source: trunk/gsdl/perllib/plugins/RecPlug.pm@ 7688

###########################################################################
#
# RecPlug.pm --
# A component of the Greenstone digital library software
# from the New Zealand Digital Library Project at the 
# University of Waikato, New Zealand.
#
# Copyright (C) 1999 New Zealand Digital Library Project
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
#
###########################################################################

# RecPlug is a plugin which recurses through directories processing
# each file it finds.

# RecPlug has one option: use_metadata_files.  When this is set, it will
# check each directory for an XML file called "metadata.xml" that specifies
# metadata for the files (and subdirectories) in the directory.
#
# Here's an example of a metadata file that uses three FileSet structures
# (ignore the # characters):

#<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
#<!DOCTYPE DirectoryMetadata SYSTEM "http://greenstone.org/dtd/DirectoryMetadata/1.0/DirectoryMetadata.dtd">
#<DirectoryMetadata>
#  <FileSet>
#    <FileName>nugget.*</FileName>
#    <Description>
#      <Metadata name="Title">Nugget Point, The Catlins</Metadata>
#      <Metadata name="Place" mode="accumulate">Nugget Point</Metadata>
#    </Description>
#  </FileSet>
#  <FileSet>
#    <FileName>nugget-point-1.jpg</FileName>
#    <Description>
#      <Metadata name="Title">Nugget Point Lighthouse, The Catlins</Metadata>
#      <Metadata name="Subject">Lighthouse</Metadata>
#    </Description>
#  </FileSet>
#  <FileSet>
#    <FileName>kaka-point-dir</FileName>
#    <Description>
#      <Metadata name="Title">Kaka Point, The Catlins</Metadata>
#    </Description>
#  </FileSet>
#</DirectoryMetadata>

# Metadata elements are read and applied to files in the order they appear
# in the file.
#
# The FileName element describes the subfiles in the directory that the
# metadata applies to as a perl regular expression (a FileSet group may
# contain multiple FileName elements). So, <FileName>nugget.*</FileName>
# indicates that the metadata records in the following Description block
# apply to every subfile that starts with "nugget".  For these files, a
# Title metadata element is set, overriding any old value that the Title
# might have had.
#
# Occasionally, we want to have multiple metadata values applied to a
# document; in this case we use the "mode=accumulate" attribute of the
# particular Metadata element.  In the second metadata element of the first
# FileSet above, the "Place" metadata is accumulating, and may therefore be
# given several values.  If we wanted to override these values and use a
# single metadata element again, we could set the mode attribute to
# "override" instead.  Remember: every element is assumed to be in override
# mode unless you specify otherwise, so if you want to accumulate metadata
# for some field, every occurance must have "mode=accumulate" specified.
#
# The second FileSet element above applies to a specific file, called
# nugget-point-1.jpg.  This element overrides the Title metadata set in the
# first FileSet, and adds a "Subject" metadata field.
#
# The third and final FileSet sets metadata for a subdirectory rather than
# a file.  The metadata specified (a Title) will be passed into the
# subdirectory and applied to every file that occurs in the subdirectory
# (and to every subsubdirectory and its contents, and so on) unless the
# metadata is explictly overridden later in the import.



package RecPlug;

use BasPlug;
use plugin;
use util;


BEGIN {
    @ISA = ('BasPlug');
    unshift (@INC, "$ENV{'GSDLHOME'}/perllib/cpan");
}

use XML::Parser;

my $arguments =
    [ { 'name' => "block_exp",
    'desc' => "{BasPlug.block_exp}",
    'type' => "regexp",
    'deft' => &get_default_block_exp(),
    'reqd' => "no" },
      { 'name' => "use_metadata_files",
    'desc' => "{RecPlug.use_metadata_files}",
    'type' => "flag",
    'reqd' => "no" },
      { 'name' => "recheck_directories",
    'desc' => "{RecPlug.recheck_directories}",
    'type' => "flag",
    'reqd' => "no" } ];

my $options = { 'name'     => "RecPlug",
        'desc'     => "{RecPlug.desc}",
        'abstract' => "no",
        'inherits' => "yes",
        'args'     => $arguments };


my ($self);
sub new {
    my $class = shift (@_);
    
