr. Jones' claim on behalf of witangilts Those present preeeedings are the first in Which any slain has boon made by anglita. I boon already streamed what happened in 1680 and even later when the hearing caws before Judge Oil-feather in 1924 soil again in 1928 they did not present any slats. sun, You say that this is the first occasion that S'Itangilta put forward any elate? Is it not feet that you yourself have made admissions in favour of member' of Ramat tribe? Does that rear that the persons whom you soy belong is tangiita and that you are prepared to admit into the title, does that mean that they have a claim to be included in the title? bffeD Yee, sir. That is so because there partly through Tutemahota and partly through aangiita. To Kiln Wi Ketone is a man of nature years; gave "olden of ties district down to Te Metal whey travelling across fres his tome at Talmo - 14 hours by horseback (6) gown. Sr. Jones explained that the bulk of the people had bases within every few miles of Metal - seaside homes. 72 um. I say that near their tomes there was plenty of food for the "nngiita peeple. I de set dew, that Wi Kateoe's noels nay not have been perfectly servant when be said there were fibbing places in the Notate and nista rivers. What wee extraordinary is that Wi Eaton' vent rowed this area with his uncle, but never at any stage was be told about the history of the else or the ownership of the lands (9). If at that dote, about 190n, nethingwas said to the wittiest; shoat any slabs of his elders to this lama, it is very sitnifisastt, sir, and I draw the Court's attention to it. Post some to my Min sebelssiens on behalf of/Meets. An Order was made in favour of tbs. 21 people in laso, and I rest op whole ins en that. T submit that sap ease rests en the 1860 Order and I wish to drew Tour Honour's attention to the roost why. On 3rd Deoest-er, 1080, at Taupe, Judge Sywomds made am Order in favour of these 31 people. luring the course of the sitting a reduction in the area was sad, for reason of the sonfiscation. at the very sommoneement of this hearing the Court went to lot of trouble to explain to the Maori people bat Motion 27 of the 1924 Lot really leant. I adopt Yew letwor's vise en the effect of that Seetion, and the offset of that motion bas complete bearing or the Order. Section 27 says a 'ghat notwithstaoding..tbe land shall henceforth be deemed to be Maori land and the title, stilts Under the authority of that statute the Court and the people are entitled to ignore the oenfiscation, and the rights of the Maori people before the date of the proolanatioo of 1e87 are all restored. In December, 1230, the Court made as Ceder in favour ol 31 people for 83110 area. Subsequently, en being informed of the confiscation the Court reduced the area. It pale final Order in favour of the sap 31 persons info Matta Jo. it 234 acres -the Court has not dome what it intended to do.
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| 1104 | -6\_ I adopt the view expressed by Judge Gilfedier in 72/22i when be stated that it was the intention of the Court at that time to give the Block, whatever it. aersage might be, to the people whose names are set out in the Minute Book. Wow, sir, that judgment is illuminating heesono :odd. Oilfedder had daeovered during the course of the heating in 1826 the same difficulty in regard to proof of mo,upation, and what be stated in Court is very similar to what Your Honour has said that in fact there is little or no occupation. 021, I can only stress again the risk and danger of the position you are adepting. here you -ely entirely on an Order of the Court by which T Satai Block was awarded to 31 people. ?-ow that weans then that you rely on that Order bemuse it was the ?arrest Order. Well, then, you ooze along and say it is not serrest Degauss the Order should have included certain names which are found in Bineuru and certain names which are found in Mr. Jones' people. You say. we are prepared to admit that. If so, the Order wee wrong. kA. ',AW, le rely absolutely on the 1860 Order in tote but whom we find people of the same ancestral familias as out 31 people we have the right to put in people we think are entitled. Pe are not asking for amendment of the Order. we are saying that on the Award se will put In descendants of the people 'Aware of the same ancestry, and so have earned some rights in the block. 01MIt Those people apparently are not covered by sweeession? y,. LAWRXt There may have been sone good reason for including ever or two people that have been referred to. It is quite a usual thing for Maoris to ,'ben. their benefit with other Maoris. olum, They could have done that when the Order of 1580 was made. 2. LAWAX, we do not want to set as a deg-in-the-manger - if there are some present-day Maoris entitled to benefit we are willing to share. counl, Are you admitting Mr. Morrissey's clients and Mr. Jens. clients out of kindness of heart, or are you admitting them because you know they should be in? LAWaTs We are admitting them from a sense of justice. We SAM insist on only these 31 people being th the bleak but we think that today there are some ethers who should be in toe. we say that if we had insisted on the 31 people only es would hew appeared =fait to eertain people who are living today, and we propose to admit them en the allocation of shares. WO recognise that these 31 people got in through anoeetri and a measure of occupation. The present-day people that we propose to allow in, will be given the same ancestral rights er the sane benefit of occupation that the Court gave to us. There are others whose slain,' are opposed as they do not emend through the same lines. I have given reasons whywe reject thee. /heoauso we in fast announce prepared to =Mbar list, when we get en Award, stiwtHilia should not be used spinet as and I do not think it would be fair to say that we challenge the 1840 Order. We have not done that, are are not challenging that Order - the original Order was mule on the 3rd neceaber, 1680 - it sae the following day, 4th Dees/L-w that the subsequent amending Order was sad,. I Slab. it that on the passing of Section 27, 1924, everything that occurred free the evening of 3rd Beeember is to be ignored. The Court pat these 31 people in to 6660 sores and then ease what in teams of Ileetlen 27, 1924 I as entitled to call a eimeonos tion Many a heart has :ggirtlhr drgellt;k 11 11:
