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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no"?>
2<!DOCTYPE Archive SYSTEM "http://greenstone.org/dtd/Archive/1.0/Archive.dtd">
3<Archive>
4<Section>
5 <Description>
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16 <Metadata name="Title">Primary Sources: The coronations of King Henry VIII and Katharine of Aragon, 1509</Metadata>
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18 <Metadata name="URL">http://englishhistory.net/tudor/h8crown.html</Metadata>
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23 <Metadata name="dc.Subject">Tudor period|Others</Metadata>
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35 &lt;center&gt;
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37 &lt;tr&gt;
38 &lt;td valign=&quot;bottom&quot; colspan=&quot;3&quot;&gt;
39 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br&gt;
40 &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
41&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;_httpdocimg_/h8crown.gif&quot; alt=&quot;Primary Sources: 1509: The coronations of King Henry VIII and Katharine of Aragon&quot; width=&quot;480&quot; height=&quot;114&quot;&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;
42 &lt;/tr&gt;
43 &lt;tr&gt;
44 &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
45 &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
46 &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
47 &lt;/tr&gt;
48 &lt;tr&gt;
49 &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;48%&quot; bgcolor=&quot;#FFFFE8&quot;&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;The account
50 at right was written by the Tudor chronicler Edward Hall.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;p&gt;
51 &lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Henry VIII was born on 28 June 1491, the second son of King
52 Henry VII and Elizabeth of York.&amp;nbsp; He was originally destined to be
53 archbishop of Canterbury, but his older brother, Prince Arthur, died in
54 1502, shortly after marrying the Spanish princess Katharine of Aragon.&amp;nbsp;
55 And so Henry became king of England at the age of 18.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
56 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Henry married his brother's widow mere weeks after his
57 father died.&amp;nbsp; He claimed it had been Henry VII's dying wish, but this
58 is doubtful.&amp;nbsp; Katharine's plight appealed to Henry's chivalric
59 streak; he respected and admired her.&amp;nbsp; They were married for over
60 twenty years and, for a long while, were happy together.&amp;nbsp; But the
61 lack of a male heir and increasingly different lifestyles led to an
62 emotional separation; not surprisingly, Henry became infatuated with
63 another, much younger woman.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
64 &lt;p&gt;&lt;font size=&quot;2&quot;&gt;Henry and Katharine were married on 11 June 1509 and
65 crowned together at Westminster Abbey on the 24th.&amp;nbsp; Over the next
66 nine years, Katharine bore six children, only one of whom survived.&amp;nbsp;
67 Her marriage to Henry was annulled against her will in 1533 and she died
68 three years later.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
69 &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
70 &lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;
71 &lt;td width=&quot;4%&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
72 &lt;td valign=&quot;top&quot; width=&quot;48%&quot;&gt;
73 &lt;p&gt;The following day being a Sunday, and also Midsummer's Day, the noble
74 prince with his queen left the palace for Westminster Abbey at the appointed
75 hour.&amp;nbsp; The barons of the Cinq Ports held canopies over the royal couple
76 who trod on striped cloth of ray, which was immediately cut up by the crowd
77 when they had entered the abbey.&amp;nbsp; Inside, according to sacred tradition
78 and ancient custom, his grace and the queen were anointed and crowned by the
79 archbishop of Canterbury in the presence of other prelates of the realm and
80 the nobility and a large number of civic dignitaries.&amp;nbsp; The people were
81 asked if they would take this most noble prince as their king and obey him.&amp;nbsp;
82 With great reverence, love and willingness they responded with the cry 'Yea,
83 Yea'. &lt;/p&gt;
84&lt;p&gt;When the ceremony was finished, the lords spiritual and temporal paid homage
85to the king and, with the queen's permission, returned to Westminster Hall -
86each one beneath his canopy - where the lord marshal bearing his staff of office
87ushered all to their seats.&amp;nbsp; Each noble and lord proceeded to his allotted
88place arranged earlier according to seniority.&amp;nbsp; The nine-piece table being
89set with the king's estate seated on the right and the queen's estate on the
90left, the first course of the banquet was announced with a fanfare.&amp;nbsp; At the
91sound the duke of Buckingham entered riding a huge charger covered with richly
92embroidered trappings, together with the lord steward mounted on a horse decked
93with cloth of gold.&amp;nbsp; The two of them led in the banquet which was truly
94sumptuous, and as well as a great number of delicacies also included unusual
95heraldic devices and mottoes.