    # $self is global for use within subroutines called by XML::Parser
    $self = new BasPlug ($class, @_);
    
    # 14-05-02 To allow for proper inheritance of arguments - John Thompson
    my $option_list = $self->{'option_list'};
    push( @{$option_list}, $options );

    if (!parsargv::parse(\@_,
             q^use_metadata_files^, \$self->{'use_metadata_files'},
             q^recheck_directories^, \$self->{'recheck_directories'},
             "allow_extra_options")) {
    print STDERR "\nRecPlug uses an incorrect option.\n";
    print STDERR "Check your collect.cfg configuration file.\n\n";
    $self->print_txt_usage("");  # Use default resource bundle
    die "\n";
    }
    
    if ($self->{'use_metadata_files'}) {
    # create XML::Parser object for parsing metadata.xml files
    my $parser = new XML::Parser('Style' => 'Stream',
                     'Handlers' => {'Char' => \&Char,
                            'Doctype' => \&Doctype
                            });
    $self->{'parser'} = $parser;
    $self->{'in_filename'} = 0;
    
    }
    
    return bless $self, $class;
}

# return 1 if this class might recurse using $pluginfo
sub is_recursive {
    my $self = shift (@_);
    
    return 1;
}

sub get_default_block_exp {
    my $self = shift (@_);
    
    return 'CVS';
}

# return number of files processed, undef if can't process
# Note that $base_dir might be "" and that $file might 
# include directories

# This function passes around metadata hash structures.  Metadata hash
# structures are hashes that map from a (scalar) key (the metadata element
# name) to either a scalar metadata value or a reference to an array of
# such values.

sub read {
    my $self = shift (@_);
    my ($pluginfo, $base_dir, $file, $in_metadata, $processor, $maxdocs, $gli) = @_;
    
    my $outhandle = $self->{'outhandle'};
    my $verbosity = $self->{'verbosity'};
    my $read_metadata_files = $self->{'use_metadata_files'};
    
    # Calculate the directory name and ensure it is a directory and
    # that it is not explicitly blocked.
    my $dirname = $file;
    $dirname = &util::filename_cat ($base_dir, $file) if $base_dir =~ /\w/;
    return undef unless (-d $dirname);
    return 0 if ($self->{'block_exp'} ne "" && $dirname =~ /$self->{'block_exp'}/);
    
    # check to make sure we're not reading the archives or index directory
    my $gsdlhome = quotemeta($ENV{'GSDLHOME'});
    if ($dirname =~ m/^$gsdlhome\/.*?\/import.*?\/(archives|index)$/) {
    print $outhandle "RecPlug: $dirname appears to be a reference to a Greenstone collection, skipping.\n";
        return 0;
    }
    
    # check to see we haven't got a cyclic path...
    if ($dirname =~ m%(/.*){,41}%) {
    print $outhandle "RecPlug: $dirname is 40 directories deep, is this a recursive path? if not increase constant in RecPlug.pm.\n";
    return 0;
    }
    
    # check to see we haven't got a cyclic path...
    if ($dirname =~ m%.*?import/(.+?)/import/\1.*%) {
    print $outhandle "RecPlug: $dirname appears to be in a recursive loop...\n";
    return 0;
    }
    
    if (($verbosity > 2) && ((scalar keys %$in_metadata) > 0)) {
        print $outhandle "RecPlug: metadata passed in: ", 
    join(", ", keys %$in_metadata), "\n";
    }
    
    # Recur over directory contents.
    my (@dir, $subfile);
    my $count = 0;
    
    print $outhandle "RecPlug: getting directory $dirname\n" if ($verbosity);
    
    # find all the files in the directory
    if (!opendir (DIR, $dirname)) {
    print $outhandle "RecPlug: WARNING - couldn't read directory $dirname\n";
    return -1; # error in processing
    }
    @dir = readdir (DIR);
    closedir (DIR);

    # Re-order the files in the list so any directories ending with .all are moved to the end
    for ($i = scalar(@dir) - 1; $i >= 0; $i--) {
    if (-d &util::filename_cat($dirname, $dir[$i]) && $dir[$i] =~ /\.all$/) {
        push(@dir, splice(@dir, $i, 1));
    }
    }

    # read XML metadata files (if supplied)
    my $additionalmetadata = 0;      # is there extra metadata available?
    my %extrametadata;               # maps from filespec to extra metadata keys
    my @extrametakeys;               # keys of %extrametadata in order read
    
    if ($read_metadata_files) {

    # read the directory "metadata.xml" file
    my $metadatafile = &util::filename_cat ($dirname, 'metadata.xml');
    if (-e $metadatafile) {
        print $outhandle "RecPlug: found metadata in $metadatafile\n" 
        if ($verbosity);
        $self->read_metadata_xml_file($metadatafile, \%extrametadata, \@extrametakeys);
        $additionalmetadata = 1;
    }
    }