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| 1135 | - 6 - prepared to adult some other persona. COOFTI You are eriticised because of the terms under whist, you are admitting those people. If there is an Order sees In ravour of 31 people the presumption is that that Order 1. Tien. Ts not that so? Pr. JALE6X. sir. Can: Then years after someone cones along and says we rely on that Order in toto you are saying today that that Order right. Well, yoe oennot come along in the saes breath and say that whore there ars 3 members of a famil7 inoluded in the 31 and we now find thews are 3 members related, then we will put the other man in. 't is quit), on your part but you aye not relying on the ?vise. 141t. Id ant we rely on the 0-der and me ask for an Award based en that Order. The inclusion of the present-day is a different step in the proceedings. Among those 31 names there 111 De only one of the original named included vb.', the lists are settled and that will be the name of le Fwd. We are going to put names in ow. lists to make a fair and gettable division in 19ol. We bass that or the Order of 1814 and on the reasons by which the Court must hare boon guided at that time. Ti this ease there is little oonolusive evidence en the question of occupatior. But it falls within the principles laid down by Chief Judge Seth Smith in 1691 . Sefl in the deelni Bleak where oonnpatioo was scanty. 2 refer the Court to that pulls-moat. isim, What is the oecupation that your people really rely on? ;74 Alit hrely, or the exclusive -fight to fish the Itiple g on the Voisake - evidence of WI 'tater. (0) Ls for as possible T have beer atteeeting to answer yew Tat of the mouths o, our orporents, as that seems the letter way to do. We also rely or the record in the 109e Court, where there is a volume of evident. by Peers Retina that our people tee lived at Wakirek1e and franc-Ids,' by varoa Sullivan that our people were at Wakiekie. ge do not know what discussion took place between Judge Symonds ird the applicants in the early stages of the lee? proceedings oil we know is what appears in the Innate., and that the wider. of Seri to TRU?! and Pangitahan was accepted by the Court on that coeasion. Also the, wax arparently ,affieiont evidence in 192e to enable Judge Oilfedder to find that surly one or two persons in the list had actually oc-upted the bleak. ;owls., Car youtell rs, are these 31 ovn -s of So. owners in Wharetoto and Tapas? gp. LAWRX: Yes, all of thee. 3t Do they exhaust the list to nhareteto end wm? YR. J066?, Sy people are there including cortein Hineares. NI. IARBTt The 'angiitas have b4en awarded separate areas. OBI, non you ads the expression our people , do you mean the whole of t,e Tutesahutas or lo you mean the 31 people whom the Court chose to put in? UR. Lll(v The 3). 222111 Then you only mean a amnion of the Satemahates. For the rest of the Tutenahutas you ednit no elate at all. lby were those 31 seleoted from the tribe? IR. Leans With the exception of 2 of thee, Saab of thew is a
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| 1166 | descendant of Pareawa and em people plain under that line, and elal that eaoh one had the benefit of occupation. gOUAT: Did Parses have any other descendants who are not in the 31. fg,\_2MIX: !linear?, of course. eby is Hines, not in? Yn. LAWEIi Hilmar? vas awarded be- lards elsetibere to satisfactlot of her share of the lards in this line, and the almond ants of Sincere are or the other side of Leke Taupe and have sot kept their fires horning in this area. COURT: Assuming that you are sueeessful in your elate, what inpultiee would be done to your people If the Order of the Court vas on similar lines to aharototo? The 31 are in Wheretote The 31 are in tapapa - The 21 constitute the whole of Octal to. 1 -what injastiee is done to the Tuterahnta people if the Order is based on Iltaretoto order? XP. 1,0 No court really does en injustioe, but vs say that Justice is only done tf the 31 people already rut to that part of Wharatato adjacent to natal are aaarded this Block. Not people who had their hoses at a great distance from the bleak. MIAIgnit I quoted a judgment which said they were intermingled. ape. LAWRY1 It is a fact that when the rd., of subdivision was mad the people he refers to were not put in Tapesa and eheretoto adiacant to l'atei itself. heir olsies to it are very slander. COUTtl 4re any of your people in 2akaututu' OR. Lkilip Coe vex, but we plain he was pat in there for other reasons, not by Weer! custom. Se are now discussing a plan made by a surveyor - total is part of en ancient area. S=hut This :s how it strikes as at themament. You am= have big area embracing Inwiretoto Tarawera, Tapapa ete., and then as time passes along a lot of these blocks were put into occupation list. eta., and it became necessary to get then put into different areas, bet Into the old tribal boundaries but according to new survey plane. When the Court investigated the title they pat the mare owners in for those Kaska. Nov whet it smell's to me in regard to the Order Is this -that betel ems part of big tract of,..trIkAottntry, I think, it vas Tumbaretcm country. and it was an -,Miod'".1. part. It was part of their tribal lands, almost a reserve, oo.on fishing ground, etc. low when the tribal land ones to be cut op into bleak by the Loveyors they took a piece off hetCend off there, and so they went round and at the end they were left with their tribal historical fishing and hunting ground. Now that is the reason why it sees that thene beg been no evident. of ocaspation of hatei and there saver was any, but if Mate! had been investigated along with Sharetoto you would probably find sane owners. I a. speaking from experience and knowledge of That Courts do. Theca Emeks were lievestigtelY and fimal no are left with this little piece of lead as the last piece to be settled. I recognise that you are in a very strong position. You tan behind you not a Court Order bet an investiipa. 'ion by the Court umber eireometancee which would hare resslted in a certain Order being made had these speolal eireumstanees sot titi'itotrOrglrtgnsAforlonintgly, giehirOuntiti,"s
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| 1197 | - y - that that's was ark investigation in ION Inds this very Bloat, and that vas the decision the Court was prepared to gems to, ant rot ask with son. justifieation that this Court will some to a similar decision. I admit that that is a strong ease - stronger than any of the others have to start with. Ulnas. you have a ease - you say yes rely on this. Then the others have to posh int. that list. They tar. very difficult job. Tau an see what Is troubling me. It is my opinion that if N were investigatiag a leek on its merit. I do not think any of the panics would be entitled to moose/ to To natal, Immense I think it say well le that yea /ma all establish a Maternal right, bat the oxteat of eectupetlea that any can prove would not justify an independent award. the people are able to establish osonpatiou in certain of the surreandiag kiosks, and having the tral rights it was inferred that they has rights ovum this geantry. / de set thisk the Order. want any tartaer than that. I do net sae hoe they old have dam anything she. I do not see how this Court am adept any prissiple at variance with what vas don. in those partisan? eireamtanses. /hat is why 1 asked you about the ovnership of Wherstste aad Tapapa and also of Pakamtutu. yp. 15I, Quoted 1000, 18e0 and 1116 investigatiems.