96&lt;p&gt;How can I describe the abundance of fine and delicate fare prepared for this
97magnificent and lordly feast, produced both abroad and in the many and various
98parts of this realm to which God has granted his bounty.&amp;nbsp; Or indeed the
99exemplary execution of the service of the meal itself, the clean handling and
100distribution of the food and the efficient ordering of the courses, such that no
101person of any estate lacked for anything.
102&lt;p&gt;.....
103&lt;p&gt;The following day the aforementioned defending team, lady Pallas's scholars,
104presented themselves before the king ready for the tourney.&amp;nbsp; All on
105horseback and armed from head to foot they each had one side of their
106armor-skirts and horse-trappings made of white velvet embroidered with gold
107roses and other devices, and the other made of green velvet embroidered with
108gold pomegranates.&amp;nbsp; On their headpieces each wore a plume of gold damask.
109&lt;p&gt;At the same time the other side rode in, the aforementioned eight knights
110fully armed and dressed, like their mounts, in green satin embroidered with fine
111golden bramble branches.&amp;nbsp; Following them, blowing horns, came a number of
112men dressed as foresters or gamekeepers in green cloth, with caps and hose to
113match, who arranged a set like a park with white and green fencing around it.&amp;nbsp;
114Inside this paddock were fallow deer and artificial trees, bushes, ferns, and so
115forth.&amp;nbsp; Once set up before the queen the paddock gates were unlocked and
116the deer ran out into the palace grounds.&amp;nbsp; Greyhounds were then let loose
117which killed the deer, the bodies of which were then presented to the queen and
118the assembled ladies by the above-mentioned knights.
119&lt;p&gt;Crocheman, who had brought in the golden lance the previous day, then
120declared that his knights were the servants of the goddess Diana and whilst they
121had been indulging in their pastime of hunting had received news that lady
122Pallas's knights had come into these parts to perform feats of arms.&amp;nbsp;
123Thereupon they had left off the chase and come hither to encounter these nights
124and to fight with them for the love of the ladies.
125&lt;p&gt;He added that if lady Pallas's knights vanquished them or forced them to
126leave the field of battle then they would receive the deer that had been killed
127and the greyhounds that slew them.&amp;nbsp; But if Diana's knights overpowers their
128opponents they were to be given the swords of those knights and nothing more.
129&lt;p&gt;Hearing this, the queen and her ladies asked the king for his advice on the
130matter.&amp;nbsp; The king, thinking that perhaps there was some grudge between the
131two parties and believing that to grant the request might lead to some
132unpleasantness, decided not to consent to these terms.&amp;nbsp; Instead, to defuse
133the situation, it was decided that both parties should fight the tourney but
134that only a limited number of strokes would be permitted.
135&lt;p&gt;This was done and the two sides then left the field.&amp;nbsp; The jousts then
136came to an end and the prizes were awarded to each man according to his deserts.
137&lt;br&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
138&lt;font size=-1&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;_httpextlink_&amp;amp;rl=1&amp;amp;href=http:%2f%2fenglishhistory.net%2ftudor%2fprimary.html&quot;&gt;to
139Primary Sources&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
140 &lt;/tr&gt;
141 &lt;/table&gt;
142 &lt;/center&gt;
143&lt;/div&gt;
144
145
146
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149</Content>
150</Section>
151</Archive>
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