    # import each of the files in the directory
    my $out_metadata; 
    my $num_files = scalar(@dir);
    for (my $i = 0; $i <= scalar(@dir); $i++) {
    # When every file in the directory has been done, pause for a moment (figuratively!)
    # If the -recheck_directories argument hasn't been provided, stop now (default)
    # Otherwise, re-read the contents of the directory to check for new files
    #   Any new files are added to the @dir list and are processed as normal
    #   This is necessary when documents to be indexed are specified in bibliographic DBs
    #   These files are copied/downloaded and stored in a new folder at import time
    if ($i == $num_files) {
        last unless $self->{'recheck_directories'};

        # Re-read the files in the directory to see if there are any new files
        last if (!opendir (DIR, $dirname));
        my @dirnow = readdir (DIR);
        closedir (DIR);

        # We're only interested if there are more files than there were before
        last if (scalar(@dirnow) <= scalar(@dir));

        # Any new files are added to the end of @dir to get processed by the loop
        foreach my $subfilenow (@dirnow) {
        for ($j = 0; $j < $num_files; $j++) {
            last if ($subfilenow eq $dir[$j]);
        }
        if ($j == $num_files) {
            # New file
            push(@dir, $subfilenow);
        }
        }

        # When the new files have been processed, check again
        $num_files = scalar(@dir);
    }

    my $subfile = $dir[$i];
    last if ($maxdocs != -1 && $count >= $maxdocs);
    next if ($subfile =~ /^\.\.?$/);
    next if ($read_metadata_files && $subfile =~ /metadata\.xml$/);

    # check for a symlink pointing back to a leading directory
    if (-d "$dirname/$subfile" && -l "$dirname/$subfile") {
        # readlink gives a "fatal error" on systems that don't implement
        # symlinks. This assumes the the -l test above would fail on those.
        my $linkdest=readlink "$dirname/$subfile";
        if (!defined ($linkdest)) {
        # system error - file not found?
        warn "RecPlug: symlink problem - $!";
        } else {
        # see if link points to current or a parent directory
        if ($linkdest =~ m@^[\./\\]+$@ ||
            index($dirname, $linkdest) != -1) {
            warn "RecPlug: Ignoring recursive symlink ($dirname/$subfile -> $linkdest)\n";
            next;
            ;
        }
        }
    }

    print $outhandle "RecPlug: preparing metadata for $subfile\n" if ($verbosity > 2);

    # Make a copy of $in_metadata to pass to $subfile
    $out_metadata = {};
    &combine_metadata_structures($out_metadata, $in_metadata);

    # Next add metadata read in XML files (if it is supplied)
    if ($additionalmetadata == 1) {

        my ($filespec, $mdref);
        foreach $filespec (@extrametakeys) {
        if ($subfile =~ /^$filespec$/) {
            print $outhandle "File \"$subfile\" matches filespec \"$filespec\"\n" 
            if ($verbosity > 2);
            $mdref = $extrametadata{$filespec};
            &combine_metadata_structures($out_metadata, $mdref);
        }
        }
    }
    
    # Recursively read each $subfile
    print $outhandle "RecPlug recurring: $subfile\n" if ($verbosity > 2);

    $count += &plugin::read ($pluginfo, $base_dir, 
                 &util::filename_cat($file, $subfile),
                 $out_metadata, $processor, $maxdocs, $gli);
    }

    return $count;    
}



# Read a manually-constructed metadata file and store the data
# it contains in the $metadataref structure.
#
# (metadataref is a reference to a hash whose keys are filenames
# and whose values are metadata hash structures.)  

sub read_metadata_xml_file {
    my $self = shift(@_);
    my ($filename, $metadataref, $metakeysref) = @_;
    $self->{'metadataref'} = $metadataref;
    $self->{'metakeysref'} = $metakeysref;
    
    eval {
    $self->{'parser'}->parsefile($filename);
    };
    if ($@) {
    die "RecPlug: ERROR $filename is not a well formed metadata.xml file ($@)\n";
    }
}

sub Doctype {
    my ($expat, $name, $sysid, $pubid, $internal) = @_;