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| 1227 | <Content><pre>
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| 1228 | II MATAI NLOCK OF INTINTIOATIOR Al. JOWN8' AD7AKAN Mr. Jones first gave thanks to Court, legal representatives and feilow conductors. The Court then stated that this mai very difficult case - very sketchy material to go or. approach this ease from another angle and have some diffidenee in mentioning it. It appears to ma that solo firsthand knowledge of the geographisal aspect of the locality might be helpful to the Court. In other cases the Court has often thought it advisable to sake a visit of inspeetion. I understand this block an be relished in an hoar's run from Te Karate. I "lentil this, sir, because the geography of the locality will enter into the question. This is of some importanee with regard to the question of accossability to Te tats! by the various parties claiming it. My impression is that the country between Te Natal and To rote comprises some of the most hilly timbered country batsmen this (magi and Lake Taupe, and although it say be about 10 Riles from To tarot( as the stow flies, to reach Te Matai over the country that is there, is another matter altogether. Wbereas, approaching it fres Lake Taupe, the country is flat end easy rolling land with open valleys. When you see it from the main road you will see that there was no difficulty whatsoever for the N'Tateuabuta or the 1r Te Ranglita to to from their lakeens bases to Te Metal. Malti Te Metal comprises 9000 acres odd. In up opinion at least 4/6the of it is precipitous steep hilly country. hot roads( In the oath eastern sorrier between Rakeututu we have edImparativeJ saall area of bly habitable land. On the north side ay la- pression is that from Wharetoto block until it gets dawn to Nig hen and then into towards Matti Blocks there is a comparatively small area there whist is more or lass accessible. And en the western side, which is nearest to Taupo and the side where we halm Natal No today, I understand that the approaches are such better. Then only for a oemparatively small distance within the block. The souther boundary end part of the south eastern boundary we taw" the Utah and the Ripia rivers. I think that on the Natal side of the Wetaka but to a lessor degree on the Matai side of Alias, we have ',Testi/sal: a precipitous approach. do such so that the Taupe people whe allop ly cams to Sabah River to fish for eels had to do it from the Paha, tutu side. That is the impression left in ey mind. 4/Otte inteav: bush not readied ant difficult to cross. The approach from the sea is an impassable ono, but the impression is defihite in sy mind the' the approach from the Taupe side is the best of a bad lot. Nothing more than that lies to it. 011ea: I understand there is a plan which the Lands Department he made available to the Court of the Metal Bleak which shows, on its face the contour or charseter of the ?pantry. That will be very helpful MR. JORR8i Juet one other point in aonnestioe with the geography may mention at this stage that when you mention Where! and Tapapa blocks you deal with the sass people. That being so, it is very difficult to imagine some strange people eamrsising rights of ownership on Ts Matai without resistance from tbepeople of What tote and Talmo, There is also anotber block called Mengatalmolca. I have not ',hooked up evidence regarding ewnership of it, bat we ha evidence that it is a Tueharotoa block, as it is es mentioned is th Taupo-nui-a-tla ease (Taupe 5/191) Pr000edieg to deal mitt t matter of the original order of the Court of 1500. The first paint indicated in the way we approached the ease in the beginning. We say that To taagitaltau and those associated with him left emt Easy who were equally entitled to a share in the title. The Court in tb early days was not tally alive to making certain enquiries which to the Court does. Wu are not certain of the notice given and the
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| 1229 |
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| 1230 | </pre></Content>
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| 1259 | - 2 - sissies themselves, which have been described as eketehy, are not very helpful in giving us any idea of the extent of the Investigation made by the Court before the Order was made, ag2/: Under circuostance such as that ars you justified in assum- ing that these people did hot have nett / ,I. Jong. Tt is very difficult for us to say with any certainty what notice was given. One point strikes you. We find that one, Hort Tauri, whose brother ireau to Tauri is ineluded, appearing before the Court and making a slain. We must assume that hishrother was already in, as his name appears in the list, when Bert puts for. his lain. Big claim 'however, is opposed by To Rangitahau but his name is finally put in. Dealing with that point and the knowledge of the proceedings that the people may have had I would soy the fact that Bent nano, who was a straight-out N'Te Ian/lite was included is significant and the reason why she was included me because she vas one of the N'Te Rangiita who happened to hear of the proceedings and made it her business to see that she was included. It has been given in evidence that she was included because she was an adopted child. There is a conflict of evidence in the Tutemobute came on this point. One witness said she was included because mho married chief of the utemohuta. We contend she was included Degauss she was entitled as a T, Rangiita. We get 'confirmation in the Wharetote Block ;oft-sent that she was a person of importance because, of the many people who got into that block, special mention was made that she was entitle, to the land in the Locality Galled Otupsa. (Taupe 0 Wharetoto Judgment.) Special mention in judgment of the Court that she was entitled to have her interest located there. We, say, sir, that if she was ugh a person as to receive a 'postal award in Wharetoto in an area adjaeant to Te Metal, it is certain that ehe got into Te natal in her own right as a Rgati Ts Rangiita. There is evidence, too, of the fact that the name Ts Natal was applied to a legality extending from Big Ben and right into Te natal. Block, and that is similar to our contention that To Natai could very well be part of the Wharetete Block. There has been no special feature about To Rata! Block to show that the 31 people who were included in it had sere special right to exclusive ownership. One could understand it if the area was a closely settled piece of land where there are cultivations belonging to a tautly and family groups, but when we have an area 'bleb is not habitable, it becomes different thing. The whole story points to the fact that it vas valuable to the Taupo people for the tens rivers that bound it on two sides. That is the Wohaka and Ripia. Rat snaring has not been specially mentioned during this case but one can say that that sort of thing was quite a common pursuit among the old-time Maoris. The question of eels has already been given in evidence. This hao a epeeist significance as far as Taupo people are comeerned because eels could mot be found in ether eaters in the district other than Te The only rivers is the district for eels were the Bohaka and Ripia. Even today it is moosnieod that the best eels come from that part. And that is why the Taw, people yore anxious to go to Te Natal. NOW dealing with the matter of this Order we are eoneerned with, records show that sitting took plasm at Ornanui. There were very nary settlements located along the lakeside and others were dotted about from Taupe to Putaruru. In 1880 Oraerrai was an isolated settlement of the Taupo people. Well off the beaten track, and as a matter of fact shortly after 1880 they had all their sittings at Taupe. So the Court sat at Oruanui and I could easily imagine that the greater bulk of the Taupo temple would not know what vas veins on at Oruanui. (all references tor, Court sitting at Oruanul was made in error - see end of Ir. Jones' address) The other fact wbioh is very strange is the fact that lie find from the records that this land was actually sold before the ownership was determined, so that, added to the other points nentione(
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| 1260 |
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| 1261 | </pre></Content>
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| 1289 | <Content><pre>
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| 1290 | - 3 - makes the whole proo dings suspect. At that time, too, sir, as 1 mentioned during the proceedings, the Tao lands were dealt with a various places outside the district. Cambridge and Otorobenga were venues for Court sittings. It took several days on horseback or on foot for the Taupo people to attend these Court sittings. As a matter of feet there is evidence on record ethical woad indicate the difficulty the Taupo people bad in attending to their native land court business. In one reference we have sow. of the elders memoing to the Court that they were short of food (2eaupo 5/271). Then on another omesioe people ask for adjournment bemuse they have to attend Court sittings at Napier (Taupe 2/264). Another reference is in Taupe 2/52 - bottom of page. All these things I respectfully submit, sir, support our contention that the 1680 Ord. would not have been of the nature that we are now dealing with if the hearing had taken plane et a later date when all the people who are entitled to be included in the title would have bed en opportunity of attending the Court. In this particular ease I met draw the Court's attention to the fact that the W'Tutemahuta case ha not made out any point for exclusive ownership meeting occupation which falls down when look et the evidence of Te Pal. They have not brought any other evidence forward to show why the 31 people arm entitled to exelmive ownership. On the other hand they have had to admit the names of a number otaople whose parents were wrongly left out of various family groups in 1680. UM, In the early stages this bad all the indications that it would be quarrelsome ease and hr. Lawry who represents those 31 people and his clients when they said se will admit se and so, it vas merely a gesture on their part to get the case settled on a friendly line. They made certain concessions - "if this will c/ear the air, well we will make these maessions. There is always a danger in doing that because you nose along and say they are foreed to admit so and so - that is not so. Mr. TOrlift tith all due respect, sir, my impression is they were admitted beeause their claim for inclusion could net be ignored. I said I would sake some reference to Court Minute Books to show the difficulty people had in attending to their Native Land Court business - these referenses are Tam 2/52, 2/53, 2/254 and 6/279. Now in cases suet' as this where a somparatively mall group of people out of a large number of webers of a hapu are msleet ed to own a certain area, my experienee has pointed in most instances to an arrangement by the tribe for s certain group or certain indirid ale to be admitted to the ownership of a specified area for some specific purpose. For instants , the land eight be sold subsequently and the may used for the cost of the survey, etc. of tribal lands and the arrangement for a satiric area vies to facilitate the transactor. There is theme. of any such evidence as to why these 31 people got this block and then sold the land before the land was clothe with a title. In To Metal it might have heppened that the money was intended to be used for some tribal purpose. it this distance it time from the events one tries to find sews reason for the award to the 31 people out of a lot of other tribal representatives. One cannot help trying to find a reason for it, end I respatfully suggest that if in this instance that was the purpose for confining the title to 31 people, then that purpose yes never carried out bemuse we learn now that the pashas. sorer and the survey costs are a oharge upon the land, and whoever eventually owes Ts Mini will be saddled with the repayment of that aseomnt. So that reason if that was the explanation for the order, no longer exists. I submit that in approaching the matter of ownership of Te Ma tai, one is bound to refer to adjoining blocks. I have already mentioned Wharetote and Tapapa and in referring to Wharetoto we have the resord here in Taupe 8/261 of 1966, which Ores inter ails the judgment if the Court as follows , The evidence The Court went on to say "There is no evidenee..mob ellaation must be made according to value to be decided by profess-
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| 1291 |
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| 1292 | </pre></Content>
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| 1321 | - 4 - ional experience. That was in 1888, a year later by arrangeaent announced by Mr. Crace (Taupo 10/331) they amide partition to which Mr. Lawry has made some referente during these proceedings. Hit has endeavoured to show that because the areas awarded to my people are some distance away from Te Natal., that was en indieetion that they had no right to Te Biala. The same thing applies to Tapapa Blook. e Court records show that when the partition was made in Tapapa Block the purpose was to separate the people who were living at Tokaanu from the people who were living at Taupe. From that there could not be adduced that they had any special right to that Block. The partition was for the purpose of separating these people so as to enable them to deal with their basin. without having to go from one end of the lake to the other when conferring with their ao-owners. I".