    # allow the short-lived and badly named "GreenstoneDirectoryMetadata" files 
    # to be processed as well as the "DirectoryMetadata" files which should now
    # be created by import.pl
    die if ($name !~ /^(Greenstone)?DirectoryMetadata$/);
}

sub StartTag {
    my ($expat, $element) = @_;
    
    if ($element eq "FileSet") {
    $self->{'saved_targets'} = [];
    $self->{'saved_metadata'} = {};
    }
    elsif ($element eq "FileName") {
    $self->{'in_filename'} = 1;
    }
    elsif ($element eq "Metadata") {
    $self->{'metadata_name'} = $_{'name'};
    if ((defined $_{'mode'}) && ($_{'mode'} eq "accumulate")) {
        $self->{'metadata_accumulate'} = 1;
    } else {
        $self->{'metadata_accumulate'} = 0;
    }
    }
}

sub EndTag {
    my ($expat, $element) = @_;

    if ($element eq "FileSet") {
    push (@{$self->{'metakeysref'}}, @{$self->{'saved_targets'}});
    foreach my $target (@{$self->{'saved_targets'}}) {
        $self->{'metadataref'}->{$target} = $self->{'saved_metadata'};
    }
    }
    elsif ($element eq "FileName") {
    $self->{'in_filename'} = 0;
    }
    elsif ($element eq "Metadata") {
    $self->{'metadata_name'} = "";
    }

}

sub Text {

    if ($self->{'in_filename'}) {
    # $_ == FileName content
    push (@{$self->{'saved_targets'}}, $_);
    }
    elsif (defined ($self->{'metadata_name'}) && $self->{'metadata_name'} ne "") {
    # $_ == Metadata content
    my $mname = $self->{'metadata_name'};
    if (defined $self->{'saved_metadata'}->{$mname}) {
        if ($self->{'metadata_accumulate'}) {
        # accumulate mode - add value to existing value(s)
        if (ref ($self->{'saved_metadata'}->{$mname}) eq "ARRAY") {
            push (@{$self->{'saved_metadata'}->{$mname}}, $_);
        } else {
            $self->{'saved_metadata'}->{$mname} = 
            [$self->{'saved_metadata'}->{$mname}, $_];
        }
        } else {
        # override mode
        $self->{'saved_metadata'}->{$mname} = $_;
        }
    } else {
        if ($self->{'metadata_accumulate'}) {
        # accumulate mode - add value into (currently empty) array
        $self->{'saved_metadata'}->{$mname} = [$_];
        } else {
        # override mode
        $self->{'saved_metadata'}->{$mname} = $_;
        }
    }
    }
}

# This Char function overrides the one in XML::Parser::Stream to overcome a
# problem where $expat->{Text} is treated as the return value, slowing
# things down significantly in some cases.
sub Char {
  $_[0]->{'Text'} .= $_[1];
  return undef;
}

# Combine two metadata structures.  Given two references to metadata
# element structures, add every field of the second ($mdref2) to the first
# ($mdref1).  
#
# Afterwards $mdref1 will be updated, and $mdref2 will be unchanged.
#
# We have to be acreful about the way we merge metadata when one metadata
# structure is in "override" mode and one is in "merge" mode.  In fact, we
# use the mode from the second structure, $mdref2, because it is generally
# defined later (lower in the directory structure) and is therefore more
# "local" to the document concerned.
#
# Another issue is the use of references to pass metadata around.  If we
# simply copy one metadata structure reference to another, then we're
# effectively justr copyinga pointer, and changes to the new referene
# will affect the old (copied) one also.  This also applies to ARRAY
# references used as metadata element values (hence the "clonedata"
# function below).

sub combine_metadata_structures { 
    my ($mdref1, $mdref2) = @_;
    my ($key, $value1, $value2);

    foreach $key (keys %$mdref2) {

    $value1 = $mdref1->{$key};
    $value2 = $mdref2->{$key};
    
    # If there is no existing value for this metadata field in 
    # $mdref1, so we simply copy the value from $mdref2 over.
    if (!defined $value1) {
        $mdref1->{$key} = &clonedata($value2);
    } 
    # Otherwise we have to add the new values to the existing ones.
    # If the second structure is accumulated, then acculate all the
    # values into the first structure
    elsif ((ref $value2) eq "ARRAY") {
        # If the first metadata element is a scalar we have to 
        # convert it into an array before we add anything more.
        if ((ref $value1) ne 'ARRAY') {
        $mdref1->{$key} = [$value1];
        $value1 = $mdref1->{$key};
        }
        # Now add the value(s) from the second array to the first
        $value2 = &clonedata($value2);
        push @$value1, @$value2;
    } 
    # Finally, If the second structure is not an array erference, we
    # know it is in override mode, so override the first structure.
    else {
        $mdref1->{$key} = &clonedata($value2);
    }
    }
}


# Make a "cloned" copy of a metadata value.  
# This is trivial for a simple scalar value,
# but not for an array reference.

sub clonedata {
    my ($value) = @_;
    my $result;

    if ((ref $value) eq 'ARRAY') {
    $result = [];
    foreach my $item (@$value) {
        push @$result, $item;
    }
    } else {
    $result = $value;
    }
    return $result;
}


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