- Lq! I an not claiming the whole of the block. The lino of least resistanos in the matter of preparing a list of owners for T. Matai would be to adopt the list for Wharetoto Block. I hesitate to make this suggestion because at that time there would be speeial stream-',tine's with the Wharetoto owners in preparing the lists - For instance a man may desire to have his wife included - someone rendered some service and was rewarded by including him in the list, and in some oases lines have died out since then. I submit that the list should be b-ought up to date by making a new list of owners represent ed by living persons in place of, and as representing the Rumen. who are now dead and based on the whakapapas lodged with the Court during this hearing. Mat What would be the result? Would you claim 1/3rd and let the others have 2/3rds? yR. JORIti The basis I bad in mind W41 something of that sort. I have had experience as imagist. and Clerk of the Court a and have often been consulted by Indies in easel sugh as this, and I have approachd this problem in a similar manner to which the Courts , I have been associated with have donai end the proportions battened as I respectfully bait are about right with retard to Te Natal. (Reciteet by Yr. Piddiford to lodge copy of Minutes re Tarawers) Dealing with Yr. Riddiford's ease I refer to judgment and make observations. (Wa. 8/73) Sir, I think the difficulties confronting my friend are insurmountable. During the coarse of the proceedings his ease hts been severely punished in Bross examination, and I think my friend. are, in the words of a boxer, 'panoh-drunk' but they won't lie down. Firstly, in dealing with this claim of W'Rehungune ea arc faced with this preposition. From mg, friend, Mr. Morrissey, me lean they have guardians to the approaches of this land and dying in debonair of it. On the other hand we have the evidence in 1640 of ' Paora Tarot's-mend Kahungunu definitely coming over the lohaha River and aro su sssss fel in being inelnded in Pakaututu Block. Later on reference is gado to Court findings, and that finding definitely places Pakaututu and To Mats/ on the Turste side of the boundary. In 1889 W'Xineuru guardians, if their story is to be aecopteit, failed in their duty. I think we have not far to look why Tarok lute Pakantatu, net through any ancestral right wader T,ruki but became Tareha happened to be the loyalist leader and he pressed his As a matter of fact it looks to no as if there vas no battle at all when To Raba and Tamgataiti wire killed. If the battle was of comb great importance I should have imagined it would have boos mentioned in the Tartness case and Minutes. I make the assertion that this is the first time they have boob mentioned in that respect. That is, as guardians of the approaches to Tumbaretea tribal leads. One other point, Paora Torotoro getting palit the 1.,41.s eeptenpora}riritl T: WetioNinirii!!9'do T iauf4tAlt I. at
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| 1322 |
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| 1323 | </pre></Content>
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| 1352 | - 5 - ancestor in ,Okantitta be must have succeeded in making a breach in the tribal boundary sometime back in history and about the time of Te Anhui and Tangataiti. Oro other point in connection with Pakaututu that might be mentioned - we find a reference before the investigation when the title was awarded to Paora Torotovo and his b co-ownerstln the minutes of the Court there is reference to the fed that Pakaututu is in the confiscated territory and the application then before the Court was dismissed on that account. (Re/9) and later we have Mr. Mamlym stating that the land wee definitely within the confiscated area but the Government would allow case to proceed. What happened boh i the seems is what I suggested earlier that the authoritie bad agreed to release the block ow Tareha's representations. If there was any substance in Poore Torotoro's claim that he occupied the block it is rather strange that in one year they bevy sold it. It so happens that about 8 month. ago I was involved in ease in the Waikato district over lent like Pakaututu in the Waikato confiscated area, end me found there, in an area of 3000 acres the only land that still resales Maori Land happens to have been awarded tithe people who were meettrial,. entitled. The rest which had been awarded to people who were not aroesttrally entitled, had been sold within a year of the Court's orders.. Before the ink was dry. As a natter of fact one entry by the Maori also makes seme reference in the Pakaututu ease to a claim by a woman who stated her ancestor was Maruawahine, a Tueharetoa ancestor, and shortly after her evidence was given Tareha left the Court, apparently because he efts annoyed the land was not being awarded to loyalists. The oemposition of the Pakaututu list of owners does not bear out the tribal oltm put ford by Paora Torotoro. As I have already said one was a Tueharetoa woman, who displayed courage in intruding among the Mahungunu claimants. The other point I wish to bring up now should prove fatal to the claims of Kahmngunu and this is in connection with shat is known as the Taupo-oui-a-tda case. Rene we have an investigation of the land under Tawharetoo ancestors and we have full representatien of the leading chiefs of the surrounding tribes. POP the tahanguse we have lbsbania and Paramena. One witness for Mr. Dideiford said that these man mare men of consequenoe, Ihakara Rapine differed with regard to Raihania. Remlever, these men mere there and there for the purpose of watching and looking after the interests of their people in this ease, the interests of Rahungunu, and after giving everybody an opportunity of bringing forward any points they wished bp make before the boundary was finally fixed, the Court proceeded to give judgment, and that is contained in Sauna 4/3S (lead) further reference to this matter of the tribal boundaries in Taapo 23/89. In the Court'sjudgment the boundary is des- cribed, 4/8S, the line of whisk is relevant to the case before the Court. Describe the line commencing from Raupehu - line sheen on that plan clearly shows that Ts Matti Block is within Tatipentii-a-tia Block and is therefore Tumbaretoa land to which the N'Iabunguna cannot possibly have any claim. I refer Court to Plan No. 996 free Auckland Survey Office. (Map produced No. WS) con This sap in 1888 was deemed to be an authority and influenced that judgment. ME, 1 read extract from Judgment A. an indicated of the value placed by the Court on the judgment I nave just referred to, lie have the Tempo23/Se, Reference by Judge Oilfedder. The block then being dealt mith vas Te Ratan Block. I submit that a judgment of that nature, basked up by evidence before the Cou,t cannot lightly be set aside to enable a claim by N'Kuhungunu to be considered. ;OM ADJOURNS]) 10 P.
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| 1353 |
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| 1354 | </pre></Content>
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| 1383 | N COURT 'S-OPEMED 2 When the Court adjourned for lunch I was under the impression I had finished with Mr. Widdiford's ease but I have just tinselled the feat that he mertioned to me that he proposed to make some reform,e to a book entitled Turton's Deeds. I would like to make an observation, and that is, although very valuable as historisal record these Deeds have been a source of mary forlorn hopes or the part of our people and petitions to Parliament bared on some evidence of past transactions with Pakehas - it is my submission that on the evidence before the Court the ease for N'gahunglinu must fail and their claim rejected. Dealing with the Shears case, Mr. Morrissey has endeavoured to make point of the fast that the Te Betel Block is mush bearer to the settlement of his people at To Heroio than it is to the homes of W'Panglita and Tutemehuta - I said earlier it was claimed to be within an hour's journey of N'gineuru - It now transpires and I am told there is a road from gaoler through to Puketitiri and from there to Pakaututu and that there is no read from Te Hereto at all. A matter of several hours to roach Pakaututu. Then he makes reference to our people and he has quoted from evidence of half a day's journey. In making that reference he is of course referring to the lakeside settlement of our people. We already have it or record that there were other homes at Patehe, Omatangi and other place. in the locality of Te Metal. Evidence in record would indloate that oar people lived at those places and in that locality right up to the time when Wharetoto Val leased. It looks as if it was leased before Te Koeti'm trouble. started (Reaopo 6/146 at bottom of page) UM. What is the accessaity to Pakaututu? 4R. JO/Zit Well, sir, I hay, not studied Pakaututu position with re- gard to aoeessability. I focused ay attention on Te Metal I think the most precise desoriptio- mg is given by Paora Itokine when he described the land between Ts Metal. and Pakaututu as being very hilly country. Tapapa and gharetoto you can locate boundary of To Natal by following the coarse of the Ririe and Wohaka Rivers. At that point I am given to understand the Mohakm river is a stream and one can quite easily wade across. game applies to Wipia. The evidence we have of Te Parse gallivanis that the eel fishing and other sources of food centred round Ts Hereto. There was no need for N'Hineura people to go as funks T. Mabel for that purpose. COLM: Then you admit that there are members of N'Bineuru who are entitled to cos into this block and we can find those members in the title list of Wharetoto. You are aware that Mr. Morrissey does not limit his claim? ge does not depend so much on occupation of Wharetoto as on shut and his brother. xa-Lum. Yes, sir. I may add In my opinion a claim based on the fact that Babel and Tengataiti were killed while they were guardians of the approaches of the tribal lands can hardly be put up as a claim to the whole of Ts Natal. block. It would appear that it is some dista e from ve Metal - it is at Pakaututu where they were killed. 'ea admit that there are members Of the le/Rosana who have equal rights with W'Rangiita7 ja,Z2E11: I will qualify that - their inclusion would not be as ineura but as members of the Tuwharetoe. I refer particularly to Te Waroa's family. MEV ire you claiming on behalf of allltenglita people? hit. 147E?, Tes, sir. That is of angilta who are descendants of To gangituamstotoru. There are many other sections who oan claim descent from the ancestor, Ter ganglita but who have no claim to Te Motif 221131,
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| 1384 |
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| 1385 | </pre></Content>
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| 1414 | - 7 - Vr)UPT., There is some difference between the position of the vliireuru sub-tribe and the Rangiita sub-tribe? JOYilt They are also partly Kahungunus and ire some on thee, tribal qua-rely it vas often very dt"ficalt to aseertain on which side the N'Hineuru were. That alone is one reason why sections of those people would not properly coo. within the /whereto', claim to the lithe. Daring the course of thee proceedings our claim vas narrowed down to 'no, Pipirt. the younger son of Te Rantituamatotare. The utemohuta have set up an exclusive claim in the name of the descendants Pareawa and Tutemohuta. In the claimants list of 31 names other irdividuals are included with utemohuta and they are N'Rantiita and the one, I particularly refer to are descendant of To Rene. biravea, the elder son of Te Rentituamatotoru under whom we plain. Te Rangituamatotoru vas a high chief. He was descended in an unbroken rale senior line from the ancestor, Te Rangiita, and in bls lifetime Te Rantituaratotora was recognised as high chief of his people and he ine instrumental in getting the halms and the eastern eide of the lake together as a powerful tribe. 4 wan buried on the sacrel island of Motataiko on Lake Taupe. Tr confining our nese to descendants of Ptpiri one important branch hes been loft out on a limb. They aro not In the 31 people or in those that have been admitted later. Thayer domain ants of Tamaira second son of Rene/drawee. Rather difrieult to ignore claims of Tanaira people. They happen to be N'Rantiita and are left out. Peel duty bound to mention their claim. The fact would be this, that i , for instance, our people were ertitled to e eertmin ',amber of shares and the Court felt that the Tamable family should also he included, then Imo. provision in the shares by way of an addition might be considered. Now going on with the ri'llancita claim, I reknit the wT1,1- en. before the Court now establishes a claim ander both ancestry end occupation. Dealing w the matter of ancestry I think it would be just as well to make referenda. at Usti, point, and they are contained in Taupe 0/222, 4th linel 228, 8 linos from the bottom; 234, 5th paragraph and b/92-92 and all those references have equal application to N'Rangilte and /0Tutomehuta, and they seaport the claim set forward et the commenterent of this ease by the 3 parties repress ted by Mr. Lawry and Cr. Morrissey and myself that Manua-wahine, Rurupoto and Tuwharetoa were the anasetore of this land. Now, sir, in Taupo 4/41 end 42 there is a list of 141 hapus who were accepted by the Court and adopted as part of their judgment in the Taupe-nui-a-tia ease as being the hapus within the boundary in the plan 599b. in the list we have Marmawabine, Kurapato, Hineuru and Rangiita tribes and a number of others. I Submit that as far as the ancestral claim is concerned we are on very fits ground. With regard to occupation, To Metal /Slack has bees given in evidence as pert of fishing -eserve of people who occupied surrounding lends. it has been given in evidence sad an article appeared in yesterday's "Dominion. mentioning the fact that no eels could be found in Taupe District. I do not think that could be denied in any way that though these eels were mot so important where Rineurus are concerned, but was of great moment as a valuable food supply to the Taupo people - the rTutewohuta and IrTe Rangiita. Te Elko Wi Raton.. evidence gave some intereating particulars of the fishing in and around To Matti Sleek at page Id of notes of evidence he made reference to the place called Wharetelhhi as being 10 or 12 chains off the bush on Te Natal. Mr. Lawry had a sketch plan during the last proceedings and that plea Shows an open area very close to the ideality indicated by tile witness as being the site of the place/ galled WherttOPmw/. ay angle pointed oat..'
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| 1415 |
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| 1416 | </pre></Content>
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| 1445 | This place Is described as a camping place for eel fishing. leference to this sketch plar would show that Wbaretopuni is actually on To Metal. Eike WI Eaten. also states that he was not aware that Pe natal had been tweeted as a separate block and thought it was part of Wharetoto Block. There is some corroboration If this in Kari nautaranui's evident - vide evidence na. 89/227. I have already made some referent to the judgment of the Court in Wharetoto Block where these people are described as being so intermingled by marriage that the Court found it impossible at that time to divide the block between them and there is also a somewhat similar reference in regard to Tapapa people in Tokaann 19/97-331. also 12/198. The Tapapa Orders referred to Isere interlocutory and the Partition Orders were finally made or 3th February, laat. The evidence says that Wharetopuni was a camping place. We say that all that can be said with regard to exercising nghts of ownership over To Natal by n'Tutemahuta can equally be applied to the A'langiita with this exception that in the Alpia the fibbing was done exclusively by the E'Tutemahuta. During this hearing and other proceedings In oonneetion with To Metal refereneas have been made to hoses on the bleak -Te Poal said they stayed permanently on the block for 20 years. T am criticising that evidence as not being reliable because we have rot had any corroboration of that fact. Is Foal in gross. examination was not very convincing about having lived on the block for 20 years. We say that the 'Aden. given by Kiko 111 Ketone is the most straight-forward solderc in this case. He describes the 'ishing, and what be observed or his visits to To Metal. We also have evidence that one, To Tauri vas killed in the vicinity of this block and his death to the tribal wars with the W'Kehumgunes. There is evidenc, thatTe Mashes who averted Te Tauri's death, died in 1846 (Taupo 11/117) so that oat people were definitely in the locality of To Watel in 1840 which is the crucial date in Ukase O1. COURT: Was there a battle on the west rr fide of Te Metal between ahunrunus and To Taurii 4P. JOEL': it was in the nature of a raid and that led to open oar with the N'Kehunnunus who brought to several other East Coast tribes. Several battles - as far up the Boast as labia Peninsula - date, 1833, a battle was fought at To Bahia - eeries of battles arising out of death of Te Tauri, whose valour in battle Ss referred in the lamort by To Boohoo. We clan have further referen s where the M'Hineurus and MiTutemahutas went to the assistance of N'Whanaurangi. Se have 'here a picture of the fightirr strength of the Taupo people being centred on the Whaneurangi - who are the same people es W'Rangiita. Evidence of this given during this hearing (Xiko Wi IC,tene' evidence). corn: A big bulk of your people were living or the shores of Tanpo? Pc, sir, They had lakeside homes and there were other homes within miles of Te Metal- These submissions apply equally to the N'Tut?mabuta. They moved away from those bowel when the Pakehas came. ey moved away from their lands to their present hoses near the Previouly they lived in largo numbers on the lands adaeant to To liatai. I think 111,. tarwrryy will agree that that is the position, and they still went beekvor and forwards to those homes until the Wharetoto lent was leased. 1867)
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| 1446 |
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| 1447 | </pre></Content>
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| 1476 | - B - Ohs lessee of Wharetoto left he block because of the To Ko troubles (Taupe 5/14O at bottom of page) so land suet t been leased at the time of Ts Kooti. Lines drawn from the homes of Pangiita and N'Tutemabutas are about the some diatat from Ts katai at present. I submit that in the evidente of occupation prowln given the witnesses must have got confused with the boundaries of Ts Metal Block, and when they were referring to hose at Te hotel they were really referring to a locality called Te Seta, down below to Big Ben. Therefore I submit that the exercise of rights of ownership over To Mate! by Tutasmbutas and zriita were of the sate kind and nature, only different in extent. In that regard my witness has said that the WITutamat tad the exclusive fishing rights on the Pipia and shared on ti Wohaka. r-oportiona 2 to 1, reason being that WITutamaiuta va-bons branches living with them are numerically greater that a'earglita - and the fact that thalr occupation at the Ripia exclusive and they also sha,ed or. the Yohaka side of the bleed ;OUPT, Is it your idea than that the katai block should be awarded 2 to 1, and all your people, or whomever you agree should Qom in and share as to one share, and all the Tutamabutas come in and share as to 2 shares? Suppose that wt done, you would be in a position to come along here and tell 1 what parts o" it your people should get of that one share? r. JCIU, Yes, air, bused on the whakapapa already lodged with the Court. C0tIil: Then in your opinion. in this investigation of title you got half a dosen people occupying a certain bleak then that is occupation by the /wept or tribe. What right hem youto assume that all Te largiita people era entitled webers! kit. JOSSas Because to the whakapapa the people whom I repress tome from the parent of Te Tauri who was killed m this block, and re have evidence that soma teem and fished am 'OM stayed at hone and shared. Yeori way of leihg - share fishing or gams with people of the settlements. COUnT, Mow does It come about that it was awarded to 31 poop: not to the whole ha-u? )I. MX Becauee we would respectfully submit that our pool were rot aware of the proceedings. mut:. , an not discussIrr your people at the moment. I am cusetre the original grant. Why was the whole of the block awarded to 31 neople when 31 was only part of the who: ha u? LIE,are??: t must confess T. carrot think of any justifieatio: awarding it to a small number ofpoople as was don this case. 122tli TS It your idols then, if we divide the block into 300 give 100 to your people, you say you will have no dif oulty in allooatine that 100 among your people? .P4. JONES: Yes, sir. gun, is not ruteamhate they are setting up but certain members of the Tutamehutas. Is it your seggestioe th 1/3rd should go to you, people and 2/3rds to these 31? Ea\_augi. my impression, sir, wee that in addition to the 9 other people should have been admitted ie the fir instance, being either brothers or sisters of those aXready eluded, and, further-ere, the 31 are not all Tutemohotite.
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| 1477 |
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| 1507 | - 10 - JOXISt have one other point. Tt hes been a feature of tr. vostigation of titles tr the Taupo district for eertain specific nee-ds to be made to the senior male representative of the 4, neuhec family, end to regard to this the family ropresentetiee, and recognised paramount chief of the Teupo district, Wei to Heuheu, and it is part of ay submission that 1 token award should ,e made to him. In this instance the rTutemahutas should be associatud with it. T have discussed the saint with Mr. Leery and he agreed that 23 acres esuld to sufficient, which would leave the rest 0300 acres out of the ii325 in the block. Before closing I have an apology with retard to one -eference I made this morning - that is the reference I made to the Court sitting being at Oruarei. T. should like this reference to to deleted frog the record ss it in ro way applies tc this sag. Mr. Lawry was good 'rough to draw my attention to the fact that the Court Wei did not sit at Oruanut. On looking up the Court Minute hook T 'ind that - must have beer misled by the word "ftuanui being written in large letters on vs-item pages of the Court finite look.
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| 1538 | ./4 a4Mec,r,ay Au 47;',Ni,1 OCTI Ts 'e hove bed foal, .tea pat up to' Par. ,r. jouce ap,vers for oeubors of the Aeagilta hapu ehioh it; subtribe elf Tttehoretoe. 'Or his 'Luke' he pellet, Os articlesly the seem es the Witemahate people. and precisely the cites ss dr. orrtssey'e people. the ' Itinerant people. There lu ana to be dO dispute about this upset Of the mutter. The "taco" is all eight. The people dr. Joao. represents ere not Melberg of the 31 people to whom too. t he. bees warded by the ,Jamrt. Ad Mr. Jones "eye that that wee owing to various factor. some of them not very pleeseat factors berealume they depend to a septet. extent on dooeption. mad smother Pastor being eomplete beam. of that the pram..ding' wore tactile plea. eritisted to a ee talc, extent the lncem whoms the iottet had oha to sit t invnt tigate the title to Te ,mtei. bother he is eatitiod to that I doubt - met et this stage. He calLiaises thw see he gels that ,:hen the tai leak oat In tent investigated tai not Coos, es a people. ,monget those ho did ham., the greet., bulk of t'ots ',milt mot get to the hearing bee.. the- ere ilffictattee of transport. end the net recall wee that we were :tersely reareseeted at the hemring, ,nd as result the Tutemehuta put feat one over thru - too. edvantc e of their sheens. end elloved the Ono to make on edlostion whieh they moat have ,no.a wow not rtrht. 'het may be all pe-fa,tly true but yot sad. pet en submission lice that at 40 is the morning Pad later tell me that the very witnes she did appear were well corm. reliable people. I synaot asametste the tee. I say the attn.' in those eases a', reliable people end co soot scold sot bp parties to any deeemtioa or ,ere people who would tatty advantage of any otrousatonses ,.hloh precast thomeelp,o to their heoefit. Mr. damn asps we hove of least cual rights with the TutemOnte. ,dm hay. at lees' the some lase of oocupotion of the mein bleak. dp re,th r think we hove toer wmanica Nut the Tuteatahota people humus. the ,loot could be ,et on to feat oar aide. sod because we could not have coy telling without going os to Ts Motet and that wee ea induct..at for my people to ,et on to that bleu, And Ptah and hunt espouse they 314 mot have eoyshere else to go for riot food. Thee he says 1 I o not thinx we e.,e entttled to the whole bloat. ',trot Of ell deeltag with sr. tiddifor clets. ay. iddircutd cannot possibly anceeed, the lead itself is well wtthia the uerberetes tribal boundaries even if these boundaries a-. wrong. Ate feet that all the load surrounding it wee Tuwharetes chow hew extremely diffioull it would be for en, outaite tribe. to ask. any Inroads tato the Pe rhie lead in sot Cehunguns lead, it I. ,awherstoe lead. Yet you ec lest the. t-ot is really the kernel of or. ,iicitferd's slots. Me soya we h.' be lam with the : hengtusea. In point of foot tae 0'.amidonne ettocteeded et one ets es a W., lag party xing mell\_k,ond the 'taicaorm but they were apt es coed the hey tat am raider., wore eerie. of fights which no doubt in fatal wee ipstw,u3 two tribes shoo the e were not too people losing their live. but hundreds. le nays t,et that in ,y opinton settles the pupation of the slate Of the shiny nowt. ')clung with ar. eorrieaoy h says, Or. torrisasy ma ae doubt set up a stellar lime of ancestral oonueetiona. N'Aiwour. maple 0,e undoubtedly with the ,utemehut. i4 revherpttese. 3u, no ,er we this partioular blofla to comae ned there mm not at the timo or s may time and Ntifinetioo fur enkgestiag that they more in opsilon of :he block. na qua-tioam s ri,nely the alleged fight where Mahal onci hie brot lost their lives. Kees
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| 1539 |
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| 1569 | if t aa a r1. ht , d., ,no, the 'Arrits or that fight, end under no oireniustanora anal., the' justify no , rd of aroma in the tot :'look. t;oe he ey9, doing to the '.ufeionhuta casino, I admit that they Ns., rights. hot to sait that, the ,ourt hob wlressy remcnined it tout he naps ; not only 'Omit they have ror;hte Out 1 thin,. they have bii",e rights Violin 4' own :.eagle, oven ow get la, the bliteniiiit pao;:le hay, 14et' r 1319,111. 111113 ?robably L-ore nece oery 'or :.;Ass to ed7Chinge e toblInti oecu,stion Vero. nii the ease,. er Shit is this. ra.Itt st when it enma to t w gnostic= of 00au,etion that of the 'site -n portion t000hln.-. the (pis ye uovrr ant there t all. ohs Hanel Ito people nes, r hod .taything to lo with the: at 11. t woe exclusively Tuteciehute. ;ot uoly did N y Knee exolunire rights to the eastern portion but they also had ',telt!' to the sans portion that we re riehte. an, fair hnra ap of that she., nnouretn, the Stilineutsi did not uo ed, a fair shore out of the, ',1ou IS to F1vs Coe she. to 10hausiit And 1 sh re to utrrohutsa. In hie cr i ion that be a fair e'er. MR. 0 Ntall ith r Lned. 'tr, to the :Cart's ocoon nt with regard t reliability or itneneee and oiy eub.ntom at 13 U. tabt tottins ct osi. ent with lair r to..?. to se.,e people on twin, 1 mat say, tr, tin y criticism or the ounduot or -e ,neitohou eat t. oar ooisten with 010 hon been oonoietent. del in this cynumse ,an 2 WIG 11 tilled for sheep be allied for r tin I will 1104, refer the '.net to etertnin ; .Itties on intooeseinn to one. 'rears es.i, in horototo 'look. in this lzastsitoe ie Mk, daughter of the deOenoed, ouer,leinevi to or. liorolay and the enetvor of iho nit 1 thnt she lion been octoroon nod thre neolth she ,1, n oert in document which he, been produced to he urt. he shot wan the nornse e nritgitahrou 1 to horewn, wino. ere omittrd from the final order of the urt. hes pro'oge tore ; it. '; ton. 11. 0/370.
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| 1600 | Ife Tuu, no 5 KsA KI, Ilaeoi Li TaLepo al te Tail tt 13 . o Hunt' Sitting of 7A, 31.n L., 5"., 75590 . T.., 14 J. 19,14 1953 I ? ? 'i' Tod liooti When. Maori, Regi trar, Offi., 1, Poneke, 26 o Mei 1933. ti'ollington. 26 May 1953. ti TTE pentlitengei kis mohintis 4. to to Kooti When. Maori ki XI-STICK Is hereby given the A sitting of the Maori Land Cost will t Al te where /foot; Whakowa. Tatm, Taite te IA 0 nga re n None / IA ho hold at tho Slogutrate Court, Taupo, on Thunday, 18 AM I 1953 i tekau o riga hsora o te eta, ki to whakawa kits ohs, i nga tn.:rings I 1953, at 10 or aeon theroa as poosible to beer, inquire into, and 1 o nga torso e rm. i to Cups Apia i raro o not determine tho met,s mentioned in the Schedule hereunder. 1 TE 3111(3, ehita. J. A. MILLS, Registrar. llkuroa, 1974/51-6) [Ikar. (553/5) KEPT APIT1 (SCHEDULE I) `"!`,."r- Te Alma o Tone (Nature of Application) Hs toss kis Mu. I. tellers i Lukas ra ki To Kooti Whtm. Maori e te Kooti Aporata Maori kr. whaks. to hurtga no ratou eke IA. henna i rung, i nga. Lai ri whitanga ki tera hunga i whaka ra e Te Kooti tr2rtt'aullOfrii t trri' : tr'cr o AtrlCItr;?".13t1 olrir741'llatt: Court to determine the persons at pre. entitled to ownership by ouceemion to tho owners determined by a denition of the Maori Appel. Court dated 26 ovemhor 1932. together with thoir rrepoetiorN abates. . Y.. 1 taut i rungs i to Maas o Os Eavranatanga o Niu Tireni, e E. E. OwEs, Raid a Os Kasysnatangs, Ponta.
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